Homo Informaticus

2020 ◽  
pp. 48-81
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Learning Styles ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Cognitive Limitations ◽  
External Data ◽  
Organization Member ◽  
The Individual

This chapter discusses the concept of homo informaticus—the individual organization member that performs complex cognitive processes, engages in decision making and satisfying of informing needs, and designs and evaluates information systems. Discussed are cognitive processes of thinking, feeling, perceiving, memorizing/memory recalling, and learning. These cognitive processes are involved in the fundamental informing process that starts with perception of external data, continues with applying knowledge to data, and ends with inferring information (meaning). Homo informaticus is typified based on Karl Jung's psychology and Kolb's learning styles. The discussion also addresses cognitive limitations. Memory is limited in volume and content, perception is prone to illusions, and thinking is susceptible to biases. These limitations influence the outcomes of informing, learning, and decision making.

Homo Informaticus

2014 ◽  
pp. 34-66
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Learning Styles ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Historical Context ◽  
Cognitive Limitations ◽  
External Data ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Learning Types ◽  
Knowledge Memory

This chapter discusses the concept of homo informaticus—the individual organization member framed in the IVO perspective. Homo informaticus is a cognitive microcosm that performs complex cognitive processes, engages in decision making and satisfying of informing needs, and designs and evaluates information systems (IS). Discussed are cognitive processes of thinking, feeling, perceiving, memorizing/memory recalling, and learning. These cognitive processes are involved in the fundamental informing process that starts with perception of external data, continues with applying knowledge to data, and ends with inferring information (meaning). The perspective of key cognitive processes enriches the informing model: perception is driven by previous knowledge, memory retrieval is engaged, and thinking is an overall driver, engaging both ratio and emotions. The discussion addresses cognitive limitations. Memory is limited in volume and content, perception is prone to illusions, and thinking is susceptible to biases. These limitations influence the outcomes of informing (information created) and learning (knowledge acquired). Decision making is affected as well, as indicated in its various models that reveal non-rational aspects. It is argued that homo informaticus is subject to informing (information) needs and actively seeks to satisfy them. Several models addressing this topic are examined. The chapter also covers cognitive and learning types that can be used for understanding the diversity characterizing homo informaticus. Karl Jung's typology is coupled with the dimensions of data scope, location, and processing mode. Kolb's learning styles are discussed in turn. Furthermore, the system evaluation capability of homo informaticus is demonstrated in the context of system adoption models. Finally, the system design capability is discussed in the historical context of Scandinavian experience.

An Architecture for the Integration of Decision Making Support Functionalities

2011 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guisseppi A. Forgionne
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Intelligent Systems ◽  
Support Systems ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Executive Information Systems ◽  
Robust Decision Making ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Decision Making Support

Various information systems have evolved to support the decision making process. There are decision support systems (DSS), executive information systems (EIS), artificially intelligent systems (AIS), and integrated combinations of these systems. Each of the individual systems supports particular phases and steps of the decision making process, but none of the individual systems supports the entire process in an integrated and complete manner. The integrated systems alleviate the support deficiencies, and each of the integration approaches has specific advantages and disadvantages. By studying these advantages and disadvantages, researchers and practitioners can better design, develop, and implement robust decision making support systems. This chapter facilitates such study by presenting and illustrating the underlying information system architectures for robust decision making support.

Using Goal Directed Task Analysis with Army Brigade Officer Teams

2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 472-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheryl A. Bolstad ◽  
Jennifer M. Riley ◽  
Debra G. Jones ◽  
Mica R. Endsley
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Situation Awareness ◽  
Task Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Cognitive Task Analysis ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Team Members ◽  
The Individual

A greater understanding of team cognitive processes can be facilitated by identifying the individual goals of the team members and their situation awareness (SA) requirements. In some environments, such as military operations, the shear complexity, size, and composition of the team make this research quite challenging. Using a form of cognitive task analysis, we have developed an approach to address some of these team issues. In this paper we discuss the use of goal directed cognitive task analysis (GDTA) to obtain an accurate depiction of the SA requirements and key goals for several brigade officers. We further discuss how this information is being used to address team issues such as designing systems for enhancing team performance and decision making with Army brigade officers.

scholarly journals May Schools Develop Their Students' Intuition?

