Toward U-Government in Japan

Equal Importance ◽

Legal Mandates ◽

Japan is set to move forward to developing a broadband and ubiquitous network society as envisioned under the concept of an advanced information society. And the successful implementation of e-government in Japan will serve as the foundation to achieving this goal. How does e-government affect the government itself, the business sector and the citizens? According to a 2005 user survey by the Institute of E-Government, the two main benefits of e-government are improved accessibility to information and transaction, and greater accountability from the government. To administer e-government in the country, the role of public sector and computerizations in various government agencies were taken into consideration. However, if computerization is limited to central government, this is of limited benefit to citizens. Thus, for communication between citizens and government, there is a need to go mainly through local government, not the central government directly. There is also a need to refer to e-municipality or e-local government, considering it of equal importance to e-government. It is also important to take into account issues against some aspects of an information society, but being overly anxious about them causes obstacles to promoting e-government. These issues include information security problems, lack of unified management of agencies and the risk of socio-economic digital divide. As such, one of the problems that every country has to face in promoting e-government is the legal system, embedded in every democratic government. Computerization and informatization of the government is, in one respect, an effective administrative and fiscal reform, but requires legal mandates. Thus, reforms in the legal system, including regulation system, are inevitably called for.

Toward U-Government in Japan

Encyclopedia of Digital Government ◽

10.4018/978-1-59140-789-8.ch238 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 1554-1561

Author(s):

T. Obi

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Legal System ◽

Information Society ◽

Central Government ◽

Regulation System ◽

Equal Importance ◽

Legal Mandates ◽

Japan is set to move forward to developing a broadband and ubiquitous network society as envisioned under the concept of an advanced information society. And the successful implementation of e-government in Japan will serve as the foundation to achieving this goal. How does e-government affect the government itself, the business sector and the citizens? According to a 2005 user survey by the Institute of E-Government, the two main benefits of e-government are improved accessibility to information and transaction, and greater accountability from the government. To administer e-government in the country, the role of public sector and computerizations in various government agencies were taken into consideration. However, if computerization is limited to central government, this is of limited benefit to citizens. Thus, for communication between citizens and government, there is a need to go mainly through local government, not the central government directly. There is also a need to refer to e-municipality or e-local government, considering it of equal importance to e-government. It is also important to take into account issues against some aspects of an information society, but being overly anxious about them causes obstacles to promoting e-government. These issues include information security problems, lack of unified management of agencies and the risk of socio-economic digital divide. As such, one of the problems that every country has to face in promoting e-government is the legal system, embedded in every democratic government. Computerization and informatization of the government is, in one respect, an effective administrative and fiscal reform, but requires legal mandates. Thus, reforms in the legal system, including regulation system, are inevitably called for.

From Social Trust and Happiness to Government Trust: The Moderating Role of Political Systems and Governance in the Philippines

PCD Journal ◽

10.22146/pcd.41903 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 305

Author(s):

Erickson D Calata ◽

Reginald G. Ugaddan

Keyword(s):

Legal System ◽

Central Government ◽

Social Trust ◽

The Philippines ◽

Future Research ◽

Trust In Government ◽

Political Systems ◽

The Government ◽

The Impact

There are frequent calls to enhance citizens' trust in government to pave the way towards a new paradigm of participatory governance and strong citizen support for government. In various realms, citizens may directly or indirectly engage with the government through various available mediums, even though, despite the availability of various policies and services provided by the government, citizens are generally passive and adamant in trusting the public sector. While many studies have explored a set of determinants that influence citizens' trust in government (i.e., central government, local government, parliament, and the legal system), few studies have ascertained the relationship and the role of social trust, happiness, governance, and political systems. These are critical factors that may influence trust in government. To address this gap, this study draws on the theoretical lens of social capital theory, proposing that cognitive social trust and citizen happiness—environment and performance—are the most likely predictors of citizen trust in government. This study assumes that citizens' perceptions of governance and political systems will moderate the effect of social trust and happiness on trust in government. Using data from the Asia Barometer Survey 2007, and focusing on data collected from the Philippines, this study tests a latent model employing the structural equation modelling technique. It finds that happiness negatively predicts trust in the central government and the legal system, while all other predictors do not have a significant effect. The findings also show that the political system moderates the impact of social trust and happiness on trust in government. Finally, this article points out its theoretical, empirical, and practical implications and provides directions for future research.

