Climate Change and Diseases of Plants and Animals

Home Garden is a complex sustainable land use system that combines multiple farming components of the homestead and provides environmental services, household needs, and employment and income generation opportunities to the households. Predicted climate changes have serious implications for crop and livestock yields particularly in tropical regions. Home garden may act as a cushion to the adverse climate shocks. There is dearth of in-depth study of home garden ecosystem in India. Authors selected 100 households in Garhbeta-1 block, which is in the dry zone in the district of Paschim Medinipur in West Bengal for this study. The main objectives of this chapter include: (a) identifying key characteristics of the home garden, (b) identifying the pattern of climate change from the household perceptions and the changes made in the home gardens. (c) identifying different diseases of plants and animals in home gardens in the study area (d) managing diseases of plants in home gardens, (e) identifying different problems/ constraints in home.

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Biodiversity and Impacts of Climate Change in Home Gardens

10.4018/978-1-6684-3686-8.ch071 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 1432-1453

Author(s):

Sebak Kumar Jana ◽

Joyashree Roy

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Home Gardens ◽

Home Garden ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Key Characteristics ◽

Dry Zone ◽

Depth Study ◽

Climate Shocks ◽

Made In

Home garden is a complex multi-functional land use system that combines multiple farming components of the homestead and provides environmental services, household needs, and employment and income generation opportunities to the households. Predicted climate changes have serious implications for crop and livestock yields particularly in tropical regions. Home garden may act as a cushion to the adverse climate shocks. There is dearth of in-depth study of home garden ecosystem in India. The authors have selected 100 households in Garhbeta-1 block, which is in the dry zone in the district of Paschim Medinipur in West Bengal, India for the study. The main objectives of the chapter include (1) identification of the key characteristics of the home garden, (2) assessing biodiversity in home gardens, (3) identifying the pattern of climate change from the household perceptions and the problems in home garden, and (4) the changes made in the home gardens.

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Biodiversity and Impacts of Climate Change in Home Gardens

Current State and Future Impacts of Climate Change on Biodiversity - Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-1226-5.ch007 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 113-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sebak Kumar Jana ◽

Joyashree Roy

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Home Gardens ◽

Home Garden ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Key Characteristics ◽

Dry Zone ◽

Depth Study ◽

Climate Shocks ◽

Made In

Home garden is a complex multi-functional land use system that combines multiple farming components of the homestead and provides environmental services, household needs, and employment and income generation opportunities to the households. Predicted climate changes have serious implications for crop and livestock yields particularly in tropical regions. Home garden may act as a cushion to the adverse climate shocks. There is dearth of in-depth study of home garden ecosystem in India. The authors have selected 100 households in Garhbeta-1 block, which is in the dry zone in the district of Paschim Medinipur in West Bengal, India for the study. The main objectives of the chapter include (1) identification of the key characteristics of the home garden, (2) assessing biodiversity in home gardens, (3) identifying the pattern of climate change from the household perceptions and the problems in home garden, and (4) the changes made in the home gardens.

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Extinction risk of narrowly distributed species of seed plants in Brazil due to habitat loss and climate change

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.7333 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. e7333 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

José Maria Cardoso da Silva ◽

Alessandro Rapini ◽

Luis Cláudio F. Barbosa ◽

Roger R. Torres

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Habitat Loss ◽

Extinction Risk ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Seed Plants ◽

Conservation Action ◽

Species Extinction ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Mitigation And Adaptation

