National Culture Influence on Organisational Trauma

2020 ◽  
pp. 238-262
Author(s):  
Pavel Cejka ◽  
Hana Mohelska
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
World Value Survey ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Culture Influence ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Extra Stress

Increasing human interaction creates extra stress on individuals and organisations as well. The nature of such stress results in economic shocks and large societal and organisational traumas. Although recent social science is capable of addressing the complexity of international interplay such as culture, acts of multinational corporations or cross-cultural team management, little attention was paid on the cultural aspects of removing organisational trauma. Since the 1980s, social science has experienced lively development in cross-cultural studies via the work of Hofstede, the Globe Group, the World Value Survey initiative, Trompenaars, Schwartz and others. Although major models are sufficient for defining national culture, there is lack of work explaining the managerial implications for crisis management or mitigating trauma in organisations.The authors of this chapter intend to critically review the latest literature on national culture, while discussing the relevant models and introducing the theoretic framework applicable for crisis/ trauma management.

National Culture Influence on Organisational Trauma

2017 ◽  
pp. 162-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Cejka ◽  
Hana Mohelska
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
World Value Survey ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Culture Influence ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Extra Stress

Increasing human interaction creates extra stress on individuals and organisations as well. The nature of such stress results in economic shocks and large societal and organisational traumas. Although recent social science is capable of addressing the complexity of international interplay such as culture, acts of multinational corporations or cross-cultural team management, little attention was paid on the cultural aspects of removing organisational trauma. Since the 1980s, social science has experienced lively development in cross-cultural studies via the work of Hofstede, the Globe Group, the World Value Survey initiative, Trompenaars, Schwartz and others. Although major models are sufficient for defining national culture, there is lack of work explaining the managerial implications for crisis management or mitigating trauma in organisations.The authors of this chapter intend to critically review the latest literature on national culture, while discussing the relevant models and introducing the theoretic framework applicable for crisis/ trauma management.

On the Need to Include National Culture as a Central Issue in E-Commerce Trust Beliefs

2009 ◽  
pp. 384-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gefen ◽  
Tsipi Heart
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Central Issue ◽  
National Cultures ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Trust Beliefs ◽  
International Phenomenon ◽  
The U.S

Trust and trust beliefs (trustworthiness) are key to e-commerce success but depend, to a large extent, on culture. With e-commerce being an international phenomenon, understanding the cross-cultural aspects of trust creation is therefore arguably required although mostly ignored by current research which deals almost exclusively with the U.S. This exploratory study examines whether definitions of trust beliefs as conceptualized and verified in the U.S. apply in Israel which differs markedly in individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and power distance. The data, crossvalidating the scale of trust and its antecedents in both cultures, generally support the proposition that trust beliefs apply across cultures, and may be a relatively unvarying aspect of e-commerce. However, as expected, the effects of predictability and familiarity on trust beliefs may differ across national cultures. Implications about the need to include national culture in the research on trust, in general, and in e-commerce in particular, are discussed.

scholarly journals CROSS-CULTURAL ASPECTS OF BEHAVIOR IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Bokovets ◽  
Nataliia Korzh ◽  
Lyudmila Davidyuk
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
International Business ◽  
Personal Space ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Business Efficiency ◽  
Moral Attitudes ◽  
Cultural Features ◽  
Business Relations

It is noted that knowledge of all cross-cultural aspects of behavior in international business, namely understanding the national characteristics of people's behavior in different countries, value systems, negotiation patterns, traditions and customs, increase business efficiency and enable mutual understanding during business negotiations and meetings.The article considers the approaches to determining the role of the cultural factor, the importance of national culture in planning international activities and conducting international business. It is considered that religion seriously affects the nature of business relations, moral attitudes of employees, appearance, consumer behavior and work schedules. The parameters that allow to identify cultural differences between countries are considered and a number of universal elements of behavior in international business, knowledge of which is important for effective cooperation and communication. The significant influence of cross-cultural aspects of behavior on activities in international business is determined. The necessity of research of such parameters of national culture as religion, language, attitude to formalities and importance of personal space in business relations is substantiated. It is also noted that an important parameter in doing business is language. Knowledge of the language of foreign partners increases the efficiency of communication, promotes better communication.It is indicated that an important parameter is the understanding of social and personal space. After all, in different countries there is a certain business distance between the partners, which must be observed in order not to create certain inconveniences. The importance of international business etiquette and its main categories is revealed, as well as the code of business communication, ie a number of rules that must be followed to establish strong relationships between foreign partners. Knowing all the cultural features of the partner country will allow you to establish a strong business relationship. Having studied the parameters that determine the cultural features of the country, a number of universal elements that need to be known to establish cooperation at the international level are presented.

Islamic work ethics and individualism in managing a globalized workplace: Does religiosity and nationality matter?