THE ROLE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS IN REGIONAL FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR THE HANDLING OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Yurispruden ◽

10.33474/yur.v4i2.10250 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 208

Author(s):

Fahrul Abrori

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Research Methods ◽

Financial Management ◽

Local Governments ◽

Central Government ◽

Fiscal Decentralization ◽

The Government ◽

The Stability ◽

The Relationship

ABSTRAKPandemi Covid-19 yang terjadi di Indonesia membuat pemerintah membuat kebijakan-kebijakan sebagai stimulus untuk menjaga kestabilan masyarakat dan perekonomian. Pemerintah pusat memberikan kewenangan kepada pemerintah daerah untuk mengelola keuangan daerah untuk menangani covid-19 di daerah masing-masing. Hal ini disebabkan karena pemerintah daerah lebih memahami kebutuhan daerahnya. Permasalahan yang diangkat Pertama, bagaimana hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengelolaan keuangan untuk penanganan pandemi Covid-19? Kedua, Apa peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam pengelolaan keuangan daerah untuk penanganan pandemi Covid-19? Menggunakan metode penelitian yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep. Hubungan Pemerintah Pusat dan Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan untuk Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu desentralisasi fiskal yang mana. Peran Pemerintah Daerah dalam Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah untuk Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19 yaitu dengan melakukan refocusing kegiatan, realokasi anggaran, dan Penggunaan Anggaran Pendapatan dan Belanja Daerah.Kata kunci: Pemerintah Daerah, Pengelolaan Keuangan Daerah, Pandemi Covid-19 ABSTRACTThe Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia led the government to make policies as a stimulus to maintain the stability of society and the economy. The central government authorizes local governments to manage local finances to deal with covid-19 in their respective regions. This is because the local government better understands the needs of the region. The issue raised first, how is the relationship between the Central Government and Local Government in financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic? Second, What is the role of local governments in regional financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic? Using normative juridical research methods with statutory approaches and concept approaches. The relationship between the Central Government and Local Government in Financial Management for the Handling of the Covid-19 Pandemic is fiscal decentralization. The role of local governments in regional financial management for the handling of the Covid-19 pandemic is by refocusing activities, reallocating budgets, and using regional budgets.Keywords: Local Government, Regional Financial Management, Covid-19 Pandemic

Pemerintah Daerah Dalam Rescaling Pengelolaan Kawasan Metropolitan (Studi Kasus : BRT Mebidang)

Talenta Conference Series Energy and Engineering (EE) ◽

10.32734/ee.v2i1.388 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anthoni Veery Mardianta ◽

Benedictus Kombaitan ◽

Heru Purboyo ◽

Delik Hudalah

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Information Seeking ◽

Central Government ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Actual Process ◽

Government Documents ◽

General Program

Rescaling adalah pendekatan yang muncul untuk mengelola wilayah metropolitan dalam konteks pengetatan persaingan global. Literatur penskalaan yang sejauh ini dikembangkan di Barat secara tradisional menekankan peran pemerintah pusat dalam reproduksi ruang metropolitan dan dengan demikian mengabaikan peran potensial pemerintah lokal sebagai tingkat pemerintahan otonom terendah. Penelitian ini berupaya mengeksplorasi peran yang dapat dimainkan oleh pemerintah daerah dalam menskors kawasan metropolitan di bawah struktur administrasi Indonesia yang saat ini terdesentralisasi. Medan-Binjai-Deli Serdang atau Mebidang, wilayah metropolitan terbesar di Sumatera, dipilih sebagai studi kasus. Trans Mebidang BRT, kebijakan pemerintah pusat yang penting yang mempengaruhi wilayah ini, digunakan untuk mengungkapkan proses penyelamatan aktual. Pengumpulan data untuk penelitian ini terutama bergantung pada wawancara semi-struktur, dokumen dan publikasi pemerintah, dan observasi lapangan. Analisis konten kualitatif dengan teknik pengkodean standar digunakan dalam analisis. Hasil analisis menegaskan bahwa perencanaan BRT Trans Mebidang memang didominasi oleh pemerintah pusat. Namun, hal ini mengungkapkan bahwa dukungan dari masing-masing pemerintah daerah dan provinsi penting dalam memastikan keberhasilan penerapannya. Dalam proses rescaling dilaksanakan pencarian penyesuaian, pencarian informasi program umum dan pertukaran sumber daya manusia dan keuangan. Dukungan lokal ini sangat jelas dalam masalah perencanaan pengintaian, pemrograman dan pembiayaan bersama. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa dukungan tersebut diperlukan untuk membangun rasa kepemilikan dan penerimaan politik. Rescaling is an emerging approach to managing metropolitan area in the context of tightening global competition. The rescaling literature as so far developed in the West has traditionally emphasized the role of central government in the reproduction of metropolitan space and thus neglects the potential role of local government as the lowest autonomous government tier. This dissertation seeks to explore the role that local government can play in the rescaling of metropolitan area under current Indonesia's decentralized administrative structure. Medan-Binjai-Deli Serdang or Mebidang, the largest metropolitan area in Sumatera, is selected as the case study. The BRT Trans Mebidang, an important central government's policy affecting the region, is utilized to reveal the actual process of rescaling. The data collection for this research mainly relies on in-depth, semistructure interviews, government documents and publications, and field observation. Qualitative content analysis with standard coding techniques is employed in the analysis. The result of analysis confirms that the planning of BRT Trans Mebidang is indeed dominated by the central government. However, it reveals that the supports from respective local and provincial governments is important in ensuring its successful implementation. In rescaling process, get adjustment seeking, general program information seeking and human and financial resource exchange. These local supports are particularly apparent in the planning issue reconnaissance, programming and co-financing. It can be concluded that such supports are necessary to build sense of ownership and political acceptance.

