Challenges in the Informal Sector

2020 ◽  
pp. 346-377
Author(s):  
Abena Owarewaa Koramoah ◽  
Grace Abban-Ampiah
Keyword(s):  
Informal Sector ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
West African ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Access To Finance ◽  
The West ◽  
Macroeconomic Indicators ◽  
Successful Entrepreneurs ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
Poor Management

Owing to the highly competitive and volatile business environment, companies in the West African markets face significant challenges. This study was conducted to examine the challenges faced in the marketplace in Ghana by successful entrepreneurs. Accra was intentionally sampled for the analysis of four successful entrepreneurs from the Makola market. Findings revealed that access to finance, high competition, instability in macroeconomic indicators, poor management competences, lack of skilled labor and deficiencies in marketing strategies are the major factors confronting the survival of entrepreneurs in the marketplace. The results provide insights into the important and current challenges facing entrepreneurs in the informal sectors. Recommendations were made to help overcome the challenges faced by business people in their operations.

Slow reform may hurt West African monetary bloc's rise

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
West African ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Economic And Monetary Union ◽  
The West ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Income Status ◽  
Sub Saharan

Subject Prospects for the West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) Significance Economic growth in WAEMU reached 6.1% in 2016, outperforming peer regional blocs including its closest rival, the East Africa Community (EAC), which (excluding South Sudan) grew by 5.8%. However, business environment reforms lag those of the rest of sub-Saharan Africa, which could dampen longer-term growth. Impacts Despite recent progress, growth rates need to increase above 7% for at least 20 years for the zone to reach middle-income status. The structural depreciation of Nigeria's naira could erode regional integration as importing within the zone becomes more expensive. Security fears in Ivory Coast could shift investors' focus to Senegal -- despite Yamoussoukro's recent eurobond success.

The Puzzling Paradox Presented within the African Supranational Judicial Institutions: The ECOWAS Court of Justice

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 86-109
Author(s):  
Kehinde Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
West African ◽  
African Region ◽  
The West ◽  
Political Will ◽  
National Courts ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
West African Region

The judgments of the ECOWAS Court, which are final and immediately binding, are vital for the realisation of ECOWAS aims and objectives. The enforcement of its judgments is particularly important in the case of individuals whose enjoyment of fundamental human rights, as guaranteed under the ECOWAS Community laws, is dependent on effective enforcement. Yet, an existential puzzling paradox emanates through a poor record in the implementation of the ECOWAS Court's judgments. This problem, which is not limited to the West African region deserves scrutiny and concrete proposals. Legal and political considerations surface in assessing the existence of this paradox, and despite the lack of a consistent political will, to implement the decisions of ECOWAS Court relevant judicial actors have roles to play. National courts could take a bolder approach in complementing the work of the ECOWAS Court. The ECOWAS Court itself could put in place concrete mechanisms and adopt certain practices to address this poor record of non-implementation. It is yet to be seen how substantive mechanisms would work in practice.

Development and Operation of Ebola Diagnostic Laboratories Led By Public Health England in Sierra Leone during the West African Ebola Outbreak 2013-2015

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Bailey ◽  
Jane Shallcross ◽  
Christopher H. Logue ◽  
Simon A. Weller ◽  
Liz Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sierra Leone ◽  
West African ◽  
The West

Cryptic Lineages of Nigerian Agama (Squamata: Agamidae) within the West African Radiation

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotanna M. Nneji ◽  
Adeniyi C. Adeola ◽  
Fang Yan ◽  
Agboola O. Okeyoyin ◽  
Ojo C. Oladipo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West African ◽  
The West

Innovative Marketing Strategies for Select E-Commerce Companies in India - A Review.

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar Bhanja ◽  
P.C Tripathy
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Digital Marketing ◽  
Customer Base ◽  
Innovative Methods ◽  
Online Shoppers ◽  
Drastic Increase

Innovation is the key to opportunities and growth in today’s competitive and dynamic business environment. It not only nurtures but also provides companies with unique dimensions for constant reinvention of the existing way of performance which enables and facilitates them to reach out to their prospective customers more effectively. It has been estimated by Morgan Stanley that India would have 480 million shoppers buying products online by the year 2026, a drastic increase from 60 million online shoppers in the year 2016. E-commerce companies are aggressively implementing innovative methods of marketing their product offerings using tools like digital marketing, internet of things (IoT)and artificial intelligence to name a few. This paper focuses on outlining the innovative ways of marketing that the E-Commerce sector implements in orders to increase their customer base and aims at determining the future scope of this area. A conceptual comparative study of Amazon and Flipkart helps to determine which marketing strategies are more appealing and beneficial for both the customers and companies point of view.

Some Grievances of the West African Medical Staff

BMJ ◽  
1904 ◽  
Vol 1 (2257) ◽  
pp. 806-807
Author(s):  
G. R. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Medical Staff ◽  
West African ◽  
The West
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