In a world where changes in land cover and climate happen faster than ever due to the expansion of human activities, narrowly distributed species are predicted to be the first to go extinct. Studies projecting species extinction in tropical regions consider either habitat loss or climate change as drivers of biodiversity loss but rarely evaluate them together. Here, the contribution of these two factors to the extinction risk of narrowly distributed species (with ranges smaller than 10,000 km2) of seed plants endemic to a fifth-order watershed in Brazil (microendemics) is assessed. We estimated the Regional Climate Change Index (RCCI) of these watersheds (areas with microendemics) and projected three scenarios of land use up to the year 2100 based on the average annual rates of habitat loss in these watersheds from 2000 to 2014. These scenarios correspond to immediate conservation action (scenario 1), long-term conservation action (scenario 2), and no conservation action (scenario 3). In each scenario, areas with microendemics were classified into four classes: (1) areas with low risk, (2) areas threatened by habitat loss, (3) areas threatened by climate change, and (4) areas threatened by climate change and habitat loss. We found 2,354 microendemic species of seed plants in 776 areas that altogether cover 17.5% of Brazil. Almost 70% (1,597) of these species are projected to be under high extinction risk by the end of the century due to habitat loss, climate change, or both, assuming that these areas will not lose habitat in the future due to land use. However, if habitat loss in these areas continues at the prevailing annual rates, the number of threatened species is projected to increase to more than 85% (2,054). The importance of climate change and habitat loss as drivers of species extinction varies across phytogeographic domains, and this variation requires the adoption of retrospective and prospective conservation strategies that are context specific. We suggest that tropical countries, such as Brazil, should integrate biodiversity conservation and climate change policies (both mitigation and adaptation) to achieve win-win social and environmental gains while halting species extinction.

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Sustainable land use for adaptation to long term impacts of climate change in Himalaya

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1307/6/34/342007 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (34) ◽

pp. 342007

Author(s):

Prakash Chandra Tiwari

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Sustainable Land Use ◽

Impacts Of Climate Change

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Carbon Sequestration in Agroforestry Technologies as a Strategy for Climate Change Mitigation

10.5772/intechopen.100036 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lazaro Elibariki Nnko

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Carbon Sequestration ◽

Climate Change Mitigation ◽

Mitigation Strategy ◽

Home Garden ◽

Ecological Survey ◽

Agroforestry Technology ◽

Change Mitigation ◽

Agroforestry Technologies

Worldwide agroforestry has been recognized as a potential greenhouse gases mitigation strategy under Kyoto protocol. And this is due to its potential in carbon sequestration. There are several agroforestry technologies with different rate in carbon sequestration. In that respect carbon sequestration can depend on type of technology, climate, time since land use change and previous land use. Our knowledge in this topic from the tropical countries such as Tanzania is how ever very limited. To address this challenge this study was undertaken in Kilombero District where the local community are practicing various agroforestry technologies. The objective of this study was to understand the carbon sequestration in different trees species in agroforestry technologies and also to understand which agroforestry technology provide the greatest benefit in term of carbon sequestration. Ecological survey was conducted and a total of 90 plot engaged in different agroforestry technologies were randomly selected from three villages of different altitudinal range. Pivot table was used in analysis and allometric equation was used for computing biomass and carbon. The result shows that Mangifera indica contributed highest carbon over all the tree species encountered during ecological survey with 189.88 Mg C ha−1. Home garden, Mixed intercropping, Parkland and Boundary with 19 514.19 MgCha−1, 648.44MgCha−1,144.79 MgCha−1 and 139.29 Mg C ha−1 respectively were the agroforestry technology practiced in Kilombero. From the results Home garden contributed more to carbon sequestration and this study results can be used to inform practitioners and policy makers on the most effective agroforestry technologies for carbon sequestration since agroforestry technologies are expected to play important role as climate change mitigation strategy.

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Sustainable Land Use and Watershed Management in Response to Climate Change Impacts

Land Use, Climate Change and Biodiversity Modeling ◽

10.4018/978-1-60960-619-0.ch016 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 328-348

Author(s):

Nguyen Kim Loi

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Decision Making ◽

Land Use ◽

Watershed Management ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Sustainable Land Use ◽

Management Approach ◽

Global Changes ◽

Paradigm Shifts ◽

Methodology Development

With the changes in climatic, biophysical, socio-cultural, economic, and technological components, paradigm shifts in natural resources management are unavoidably and have to be adapted/modified to harmonize with the global changes and the local communities’ needs. This chapter focuses on sustainable land use and watershed management in response to climate change impacts. The first part covers some definitions and background on sustainable land use, watershed management approach, and sustainable watershed management. The second part describes the use of the Geographic Information System (GIS) and Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) model focusing on the framework for a planning and decision making, computer-based system for supporting spatial decisions. The mathematical programming has been reviewed focusing on optimization algorithms that include optimization modeling and simulation modeling for decision making. Finally, the example of methodology development for sustainable land use and watershed management in response to climate change in Dong Nai watershed, Vietnam is presented.