Pemerintah Daerah Dalam Rescaling Pengelolaan Kawasan Metropolitan (Studi Kasus : BRT Mebidang)

Talenta Conference Series Energy and Engineering (EE) ◽

10.32734/ee.v2i1.404 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Anthoni Veery Mardianta ◽

Benedictus Kombaitan ◽

Heru Purboyo ◽

Delik Hudalah

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Information Seeking ◽

Central Government ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Actual Process ◽

Government Documents ◽

General Program

Abstrak Rescaling adalah pendekatan yang muncul untuk mengelola wilayah metropolitan dalam konteks pengetatan persaingan global. Literatur rescaling yang sejauh ini dikembangkan di Barat secara tradisional menekankan peran pemerintah pusat dalam reproduksi ruang metropolitan dan dengan demikian mengabaikan peran potensial pemerintah lokal sebagai tingkat pemerintahan otonom terendah. Disertasi ini berupaya mengeksplorasi peran yang dapat dimainkan oleh pemerintah daerah dalam menskors kawasan metropolitan di bawah struktur administrasi Indonesia yang saat ini terdesentralisasi. Medan-Binjai-Deli Serdang atau Mebidang, wilayah metropolitan terbesar di Sumatera, dipilih sebagai studi kasus. Trans Mebidang BRT, kebijakan pemerintah pusat yang penting yang mempengaruhi wilayah ini, digunakan untuk mengungkapkan proses penyelamatan aktual. Pengumpulan data untuk penelitian ini terutama bergantung pada wawancara semi-struktur, dokumen dan publikasi pemerintah, dan observasi lapangan. Analisis konten kualitatif dengan teknik pengkodean standar digunakan dalam analisis. Hasil analisis menegaskan bahwa perencanaan BRT Trans Mebidang memang didominasi oleh pemerintah pusat. Namun, ia mengungkapkan bahwa dukungan dari masing-masing pemerintah daerah dan provinsi penting dalam memastikan keberhasilan penerapannya. Dalam proses rescaling, dapatkan pencarian penyesuaian, pencarian informasi program umum dan pertukaran sumber daya manusia dan keuangan. Dukungan lokal ini sangat jelas dalam masalah perencanaan pengintaian, pemrograman dan pembiayaan bersama. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa dukungan tersebut diperlukan untuk membangun rasa kepemilikan dan penerimaan politik. Rescaling is an emerging approach to managing metropolitan area in the context of tightening global competition. The rescaling literature as so far developed in the West has traditionally emphasized the role of central government in the reproduction of metropolitan space and thus neglects the potential role of local government as the lowest autonomous government tier. This dissertation seeks to explore the role that local government can play in the rescaling of metropolitan area under current Indonesia's decentralized administrative structure. Medan-Binjai-Deli Serdang or Mebidang, the largest metropolitan area in Sumatera, is selected as the case study. The BRT Trans Mebidang, an important central government's policy affecting the region, is utilized to reveal the actual process of rescaling. The data collection for this research mainly relies on in-depth, semistructure interviews, government documents and publications, and field observation. Qualitative content analysis with standard coding techniques is employed in the analysis. The result of analysis confirms that the planning of BRT Trans Mebidang is indeed dominated by the central government. However, it reveals that the supports from respective local and provincial governments is important in ensuring its successful implementation. In rescaling process, get adjustment seeking, general program information seeking and human and financial resource exchange. These local supports are particularly apparent in the planning issue reconnaissance, programming and co-financing. It can be concluded that such supports are necessary to build sense of ownership and political acceptance.

