Architectures for Large Scale Distributed Systems

2010 ◽  
pp. 23-46
Author(s):  
Valentin Cristea ◽  
Ciprian Dobre ◽  
Corina Stratan ◽  
Florin Pop
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Service Architecture ◽  
Service Oriented Architectures ◽  
Client Server ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Open Grid Service Architecture ◽  
Event Based

This chapter introduces the macroscopic views on distributed systems’ components and their inter-relations. The importance of the architecture for understanding, designing, implementing, and maintaining distributed systems is presented first. Then the currently used architectures and their derivatives are analyzed. The presentation refers to the client-server (with details about Multi-tiered, REST, Remote Evaluation, and Code-on-Demand architectures), hierarchical (with insights in the protocol oriented Grid architecture), service-oriented architectures including OGSA (Open Grid Service Architecture), cloud, cluster, and peer-to-peer (with its versions: hierarchical, decentralized, distributed, and event-based integration architectures). Due to the relation between architecture and application categories supported, the chapter’s structure is similar to that of Chapter 1. Nevertheless, the focus is different. In the current chapter, for each architecture the model, advantages, disadvantages and areas of applicability are presented. Also the chapter includes concrete cases of use (namely actual distributed systems and platforms), and clarifies the relation between the architecture and the enabling technology used in its instantiation. Finally, Chapter 2 frames the discussion in the other chapters, which refer to specific components and services for large scale distributed systems.

Methodology and Software Components for E-business Development and Implementation

2013 ◽  
pp. 269-298
Author(s):  
Neven Vrcek ◽  
Ivan Magdalenic
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Network Effects ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Module Structure ◽  
Service Oriented Architectures ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Public Sectors ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Many benefits from implementation of e-business solutions are related to network effects which means that there are many interconnected parties utilizing the same or compatible technologies. The large-scale adoption of e-business practices in public sectors and in small and medium enterprises (SMEs)-prevailing economic environments will be successful if appropriate support in the form of education, adequate legislative, directions, and open source applications is provided. This case study describes the adoption of e-business in public sectors and SMEs by using an integrated open source approach called e-modules. E-module is a model which has process properties, data properties, and requirements on technology. Therefore e-module presents a holistic framework for deployment of e-business solutions and such e-module structure mandates an approach which requires reengineering of business processes and adoption of strong standardization that solves interoperability issues. E-module is based on principles of service-oriented architectures with guidelines for introduction into business processes and integration with ERP systems. Such an open source approach enables the spreading of compatible software solutions across any given country, thus, increasing e-business adoption. This paper presents a methodology for defining and building e-modules.

The Enterprise Systems Approach

2010 ◽  
pp. 1-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Targowski
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Service Oriented Architecture ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Enterprise Systems ◽  
Enterprise Information ◽  
Service Architecture ◽  
Business Component ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Architectural Planning

The enterprise system approach is defined by its evolution and major milestones of architectural planning. The ES architectures are multi-faceted solutions, hence it is defined in the scope of the enterprise organization architecture (EOA), enterprise functional architecture (EFA), enterprise processive architecture (EPA), enterprise information architecture (EIA), enterprise software architecture (ESA), enterprise network architecture (ENA), enterprise service architecture (ESA), business component architecture (BCA), enterprise information infrastructure (EII), and enterprise configurations. A composite ES architecture is presented as a transitional architecture, which is currently practiced by most enterprises. The near future of the ES approach will be rather limited to the ways of delivering ES’ applications within a framework of service-oriented architecture (SOA) and the cloud computing, which satisfies effective large-scale operations. The progressive process of organization/business virtualization and the urgent need for more sustainable enterprise development should lead to new development of enterprise systems.

scholarly journals Military Simulation Big Data: Background, State of the Art, and Challenges

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Song ◽  
Yulin Wu ◽  
Yaofei Ma ◽  
Yong Cui ◽  
Guanghong Gong
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Military Training ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Service Oriented Architectures ◽  
Weapon Systems ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
High Resolution Models ◽  
Future Work

Big data technology has undergone rapid development and attained great success in the business field. Military simulation (MS) is another application domain producing massive datasets created by high-resolution models and large-scale simulations. It is used to study complicated problems such as weapon systems acquisition, combat analysis, and military training. This paper firstly reviewed several large-scale military simulations producing big data (MS big data) for a variety of usages and summarized the main characteristics of result data. Then we looked at the technical details involving the generation, collection, processing, and analysis of MS big data. Two frameworks were also surveyed to trace the development of the underlying software platform. Finally, we identified some key challenges and proposed a framework as a basis for future work. This framework considered both the simulation and big data management at the same time based on layered and service oriented architectures. The objective of this review is to help interested researchers learn the key points of MS big data and provide references for tackling the big data problem and performing further research.