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad A Alam ◽  
Nadeem Talib
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Significant Interaction Effect ◽  
Work Ethics ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
Stratified Sample

AbstractThe integration of work ethic theories with religious beliefs and Hofstede’s national culture typology implies that Islamic work ethics peculiarly support social symbiosis and collectivism. On the contrary, present globalized workplace is pragmatically driven by individualism. To sort out these concerns, this cross-cultural study links Islamic work ethics to individualism at globalized workplace and examines the moderating influence of employee religiosity and nationality. A stratified sample of 307 employees from leading multinational corporations operating in United States, Saudi Arabia, United Kingdom and Pakistan participated in the study. The study found a strong positive relationship between Islamic work ethics and individualism, and no significant interaction effect of employee nationality and religiosity was observed. Together, the findings suggest that Islamic work ethics advocate a great deal of individualism, and can benefit the multinational corporations in managing their diversified workforce with a view to get maximum advantage of the opportunities offered by globalization.

Barriers Expatriates Encounter During Cross-Cultural Interactions

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 239-261
Author(s):  
Wen-Hsiang Lai ◽  
Ching-Wen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Cultural Adjustment ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Cultural Issues ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Cross Cultural Communication ◽  
Cultural Interactions

In the era of globalization, cross-cultural issues have been widely discussed. However, research concerning cultural barriers expatriates face in foreign subsidiaries are relatively rare. Hence, the aim of this study is to investigate and prioritize barriers that expatriates encounter during cross-cultural interactions. This study integrates a review of the literatures and experts’ experiences to construct an analytic hierarchy process (AHP) model. AHP questionnaires were distributed to multinational corporations (MNCs) and were analyzed using Expert Choice software. This study finds that national culture bonded barriers are the most critical factors that hinder expatriates’ cross-cultural interactions with the host country. In addition, the sub-factors of ethnocentrism, headquarter strategy and cross-cultural communication are the most important factors within the categories of national culture bonded barriers, organizational barriers and individual rooted barriers, respectively. Finally, this study concludes that because cultural barriers are the main factors causing the failures of expatriates, it is crucial for MNCs to provide their employees with cross-cultural trainings that prepare expatriates’ language and cultural abilities for cross-cultural interactions with the host country and non-work social networks to facilitate the cross-cultural adjustment in MNCs.

scholarly journals Los contenidos socioculturales de los actos de habla: el contexto del usuario ideal en cuestionarios de hábitos sociales

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-296
Author(s):  
Diana Bravo
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Applied Linguistics ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Spanish Language ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Cambridge University ◽  
Cross Cultural Study ◽  
Pragmatic Failure ◽  
Actos De Habla ◽  
Cultural Pragmatics

ResumenEn este trabajo se aborda la problemática de la universalidad de los actos de habla (Searle, ([1969]1980. Actos de habla. Madrid: Cátedra Visor.) y de su relación con las amenazas a la imagen social (cf. Placencia y Bravo, 2002. Actos de habla y cortesía en español. London: LINCOM; ; Bravo y Briz, 2004. Pragmática sociocultural: estudios del discurso de cortesía en español. Barcelona: Ariel). Dentro de los estudios de orientación pragmática de mayor difusión entre los académicos, encontramos dos posiciones, por un lado la de autores como Leech (([1983] 1988). Principles of Pragmatics. London: Longman.) y Brown y Levinson ([1978] 1987. Politeness. Some Universals in Language Use. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.), que asumen que determinados actos de habla serían inherentemente amenazantes para la mantención de la imagen social (face); por otro, la de Thomas ((1983). Cross-cultural pragmatic failure. Applied Linguistics, 4 (2), pp. 91–112.), Wierzbicka ((1991). Cross-cultural pragmatics. The Semantics of Human Interaction. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.) y Blum-Kulka, S. y Olshtain, E. ((1984). Request and apologies: a cross-cultural study of speech act realization patterns (CCSARP). Applied Linguistics, (5), pp. 196–213.), entre otros, para quienes la percepción de los mismos actos en distintas culturas estaría influida por factores socioculturales, de manera que los actos de habla no serían per se amenazantes, sino que esta condición dependería de su interpretación en contexto. Creemos que los actos se describen de modo distinto dependiendo de cuál sea el contexto del usuario ideal, término que refiere al uso habitual de la lengua en su contexto situacional y sociocultural. Por ello sostenemos que no basta con interpretar los actos con la sola ayuda de la bibliografía y de las propias intuiciones, sino que es necesario consultar al usuario de la lengua. En este artículo nos enfocaremos en justificar una metodología de recogida de datos socio-pragmáticos que establece relaciones directas entre los actos y los hábitos sociales de sus usuarios. Nos basaremos en un método de consulta usado por varios autores, el cuestionario de hábitos sociales (cf. Hernández Flores, (2002). La cortesía en la conversación española de familiares y amigos. La búsqueda de equilibrio entre la imagen del hablante y la imagen del destinatario. Tesis doctoral. Aalborg: Aalborg Universitet. Recuperado de http://edice.asice.se/?page_id=305, y Bernal y Hernández Flores, (2016). Variación socio-pragmática en la enseñanza del español: aplicación didáctica de un cuestionario de hábitos sociales. Journal of Spanish Language Teaching, 3 (2), pp. 114–126.).

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