Determinants of post COVID-19 food security policy success

International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment ◽

10.1108/ijdrbe-11-2020-0118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Fadillah Amin ◽

Wibisono Poespito Hadi ◽

Soesilo Zauhar ◽

Bambang Santoso Haryono

Keyword(s):

Food Security ◽

Local Government ◽

Public Participation ◽

Central Government ◽

Food Prices ◽

Security Policies ◽

Food Crisis ◽

Content Type ◽

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to analyze and examine the influence of the role of the central government, the role of local government, community participation, governance on the success of post-COVID-19 food security policies. Design/methodology/approach This study conducted a quantification study related to phenomena related to the success of post-COVID-19 food security policies. The data used are primary data with a research instrument in the form of a questionnaire. Data analysis using the measurement model Structural Equation Model (SEM). The population in this study was all people in the city of Bandung, Indonesia. Findings The role of the Central Government (X1), the role of the Local Government (X2) and Public Participation (X3) is very important for improving Governance (Y1) and Food Defense Policy (Y2). Thus, the conditions of the role of the Central Government (X1), the role of the Local Government (X2) and Public Participation (X3) must always be maintained. Efforts to maintain the role of the Central Government (X1) and the role of the Local Government (X2) can be done by paying attention to the organizing aspect. This indicator is known to have a very important influence in reflecting the role of the Central Government (X1) and the role of the Local Government (X2). On the other hand, efforts to increase Public Participation (X3) can be done by paying attention to the Psychological indicators (X31). Originality/value The government must take steps to prevent a food crisis. Apart from that, the government is also deemed necessary to map existing agricultural potentials, stabilize food prices, carry out consolidation related to agricultural land and also make regulations related to existing food problems. Apart from the role of the government, the public can also take part in maintaining food security to avoid a food crisis. Communities have the opportunity to build food sovereignty and self-sufficiency. During a pandemic like this, people tend to be more creative and can be creative to outsmart existing situations. This includes maintaining access to food. The community is expected to have the awareness to undertake at least independent planting to meet their own food needs.

7. Central government

Public Law ◽

10.1093/he/9780198722939.003.0007 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

John Stanton ◽

Craig Prescott

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Northern Ireland ◽

Prime Minister ◽

Central Government ◽

Civil Servants ◽

The People ◽

This chapter examines the structure and role of central government, with the latter part focusing on the key constitutional requirement that the government is accountable to the people through Parliament, reflecting the democratic nature of the constitution. The phrase ‘central government’ refers to the Prime Minister, Cabinet, ministers, government departments, and civil servants. Informally, these parts of central government are often referred to as ‘Whitehall’, reflecting how most government departments and the Prime Minister are based around that area of central London close to Westminster. A more constitutionally appropriate phrase is the ‘executive’. However, this term can also be taken to mean other elements which include the governments of Scotland, Northern Ireland, and Wales, as well as local government and organisations such as the police.

Evaluation of Media Policies in Order To Protect Local Film Community

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20187314012 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 73 ◽

pp. 14012

Author(s):

Lintang Ratri Rahmiaji ◽

Muh. Bayu Widagdo

Keyword(s):

Local Government ◽

Power Relations ◽

Central Government ◽

Film Industry ◽

Qualitative Approach ◽

Discussion Forum ◽

Independent Film ◽

The Government ◽

Independent Filmmaking

Based on Film Law (2008), the Government is obliged to promote the national film industry. But in reality, independent film industry in the local district needs more attention. The research purpose is to examine the role of local government in developing the film community and alternative screening spaces. This study uses a qualitative approach with explorative analysis, to map power relations between government, independent arts institutions, and independent film community. As results, there is a knowledge gap about the role, obligation and duties of local government, between central government, local government, local art council, indies film communities and society, in efforts to encourage the growing of film communities. Local Art Council doesn’t cover all of the film communities and tends to giving attention only for their members. All stakeholders in the development of indie films are not synergy which then becomes counterproductive to the existence of indies movie community. To address this gap, a discussion forum is needed to find the best solution to resolve the issue of independent filmmaking in the region.

4. Shaping the legal system: the role of government

10.1093/he/9780198852926.003.0004 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 73-91

Author(s):

Martin Partington

Keyword(s):

Criminal Justice ◽

Legal System ◽

Central Government ◽

Criminal Justice Policy ◽

Home Office ◽

Role Of Government ◽

System P ◽

The Government ◽

Law Commission

This chapter considers the principal government departments that shape the English legal system. Over the years, the Government has become increasingly involved in the English legal system. The leading department is the Ministry of Justice, which is responsible for running and developing the courts and tribunals system. The chapter provides an overview of its functions. It also considers the Judicial Office, the Judicial College, and the Law Commission. The Home Office is responsible for many aspects of criminal justice policy. Mention is also made of the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, and other central government departments whose work impacts on the legal system.