Large-scale Performance Evaluation of e-Homecare Architectures Using the WS-NS Simulator

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (05) ◽  
pp. 408-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Volckaert ◽  
B. Dhoedt ◽  
F. De Turck ◽  
S. Van Hoecke
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Response Times ◽  
Service Selection ◽  
Network Simulator ◽  
Service Oriented Architectures ◽  
Selection Strategies ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽  
Time Critical ◽  
Selection Algorithms

SummaryBackground: E-homecare creates opportunities to provide care faster, at lower cost and higher levels of convenience for patients. As e-homecare services are time-critical, stringent requirements are imposed in terms of total response time and reliability, this way requiring a characterization of their network load and usage behavior. However, it is usually hard to build testbeds on a realistic scale in order to evaluate large-scale e-home-care applications.Objective: This paper describes the design and evaluation of the Network Simulator for Web Services (WS-NS), an NS2-based simulator capable of accurately modeling service-oriented architectures that can be used to evaluate the performance of e-homecare architectures.Methods: WS-NS is applied to the Coplintho e-homecare use case, based on the results of the field trial prototype which targeted diabetes and multiple sclerosis patients. Network-unaware and network-aware service selection algorithms are presented and their performance is tested.Results: The results show that when selecting a service to execute the request, suboptimal decisions can be made when selection is solely based on the service’s properties and status. Taking into account the network links interconnecting the services leads to better selection strategies. Based on the results, the e-homecare broker design is optimized from a centralized design to a hierarchical region-based design, resulting in an important decrease of average response times.Conclusions: The WS-NS simulator can be used to analyze the load and response times of large-scale e-homecare architectures. An optimization of the e-homecare architecture of the Coplintho project resulted in optimized network overhead and more than 45% lower response times.

Identification, Specification, and Development of Web-Oriented Architectures

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnar Thies ◽  
Gottfried Vossen
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Systems ◽  
Service Oriented Architectures ◽  
Web Architecture ◽  
Black Boxes ◽  
Core Elements ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Specific Technology ◽  
The Web

Web-oriented Architectures (WOAs) provide a way of designing an IT system by using a variety of Web Procedures, i.e., procedures (or services) called over the Web. The idea of (typically atomic) components that are black boxes, have interfaces, and can be assembled into a larger process is fundamental and has existed since the early days of distributed systems. Two particular types of modern distributed systems are Service-oriented Architectures and Resource-oriented Architectures, which are built on specific technology stacks and define their own concepts. A WOA uses the best of both worlds plus specifics like Web APIs to build an interconnected IT system in the easiest way possible. In this article, the authors introduce the concept behind a WOA, the topology of a WOA, and possible integration scenarios within an enterprise. More importantly, the authors discuss what a methodology for building a WOA can look like and how control can be achieved, by using a logical software element called the Web Architecture Controller, which specifies the Web-centric core elements of a WOA. Lastly, the cost of implementing and running such a system is briefly addressed.

The Enterprise Systems Approach

2011 ◽  
pp. 397-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Targowski
Keyword(s):  
Network Architecture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Service Oriented Architecture ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Enterprise Systems ◽  
Enterprise Information ◽  
Service Architecture ◽  
Business Component ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Architectural Planning

The enterprise system approach is defined by its evolution and major milestones of architectural planning. The ES architectures are multi-faceted solutions, hence it is defined in the scope of the enterprise organization architecture (EOA), enterprise functional architecture (EFA), enterprise processive architecture (EPA), enterprise information architecture (EIA), enterprise software architecture (ESA), enterprise network architecture (ENA), enterprise service architecture (ESA), business component architecture (BCA), enterprise information infrastructure (EII), and enterprise configurations. A composite ES architecture is presented as a transitional architecture, which is currently practiced by most enterprises. The near future of the ES approach will be rather limited to the ways of delivering ES’ applications within a framework of service-oriented architecture (SOA) and the cloud computing, which satisfies effective large-scale operations. The progressive process of organization/business virtualization and the urgent need for more sustainable enterprise development should lead to new development of enterprise systems.

