Holding Healthcare Systems Accountable

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-144
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Quality Improvements ◽  
Show Evidence

Statistically, there are data that support the persistent existence of health disparities in the United States. Should healthcare systems and facilities be held accountable by their state and the federal government to show evidence of improvements in recognizing and resolving disparities experienced by vulnerable populations receiving care within their organizations? The answer to this question is yes. If healthcare systems consistently produce data indicative of poor health outcomes for vulnerable populations, interventions should be identified to improve healthcare delivery and quality. Improvements in the health status of all Americans is contingent upon a united front by all Americans in ending health disparities.

scholarly journals Understanding and Promoting Racial Diversity in Healthcare Settings to Address Disparities in Pandemic Crisis Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110183
Author(s):  
Azza Sarfraz ◽  
Zouina Sarfraz ◽  
Alanna Barrios ◽  
Kuchalambal Agadi ◽  
Sindhu Thevuthasan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Clinical Training ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Minority Group ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
The United States ◽  
Majority Group

Background: Health disparities have become apparent since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. When observing racial discrimination in healthcare, self-reported incidences, and perceptions among minority groups in the United States suggest that, the most socioeconomically underrepresented groups will suffer disproportionately in COVID-19 due to synergistic mechanisms. This study reports racially-stratified data regarding the experiences and impacts of different groups availing the healthcare system to identify disparities in outcomes of minority and majority groups in the United States. Methods: Studies were identified utilizing PubMed, Embase, CINAHL Plus, and PsycINFO search engines without date and language restrictions. The following keywords were used: Healthcare, raci*, ethnic*, discriminant, hosti*, harass*, insur*, education, income, psychiat*, COVID-19, incidence, mortality, mechanical ventilation. Statistical analysis was conducted in Review Manager (RevMan V.5.4). Unadjusted Odds Ratios, P-values, and 95% confidence intervals were presented. Results: Discrimination in the United States is evident among racial groups regarding medical care portraying mental risk behaviors as having serious outcomes in the health of minority groups. The perceived health inequity had a low association to the majority group as compared to the minority group (OR = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.78; P = .007), and the association of mental health problems to the Caucasian-American majority group was low (OR = 0.51; 95% CI = 0.45 to 0.58; P < .001). Conclusion: As the pandemic continues into its next stage, efforts should be taken to address the gaps in clinical training and education, and medical practice to avoid the recurring patterns of racial health disparities that become especially prominent in community health emergencies. A standardized tool to assess racial discrimination and inequity will potentially improve pandemic healthcare delivery.

Race-Based Medicine and Justice as Recognition: Exploring the Phenomenon of BiDil

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOON-HO YU ◽  
SARA GOERING ◽  
STEPHANIE M. FULLERTON
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Healthcare Access ◽  
The United States ◽  
Racial Health Disparities ◽  
Biological Meaning ◽  
Based Medicine ◽  
Biological Differences

In the United States, health disparities have been framed by categories of race. Racial health disparities have been documented for cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, and numerous other diseases and measures of health status. Although such disparities can be read as symptoms of disparities in healthcare access, pervasive social and economic inequities, and discrimination, some have suggested that the disparities might be due, at least in part, to biological differences based on race. Or, to be more precise, if race itself has no determined biological meaning, race may nonetheless be a proxy that collects a group of individuals who share certain physiological or genotypic features that affect health.

An American Perspective of the Dental and Public Health Initiatives in Cuba

2021 ◽  
pp. 232020682110301
Author(s):  
Colleen Watson ◽  
Laura Rhein ◽  
Stephanie M. Fanelli
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
United States ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health System ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
National Health ◽  
National Health System ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
The Us