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Jordi Villoro i Armengol ◽  
Santiago Estaún i Ferrer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Significant Variable ◽  
Statistical Point ◽  
Business World ◽  
Personal Profile ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Training Background

<p class="Textoindependiente21">The main purpose of the research has been to dictate the role intuition plays in the decision-making of undergraduate marketing students.</p><p class="Textoindependiente21">The study and process of decision-making has always been focused on statistics and mathematics by the business world and universities, while most psychological aspects have been avoided.</p><p class="Textoindependiente21">In recent years emotions, cognitive processes, intuition, etc., have increased their importance in the decision-making process; but they still have a long way to go.</p><p class="Textoindependiente21">The research, which this article is based on, has been performed under a sample of 404 individuals aged 20 to 25 years; half of which are marketing students in ESIC Business &amp; Marketing School. Their decisions are analysed and compared with other collectives to observe if the information is an accurate significant variable for their decision-making.</p><p class="Textoindependiente21">A questionnaire was administered to the participants in which they were asked the possible success or failure of specific products if they were to be launched on the market. These products were real and chosen by marketing experts.</p><p class="Textoindependiente21">The participation of the individual in physical, cultural, etc. activities was also taken into account as well as their personal profile and psychographic data.</p><p>The results obtained vary significantly from a statistical point of view and prove that training, background, participations on social activities and the perception of one's intuitive capacity are keys to success when it comes to decision-making.</p>

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

DECISION-MAKING ON INVESTMENT OF IT-INNOVATION BASED ON FUZZY EXPERT INFORMATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 103-111
Author(s):  
Olga Olegovna Eremenko ◽  
Lyubov Borisovna Aminul ◽  
Elena Vitalievna Chertina
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Investment Management ◽  
It Projects ◽  
Product Model ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
Reasoning System ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
The Individual

The subject of the research is the process of making managerial decisions for innovative IT projects investing. The paper focuses on the new approach to decision making on investing innovative IT projects using expert survey in a fuzzy reasoning system. As input information, expert estimates of projects have been aggregated into six indicators having a linguistic description of the individual characteristics of the project type "high", "medium", and "low". The task of decision making investing has been formalized and the term-set of the output variable Des has been defined: to invest 50-75% of the project cost; to invest 20-50% of the project cost; to invest 10-20% of the project cost; to send the project for revision; to turn down investing project. The fuzzy product model of making investment management decisions has been developed; it adequately describes the process of investment management. The expediency of using constructed production model on a practical example is shown.

The transformation of the decision-making process on the part of economic agents influenced by social constraints

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1202-1222
Author(s):  
M.V. Grechko ◽  
L.A. Kobina ◽  
S.A. Goncharenko
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Consumer Choice ◽  
Social Constraints ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Economic Knowledge ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Contextual Environment ◽  
Economic Constraints ◽  
External Signals

Subject. The article focuses on the decision-making mechanism used by economic agents given the existing social constraints. Objectives. We devise applied toolkit to study how socio-economic constraints transform the decision-making mechanism used by economic agents. Methods. The study involves means of the expert survey, the method that streamlines economic knowledge. Results. Social constraints are illustrated to influence the decision-making mechanism used by economic agents, assuming that the individual mind relies on specific mechanisms to make judgments and decisions. Generally, the mechanisms are very useful, however they may generate serious errors during the decision-making process. Given the social constraints, economic agents were found to follow four mental models to make their decisions in case of the full or partial uncertainty, i.e. the representative relevance, accessibility, relations, heuristics (modeling). Conclusions and Relevance. The scientific ideas herein show that the inner architecture of a choice an individual makes determines his or her decisions. The decisions often depend on the contextual environment that gives external signals perceived by the individual while evaluating alternative ways. The findings can possibly be used as a mechanism to manage the consumer choice.

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