The Impact of National Culture Dimensions on the Adoption of Cross-Border E-Commerce

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 91-112
Author(s):  
Isaac Kofi Mensah ◽  
Guohua Zeng ◽  
Chuanyong Luo
Keyword(s):  
Power Distance ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Chinese Sample ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Performance Expectancy ◽  
Culture Dimensions ◽  
Effort Expectancy ◽  
The Impact

This study integrated the cultural dimensions such as power distance, collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity, and long-term orientation into the UTAUT to examine the comparative impact of cultural dimensions on the adoption of cross-border e-commerce between the Chinese and Russian citizens. The data analysis was conducted with SPSS and Smart PLS 3.0. The results indicate that power distance, collectivism, and long-term orientation respectively were significant predictors of performance expectancy and effort expectancy of cross-border e-commerce for both Chinese and Russian citizens. Uncertainty avoidance and masculinity were also found to determine the performance expectancy of cross-border e-commerce. However, while uncertainty avoidance and masculinity were significant determinants of the effort expectancy of cross-border e-commerce in the context of the Russia sample, it was not so for the Chinese sample. In addition, performance expectancy and social influence were positive predictors of the intention to use cross-border e-commerce for both Chinese and Russia samples.

scholarly journals HOFSTEDE’S CULTURE VALUES SURVEY IN ALBANIAN PRIVATE HOSPITALS

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Irma Gjana ◽  
Xhimi Hysa
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
Private Hospitals ◽  
Dimension Score ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of this paper is to highlight the changes that Albanian cultural dimensions’ scores have undergone over time. Hofstede’s Value Survey Module 2013 (VSM 2013) has been applied to examine the six dimensions of culture; power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance, long term orientation and indulgence. The survey data (N=387) was collected in the two largest private hospitals in Albania. Globalization, technological developments, economical flourishing and crisis, war and peace, influence the shifting of national cultural dimensions’ scores toward negative or positive values [1]. In this study we aim to show the shifting of Albanian culture value scores in time, and compare the results with the ones predicted by the researchers of the field. The results obtained show a negative shift on Albanian culture dimension score of power distance, individualism, long term orientation and indulgence, and a positive shift on masculinity and uncertainty avoidance values. Implications for researchers of the field are discussed in the paper.

scholarly journals Relationships of Cultural Dimensions and Lactation Patterns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Alidadi Shamsabadi ◽  
Mitra Savabi-Esfahani ◽  
Ali Hashemianfar
Keyword(s):  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level

Abstract Background Proper nutrition is essential for infant growth and health. Exclusive breastfeeding is the best pattern for feeding infants in the first 6 months of life. On the other hand, lactation patterns may be influenced by cultural factors. The present study aimed to determine relationships of cultural dimensions and lactation patterns.Methods The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 452 mothers with 6-month and younger infants. Hofstede's cultural dimensions, Power Distance, Individualism vs. collectivism, Masculinity vs. Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance, Long-Term vs. Short-Term Orientation, and Indulgence vs. Restraint were assessed using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using descriptive and analytical tests (independent t-test, Eta, phi and Cramer coefficients) and SPSS 18 at a significance level of less than 0.05.Results In the masculinity-femininity dimension, the mean score of exclusive breastfeeding pattern was higher than the non-exclusive breastfeeding (3± 0.48, 2.48±0.50) and there were statistical significant differences between groups (P = 0.03). However, despite different mean scores of power distance, individualism-collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, long term- short term orientation, indulgence- restraint in different breastfeeding patterns, the differences were not statistically significant.Conclusions Masculinity-femininity as a cultural dimension was associated with lactation patterns, so that mothers with greater orientation towards masculinity had higher focus on gender roles of a woman such as breastfeeding and they had greater exclusive breastfeeding. Therefore, some cultural dimensions should be taken into consideration in training and counseling for maternal breastfeeding.

scholarly journals The Impact of Cultural Dimensions on Islamic Students’ Attitude Towards Problem-Based Learning

2016 ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Esti Zaduqisti
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Multiple Regression Analysis ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Sampling Inspection ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
The Impact