Aim: To compare following the Cuban Revolution, Cuba’s economy and civil society was transformed by the initiation of a program of nationalization and political consolidation. The Cuban government operates a national health system and assumes fiscal and administrative responsibility for the healthcare of its citizens. Other industrialized nations continue to surpass the US in health-related outcomes indicating areas of improvement in its healthcare system. Assessing the successes and failures as well as the advantages and disadvantages of other countries’ healthcare systems may be instrumental in the development of modifications to the organization and delivery system of healthcare in the US. This paper aims to report the information attained from previous literature as well as from first-hand observations from a public health trip to Cuba in order to compare the healthcare systems in Cuba and the United States. Materials and Methods: A group of New York University College of Dentistry faculty and students traveled to Cuba in April 2019 for professional research and professional meetings (CFR 515.564). While in Cuba, the researchers took written notes of the lecture-based material and conversations. Upon return to the United States, published literature was searched for the collection of any additional data and all qualitative data and quantitative data was compiled and organized. Since 1959, Cuba has made continuous adjustments and improvements to its universal, free and accessible healthcare system. Results: There have been notable improvements to the country’s public health status, such as the implementation of an immunization program and subsequent eradication of communicable diseases, such as polio and rubella. Additionally, the implementation of the National Program on Dentistry guarantees dental care to all Cuban children under the age of 19. Today, the Cuban National Health System (NHS) initiatives have evolved to combat the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Conclusion: Recognizing the advantages as well as the disadvantages of the Cuba’s National Health System (NHS) would be useful for future policymakers in the United States. Cuban approaches to health could be tailored to the United States environment to improve healthcare effectiveness and population health status in the future.

scholarly journals Health disparities among highly vulnerable populations in the United States: a call to action for medical and oral health care

2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 20644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison A. Vanderbilt ◽  
Kim T. Isringhausen ◽  
Lynn M. VanderWielen ◽  
Marcie S. Wright ◽  
Lyubov D. Slashcheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oral Health Care ◽  
Call To Action

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Cancer Screening in the United States

Esculapio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
Sonikpreet Aulakh ◽  
Asher Chanan Khan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Healthcare Services ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
Systematic Evaluation ◽  
The Us

COVID-19 pandemic has exposed vulnerabilities all across the global healthcare systems including those within the United States. A systematic evaluation of these soft spots has been crucial in order to reengineer the healthcare system for enhanced competences and superior quality of care. One area that has been undoubtedly affected is the diagnosis and management of neoplastic diseases. The healthcare system in the US witnessed an instantaneous implementation of a “social distancing” strategy, which was implemented in an effort to flatten the infectivity “curve”. This required an urgent modification in the general administration of healthcare delivery, independent of COVID-19 infection status of a patient. For the non-COVID patients, it meant a shift from in-person to a virtual administration platform.''(Royce et al., 2020) Neither the healthcare providers, nor the patients, or the hospital management were adequately prepared for this sudden transition. Various healthcare services offered through these healthcare systems were required to be triaged based upon patients' assessment of needs into either emergent, urgent or routine/non- urgent. Patients seeking services that fell in the non- urgent/routine clinical visits were encouraged to stay home until the pandemic simmered down/resolved. This strategy was erroneously predicated on a rather short anticipated duration of the pandemic. As expected, cancer screening visits were deemed non- urgent and thus most healthcare facilities in and outside the US suspended these services, inadvertently compromising the timely diagnosis of neoplastic disorders.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pandemic: Disparate Health Impact on the Hispanic/Latinx Population in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 222 (10) ◽  
pp. 1592-1595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Macias Gil ◽  
Jasmine R Marcelin ◽  
Brenda Zuniga-Blanco ◽  
Carina Marquez ◽  
Trini Mathew ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Disparities ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
Vulnerable Populations ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
The World ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract In December 2019, a novel coronavirus known as SARS-CoV-2, emerged in Wuhan, China, causing the coronavirus disease 2019 we now refer to as COVID-19. The World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic on 12 March 2020. In the United States, the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed preexisting social and health disparities among several historically vulnerable populations, with stark differences in the proportion of minority individuals diagnosed with and dying from COVID-19. In this article we will describe the emerging disproportionate impact of COVID-19 on the Hispanic/Latinx (henceforth: Hispanic or Latinx) community in the United States, discuss potential antecedents, and consider strategies to address the disparate impact of COVID-19 on this population.

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