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Sustainable Land Use and Watershed Management in Response to Climate Change Impacts

Geographic Information Systems ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-2038-4.ch124 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 2080-2101

Author(s):

Nguyen Kim Loi

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Decision Making ◽

Land Use ◽

Watershed Management ◽

Climate Change Impacts ◽

Sustainable Land Use ◽

Management Approach ◽

Global Changes ◽

Paradigm Shifts ◽

Methodology Development

With the changes in climatic, biophysical, socio-cultural, economic, and technological components, paradigm shifts in natural resources management are unavoidably and have to be adapted/modified to harmonize with the global changes and the local communities’ needs. This chapter focuses on sustainable land use and watershed management in response to climate change impacts. The first part covers some definitions and background on sustainable land use, watershed management approach, and sustainable watershed management. The second part describes the use of the Geographic Information System (GIS) and Spatial Decision Support System (SDSS) model focusing on the framework for a planning and decision making, computer-based system for supporting spatial decisions. The mathematical programming has been reviewed focusing on optimization algorithms that include optimization modeling and simulation modeling for decision making. Finally, the example of methodology development for sustainable land use and watershed management in response to climate change in Dong Nai watershed, Vietnam is presented.

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Effect of agricultural practices on terrestrial isopods: a review

ZooKeys ◽

10.3897/zookeys.801.24680 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 801 ◽

pp. 63-96

Author(s):

Catherine Souty-Grosset ◽

Ariel Faberi

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Sustainable Land Use ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Chemical Pollution ◽

Soil Biodiversity ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Terrestrial Isopods ◽

The Impact

Terrestrial isopods (approximately 3700 known species in the world) are encountered in temperate and tropical regions, from the seashore to high altitudes and from floodplain forests to deserts. They are known to contribute to soil biodiversity. Environmental factors and anthropogenic actions, particularly land use changes such as primarily agricultural practices, and urbanization affect soil biodiversity and their functions. Human practices, such as soil tillage, pesticide application, chemical pollution, along with soil acidification adversely affect isopod abundance and diversity. It is thus important to recognise the vital contributions of soil biodiversity in support of environmental quality protection through maintaining soil functions and their significance to sustainable land use. This review will also deal with recent studies attempting to evaluate the impact of returning to an environmentally friendly agriculture by restoring refuge habitats such as grass strips, hedges, and woodlands for terrestrial isopods.

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Spatiotemporal patterns of global land use change: Understanding processes and drivers

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-14471 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Karina Winkler ◽

Richard Fuchs ◽

Mark Rounsevell ◽

Martin Herold

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Land Surface ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Spatiotemporal Patterns ◽

Sustainable Land Use ◽

Environmental Drivers ◽

Climate Mitigation ◽

Global Land

Land use change is a major contributor to greenhouse gas emissions and biodiversity loss and, hence, a key topic for current sustainability debates and climate change mitigation. To understand its impacts, accurate data of global land use change and an assessment of its extent, dynamics, causes and interrelations are crucial. However, although numerous observational data is publicly available (e.g. from remote sensing), the processes and drivers of land use change are not yet fully understood. In particular, current global-scale land change assessments still lack either temporal consistency, spatial explicitness or thematic detail. Here, we analyse the patterns of global land use change and its underlying drivers based on our novel high-resolution (~1x1 km) dataset of global land use/cover (LULC) change from 1960-2019, HILDA+ (Historic Land Dynamics Assessment+). The data harmonises multiple Earth Observation products and FAO land use statistics. It covers all transitions between six major LULC categories (urban areas, cropland, pasture/rangeland, forest, unmanaged grass-/shrubland and no/sparse vegetation). On this basis, we show (1) a classification of global LULC transitions into major processes of land use change, (2) a quantification of their spatiotemporal patterns and (3) an identification of their major socioeconomic and environmental drivers across the globe. By using temporal cross-correlation, we study the influence of selected drivers on processes such as agricultural land abandonment, deforestation, forest degradation or urbanisation. With this, we are able to map the patterns and drivers of global land use change at unprecedented resolution and compare them for different world regions. Giving new data-driven and quantitative insights into a largely untouched field, we identify tele-coupled globalisation patterns and climate change as important influencing factors for land use dynamics. Learning from the recent past, understanding how socio-economic and environmental factors affect the way humans use the land surface is essential for estimating future impacts of land use change and implementing measures of climate mitigation and sustainable land use policies.

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