An ICT Enabled "Community" in Rural Nigeria and the UK

2008 ◽  
pp. 2003-2007
Author(s):  
Pamela McLean
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
State Government ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Nigeria ◽  
Development Initiatives ◽  
The Uk

Development initiatives in Nigeria tend to be delivered down through layers of administration, from federal government, to state government, to local government, before they get implemented. Often developments are concentrated in urban areas rather than rural communities.

An ICT Enabled "Community" in Rural Nigeria and the UK

2008 ◽  
pp. 2054-2071
Author(s):  
Pamela McLean
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
State Government ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Nigeria ◽  
Development Initiatives ◽  
The Uk

Development initiatives in Nigeria tend to be delivered down through layers of administration, from federal government, to state government, to local government, before they get implemented. Often developments are concentrated in urban areas rather than rural communities.

An ICT Enabled "Community" in Rural Nigeria and the UK

2005 ◽  
pp. 367-369
Author(s):  
Pamela McLean
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
State Government ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Nigeria ◽  
Development Initiatives ◽  
The Uk

Development initiatives in Nigeria tend to be delivered down through layers of administration, from federal government, to state government, to local government, before they get implemented. Often developments are concentrated in urban areas rather than rural communities.

Urban Stormwater

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
State Government ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Government Agencies ◽  
Urban Stormwater ◽  
Run Off

The intense concentration of human activity in urban areas leads to changes in both the quantity and quality of runoff that eventually reaches our streams, lakes, wetlands, estuaries and coasts. The increasing use of impervious surfaces designed to provide smooth and direct pathways for stormwater run-off, has led to greater runoff volumes and flow velocities in urban waterways. Unmanaged, these changes in the quantity and quality of stormwater can result in considerable damage to the environment. Improved environmental performance is needed to ensure that the environmental values and beneficial uses of receiving waters are sustained or enhanced. Urban Stormwater - Best-Practice Environmental Management Guidelines resulted from a collaboration between State government agencies, local government and leading research institutions. The guidelines have been designed to meet the needs of people involved in the planning, design or management of urban land uses or stormwater drainage systems. They provide guidance in ten key areas: Environmental performance objectives; Stormwater management planning; Land use planning; Water sensitive urban design; Construction site management; Business surveys; Education and awareness; Enforcement; Structural treatment measures; and Flow management. Engineers and planners within local government, along with consultants to the development industry, should find the guidelines especially useful. Government agencies should also find them helpful in assessing the performance of stormwater managers. While developed specifically for application in Victoria, Australia, the information will be of value to stormwater managers everywhere.

scholarly journals Local, glocal, entrepreneurial and socio-ecological aspects of the contemporary city

Sociologija ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-122
Author(s):  
Sreten Vujovic
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
State Government ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Politics ◽  
Urban Policy ◽  
Local Politics ◽  
Ecological Modernization ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
Ecological Features ◽  
Entrepreneurial City

This paper, using political science and sociological approach, points to a series of phenomena, processes and problems related to the decentralization of state government, local government, glocal world, entrepreneurial city and urban socio-ecological features in the context of globalization, post-socialist transformation and ecological modernization. It is primarily about the way of managing the city, about urban policy. The power is the central category of each policy, including the local politics - power, social actors and interests in connection with them. Urban processes are governed by different actors - politicians, businessmen, experts, citizens / consumers, NGOs - some of which actually run, while others are subordinated, or resist, which indicates the latent and manifest tensions and conflicts in urban areas. Therefore, the concluding part of the paper points to the phenomenon of entrepreneurial city and its actors involved in the game of power. In order to concretize, some results of recent (2010) socio-ecological research of attitudes of representatives of local government in Serbia are used. Whether and how much a democratic decision-making in urban politics takes place is also one of the questions that are attended to.

scholarly journals Foot and Mouth Disease: Informing the Community?

10.28945/2550 ◽  
2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Briony J Oates
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Psychological Problems ◽  
Social Wellbeing ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Government Websites ◽  
The Uk

The 2001 foot and mouth disease (FMD) outbreak in the UK had a significant impact on the economic and social wellbeing of rural communities. This paper examines the FMD pages of four local government websites in Northern England: Cumbria, Durham, Northumberland and North Yorkshire County Councils. Each county was badly affected by FMD. The contents of the FMD webpages are analysed and compared: which audiences were addressed, what information was provided or omitted, and how well the audiences’ needs were met. The study shows the breadth of audience types and information that could have been included, but no site covered all the necessary angles. Furthermore, the websites did little to address the psychological problems arising from FMD or to enhance participation and democracy in their local communities. By examining how the councils informed those affected, lessons can be learnt which are relevant to any future disruption to a community.

scholarly journals Decentralisation or Recentralisation? Trends in local government in Malaysia

2008 ◽  
pp. 126-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siew Nooi Phang
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
State Government ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Federal System ◽  
State Governments ◽  
The Third ◽  
Federal Constitution

Local government in Malaysia occupies the third and lowest level after federal and state governments. Under the Malaysian federal constitution (paragraphs 4 and 5 of the Ninth Schedule), local government is the responsibility of the states, but the federal government also exercises considerable power and influence over local government, especially in peninsular Malaysia. The dynamic of the Malaysian federal system is such that it has shifted the balance of power to the centre.Local government accounts for only 1% of GDP. There are 144 local authorities divided into cities (major administrative and commercial centres), municipalities (other urban areas), and districts (chiefly rural areas). Executive powers rest with the Mayor (cities) or President, supported and/or overseen by a system of committees. Currently, local councils in Malaysia are not elected: councillors are appointed by the state government for 3-year terms (with the option of re-appointment) and in most cases come from the ruling coalition.