The current study aims to examine the impact of cultural dimensions (i.e., collectivism, power distance, uncertainty avoidance, and masculinity) on students’ attitude towards problem-based learning. The design of the current study was a correlational survey, wherein participants were recruited by means of a convenient sampling. Inspection of a multiple regression analysis (N = 549) revealed that collectivism and masculinity positively corresponded with the attitudes. In particular, we found that that the higher the level of collectivism and masculinity, the more students supported the implementation of problem-based learning. In contrast, uncertainty avoidance was negatively related to the attitude in such a way that the higher this cultural dimension, the less students supported problem-based learning. Power distance was the only predictor that did not significantly predict students’ attitude towards problem-based learning. These findings overall suggest the importance of taking into account the characteristics of norms and values people hold within a country that might contribute to the success, feasibility, and  suitability of problem-based learning. Theoretical implications and study limitations of the current findings are discussed, as are practical strategies highlighting on how to deal with cultural potentials and pitfalls in an attempt to promote problem-based learning.

scholarly journals Personal Entrepreneurial Attributes and Intentions to Start Business: The Moderating Role of Culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Danish Haider Naqvi ◽  
Danish Ahmed Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intentions ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
Moderating Role

Culture influence the entrepreneurial intentions, which make a contribution to entrepreneurial evolution. This study investigates that whether (Hofstede, Dimensionalizing Cultures: The Hofstede Model in Context, 2001) cultural dimensions has a moderating role in converting Personal Entrepreneurial Attributes into their Intention to Start a Business. To measure these attributes, we applied bounded multidimensional model of social entrepreneurship as proposed by (Weerawardena & Mort, 2006) and applied by (Richter, et al., 2016). The effect of three Entrepreneurial Attributes namely risk taking, innovativeness and pro-activeness along with other demographic variables were tested against entrepreneurial intensions (EI). Their effect was moderated by five cultural dimensions namely Masculinity, Power Distance, Long-Term Orientation, Collectivism, and Uncertainty Avoidance. Data of 272 respondents from Pakistan was collected using close ended questionnaire and was analysed using Confirmatory factor analysis and structured equation modelling by means of path model which specifies various constructs of this study. The results suggested that risk taking and pro-activeness had a positive and significant effect on EI, whereas innovativeness doesn’t seem to effect EI. This imply that risk takers and proactive individuals are more inclined towards entrepreneurship than innovators. With regards to cultural dimensions, Masculinity, Power Distance, and Collectivism seems to negatively affect EI, whereas Long-Term Orientation, and Uncertainty Avoidance seems to effect positively. Interestingly, Collectivism and Masculinity have positive and significant complementarities with innovativeness, whereas Uncertainty Avoidance have negative and significant effect. This means innovativeness does seem to effect EI in collective and masculine culture. This also suggested that innovators would be more inclined in converting their ideas into workable projects in collective decision making and hierarchical cultural settings. Conversely, Uncertainty Avoidance, seem to restrict Entrepreneurial aspirations in innovators. Cultural variable doesn’t seem to have a significant moderation effect with regards to risk taking, except of Long Term Orientation, that have significant negative complementarities. Surprisingly, Masculinity, and Collectivism had and significant negative moderating effect with pro-activeness and EI, whereas Long Term Orientation and Uncertainty Avoidance have a significant positive interaction. This suggested that hierarchical culture deter proactive people in fulfilling their EI, at the same time, encourage innovators. With regards to demographics, male seems to have more EI, whereas the coefficient of education and age found that advanced education and experienced individuals believes in development, increasingly slanted toward entrepreneurship. Frames of mind to completing the expectations are poor in entrepreneurship.

The effect of individual cultural values and phantasy on risky investment intention

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Selim Aren ◽  
Hatice Nayman Hamamci
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Unconscious Processes ◽  
Risky Investment ◽  
Investment Intentions ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThis study aims to examine the impact of conscious and unconscious processes on risky investment intention. In this framework, the effect of individual cultural values and phantasy on risky investment intentions was investigated. In addition, the mediating role of phantasy in the relationship between individual cultural values and risky investment intentions was also analyzed.Design/methodology/approachData were collected between May 14, 2020 and June 01, 2020, when our graduate students voluntarily shared the online survey link on their social networks. In this way, 1,934 people in total answered the questionnaire. To test the study model, structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed using the AMOS program. In addition, ANOVA and independent sample t-test analyses were conducted using the SPSS program to analyze whether individual cultural values and risky investment intent differ according to demographic variables.FindingsAccording to the analysis results, power distance, collectivism, masculinity and long-term orientation are seen as antecedents of phantasy. While a positive relationship was found between power distance, collectivism and risky investment intention, a negative relationship was found between uncertainty avoidance and risky investment intention. Statistical findings regarding the mediating effect of phantasy on the relationship between individual cultural values and risky investment intentions were also determined. In addition to these, the differences in individual cultural values and risky investment intentions according to age, education level, sex and marital status were investigated. Individuals with the highest uncertainty avoidance level were in the 41–50 age group. Individuals with the highest long-term orientation level were individuals aged 41 and over. Individuals with the lowest risky investment intentions were in the +51 age group. Collectivism and power distance did not differ according to age. There were no differences in the relevant variables according to the level of education. Males have higher levels of risky investment intention, power distance, masculinity and collectivism than females, and married individuals have higher levels of uncertainty avoidance, masculinity and collectivism than singles.Originality/valueThis study is the first to investigate the impact of conscious and unconscious processes on risky investment intentions together. On the other hand, the number of studies empirically investigating the relationship between phantasy and risky investment intention is quite limited, and the authors have also provided the findings for the existence of a relationship between these two variables.