SERVICE ORIENTED TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT TO IMPROVE ORGANIZATIONAL AGILITY

2009 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
HALUK DEMIRKAN ◽  
MICHAEL GOUL
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Service Orientation ◽  
Paradigm Shifts ◽  
Service Oriented Architectures ◽  
Services Computing ◽  
Business Environments ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Service Oriented

The service orientation — coupled with dynamic choreography of business processes, service oriented architectures and service oriented infrastructures — is a developing structure that carries with it the potential to improve agility in today's complex business environments. But because of the newness of the concept and the limited number of large-scale organizations ready or willing to be "early adopters," it is difficult to predict the organizational and technical impacts, understand the critical issues, or perform rigorous research on services computing. So, how should a company begin assessing the real impacts of these service orientation paradigm shifts? In this article, we established an integrated assessment process for creating an organizational roadmap to realize visions of how to deliver reliable, scalable enterprise processes built upon services-computing.

Workflow Management Systems in Distributed Environments

2011 ◽  
pp. 115-132
Author(s):  
Spyridon V. Gogouvitis ◽  
Kleopatra G. Konstanteli ◽  
Dimosthenis Kyriazis ◽  
Gregory Katsaros ◽  
Tommaso Cucinotta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Systems ◽  
Workflow Management ◽  
Scheduling Algorithms ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Distributed Environments ◽  
Advance Reservation ◽  
Workflow Management Systems ◽  
Service Oriented Architectures ◽  
Grid Environments ◽  
Service Oriented

With the advent of Service Oriented Architectures, more applications are built in a distributed manner based on loose coupled services. In this context, Workflow Management Systems play an important role as they are the means to both define the processes that realize the application goals as well as implement the orchestration of the different services. The purpose of the chapter is to give an overview of various solutions regarding workflow semantics and languages, as well as their enactment within the scope of distributed systems. To this end, major focus is given to solutions that are aimed at Grid environments. Scheduling algorithms and advance reservation techniques are also discussed as these are among the hottest research topics in Workflow Management Systems.

scholarly journals Logic programming as a service

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 846-873 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERTA CALEGARI ◽  
ENRICO DENTI ◽  
STEFANO MARIANI ◽  
ANDREA OMICINI
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Systems ◽  
Logic Programming ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
The Other ◽  
Service Oriented Architectures ◽  
Pervasive Systems ◽  
Architectural Model ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
The One

AbstractNew generations of distributed systems are opening novel perspectives for logic programming (LP): On the one hand, service-oriented architectures represent nowadays the standard approach for distributed systems engineering; on the other hand, pervasive systems mandate for situated intelligence. In this paper, we introduce the notion ofLogic Programming as a Service(LPaaS) as a means to address the needs of pervasive intelligent systems through logic engines exploited as a distributed service. First, we define the abstract architectural model by re-interpreting classical LP notions in the new context; then we elaborate on the nature of LP interpreted as a service by describing the basic LPaaS interface. Finally, we show how LPaaS works in practice by discussing its implementation in terms of distributed tuProlog engines, accounting for basic issues such as interoperability and configurability.

scholarly journals Evolution of HammerCloud to commission CERN Compute resources

2019 ◽  
Vol 214 ◽  
pp. 03033 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslava Schovancová ◽  
Alessandro Di Girolamo ◽  
Aristeidis Fkiaras ◽  
Valentina Mancinelli
Keyword(s):  
Distributed Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stress Testing ◽  
Stress Tests ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Standard Candle ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Early Phases ◽  
Prototype Phase ◽  
New Infrastructure

HammerCloud is a testing service and framework to commission, run continuous tests or on-demand large-scale stress tests, and benchmark computing resources and components of various distributed systems with realistic full-chain experiment workflows. HammerCloud, used by the ATLAS and CMS experiments in production, has been a useful service to commission both compute resources and various components of the complex distributed systems of the LHC experiments, as well as integral partof the monitoring suite that is essential for the computing operations of the experiments and their automation. In this contribution we review recent developments of the HammerCloud service that allow use of HammerCloud infrastructure to test Data Centre resources in the early phases of the infrastructure and services commissioning process. One of thebenefits we believe HammerCloud can provide is to be able to tune the commissioning of the new infrastructure, functional and also stress testing, as well as benchmarking with "standard candle" workflows, with experiment realistic workloads, that can be heavy for CPU, or I/O, or IOPS, or everything together. This extension of HammerCloud has been successfully usedin CERN IT during the prototype phase of the "BEER" Batch on EOS (Evaluation of Resources) project, and is being integrated with the continuous integration/continuous deployment suite for Batch service VMs.

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