Volunteer Service After The Volunteer Service: The Sector Of Employment And Veteran Volunteering

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-277
Author(s):  
Yusuf Baktir ◽  
Aminata Sillah
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
State Government ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Nonprofit Sector ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Volunteer Service ◽  
State And Local Government ◽  
State And Local

The purpose of this article is to illustrate how changes in institutional environment may impact veteran volunteering. We argue that veterans are likely to adapt to new institutional environment as they start working for different sectors such as private, public and nonprofit. Findings suggest that regardless of the sector of employment, veterans are more likely to volunteer than non-veterans. Additionally, veterans in the federal government, nonprofit sector and those who are self-employed are more likely to volunteer than veterans working in the private sector. However, no difference exists between veterans in the local government, state government and the private sector. Inversely, state and local government employment increases the likelihood of volunteering for the non-veterans, but federal employment has no influence. This study aims to fill the gap in our understanding of institutional environment and its impact on veteran volunteering. Implications for practitioners and future research are discussed at the end.

TURNING FARMERS INTO SOCIAL FARMER ENTREPRENEURS FOR DISADVANTAGED PEOPLE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Remus Runcan
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Physical Work ◽  
Healthy Environment ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural Development Programme ◽  
Rural And Urban

According to Romania’s National Rural Development Programme, the socio-economic situation of the rural environment has a large number of weaknesses – among which low access to financial resources for small entrepreneurs and new business initiatives in rural areas and poorly developed entrepreneurial culture, characterized by a lack of basic managerial knowledge – but also a large number of opportunities – among which access of the rural population to lifelong learning and entrepreneurial skills development programmes and entrepreneurs’ access to financial instruments. The population in rural areas depends mainly on agricultural activities which give them subsistence living conditions. The gap between rural and urban areas is due to low income levels and employment rates, hence the need to obtain additional income for the population employed in subsistence and semi-subsistence farming, especially in the context of the depopulation trend. At the same time, the need to stimulate entrepreneurship in rural areas is high and is at a resonance with the need to increase the potential of rural communities from the perspective of landscape, culture, traditional activities and local resources. A solution could be to turn vegetal and / or animal farms into social farms – farms on which people with disabilities (but also adolescents and young people with anxiety, depression, self-harm, suicide, and alexithymia issues) might find a “foster” family, bed and meals in a natural, healthy environment, and share the farm’s activities with the farmer and the farmer’s family: “committing to a regular day / days and times for a mutually agreed period involves complying with any required health and safety practices (including use of protective clothing and equipment), engaging socially with the farm family members and other people working on and around the farm, and taking on tasks which would include working on the land, taking care of animals, or helping out with maintenance and other physical work”

scholarly journals Presentation, Management, and Outcomes across the Rural-Urban Continuum for Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kali Zhou ◽  
Trevor A Pickering ◽  
Christina S Gainey ◽  
Myles Cockburn ◽  
Mariana C Stern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tumor Stage ◽  
The United States ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Urban Residents ◽  
Place Of Residence ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Receive Treatment

Abstract Background Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of few cancers with rising incidence and mortality in the United States. Little is known about disease presentation and outcomes across the rural-urban continuum. Methods Using the population-based SEER registry, we identified adults with incident hepatocellular carcinoma between 2000–2016. Urban, suburban and rural residence at time of cancer diagnosis were categorized by the Census Bureau’s percent of the population living in non-urban areas. We examined association between place of residence and overall survival. Secondary outcomes were late tumor stage and receipt of therapy. Results Of 83,368 cases, 75.8%, 20.4%, and 3.8% lived in urban, suburban, and rural communities, respectively. Median survival was 7 months (IQR 2–24). All stage and stage-specific survival differed by place of residence, except for distant stage. In adjusted models, rural and suburban residents had a respective 1.09-fold (95% CI = 1.04–1.14, p < .001) and 1.08-fold (95% CI = 1.05–1.10, p < .001) increased hazard of overall mortality as compared to urban residents. Furthermore, rural and suburban residents had 18% (OR = 1.18, 95% CI 1.10–1.27, p < .001) and 5% (OR = 1.05, 95% CI = 1.02–1.09, p = .003) higher odds of diagnosis at late stage and were 12% (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.80–0.94, p < .001) and 8% (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.88–0.95, p < .001) less likely to receive treatment, respectively, compared to urban residents. Conclusions Residence in a suburban and rural community at time of diagnosis was independently associated with worse indicators across the cancer continuum for liver cancer. Further research is needed to elucidate the primary drivers of these rural-urban disparities.

scholarly journals An Ecological Service System Based Study on Suburban Rural Landscape Multifunction

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 232
Author(s):  
Jie Zheng ◽  
Lisha Na ◽  
Binglin Liu ◽  
Tiantian Zhang ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Support Function ◽  
Service System ◽  
Rural Landscape ◽  
Dual Function ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Ecological Service ◽  
Single Function ◽  
Data Constraints

Suburban rural landscape multifunction has received increasing attention from scholars due to its high demand and impact on main urban areas. However, few studies have been focused on suburban rural landscape multifunction because of data constraints. The present study quantified the four landscape services based on ecological service system, i.e., regulating function (RF), provision function (PF), culture function (CF), and support function (SF), determined the interaction through the Spearman correlation coefficient, and ultimately identified the landscape multifunction hotspots and dominant functions through overlay analysis. The result indicated that suburban rural communities have exhibited the characteristics of regional multifunction, and the landscape multifunction hotspots accounted for 64.2%; it should be particularly noted that, among single-function, dual-function, and multifunction hotspots, both support function, and culture function was dominant, while only one case was found in which the regulating function was dominant. Furthermore, all landscape functions other than SF-CF exhibited certain correlations. The study suggests that planning and management should be performed in future in combination with landscape multifunction to ensure the sustainable development of suburban rural communities.

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