Cultural factors that influence the adoption of e-commerce: A Palestinian case study

2021 ◽  
pp. 026666692110068
Author(s):  
Khaled S. Rabayah ◽  
Mohammed Maree ◽  
Saadat M. Alhashmi
Keyword(s):  
Technology Acceptance ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Orientation Data ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
The Impact

The objective of this study is to explore the impact of various cultural dimensions on the acceptance of E-commerce in the Palestinian context. The developed theoretical framework is a modified version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), wherein the trust, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use act as mediators for the intention to use E-commerce. As such, five cultural dimensions were employed in the proposed model. These are; uncertainty avoidance, power distance, masculinity, collectivism, and long-term orientation. Data was collected from a non-probabilistic sample of 418 participants using a pre-tested and validated questionnaire. Findings demonstrate that the hypothesized model was able to explain 62% of the variability of the intention towards the use of E-commerce. In particular, they signify a strong correlation between acceptance of E-commerce and the domestic culture of consumers, where uncertainty avoidance and power distance are the most vital cultural dimensions influencing the decision to transact online.

Gender Differences in Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Among a Kuwaiti Sample

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S503-S504 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. AlAnezi ◽  
B. Alansari
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Cronbach’S Alpha ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Cronbach's Alpha

IntroductionHofstede's model of cultural dimensions has become the most widely accepted and most frequently cited model for cross-cultural research. His cultural dimensions included power distance index (PDI), individualism vs. collectivism (IDV), masculinity vs. femininity (MAS), uncertainty avoidance index (UAI), and long-term vs. short-term orientation (LTO).ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to explore gender related differences in the Hofstede's five dimensions of national culture for work-related values among a sample from Kuwait.MethodsThe participants were 540 first year secondary school Kuwaiti teachers (270 males: mean age = 28.95 ± 2.47; 270 females: mean age = 28.20 ± 2.04). The Arabic version of the Values Survey Module, VSM 08 was administered to participants. Data analysis include independent sample t-test was used to examine gender differences in Hofstede's five dimensions of national culture.ResultsInternal consistency was satisfactory for the Power Distance, Individualism vs. Collectivism, Masculinity vs. Femininity, Uncertainty Avoidance, and Long-term vs. Short-term Orientation subscales respectively (Cronbach's alpha = 0.82, 0.84, 0.90, 0.74, 0.87) for males and (Cronbach's alpha = 0.77, 0.90, 0.83, 0.80, 0.88) for females. The results revealed significant gender differences where the males obtained a higher score than females on individualism (t = 2.95, P < 0.002), and masculinity (t = 2.77, P < 0.005), while females obtained a higher score than males on power distance (t = 4.48, P < 0.000), and long-term orientation (t = 4.13, P < 0.000).ConclusionThese findings suggest that the gender differences exist for cultural dimensions, and provide insight on leadership characteristics.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Culture and profitability: empirical evidence at a European level

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 580-588
Author(s):  
Maria Manuela Martins ◽  
Ilídio Tomás Lopes
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
National Cultures ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Lower Uncertainty

Organizational cultures distinguish different organizations within the same country or countries. When comparing the organizations within the same country differences in national cultures are not relevant but become relevant in comparison between different countries. This paper intends to evidence whether the profitability of companies can be influenced by the national culture. In order to characterize the culture of each country, we used the Hofstede measure of cultural dimensions (1. Power Distance (PDI); 2. Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI); 3. Individualism (IDV); 4. Masculinity (MAS); 5. Long-Term Orientation (LTO); and 6. Indulgence vs Restraint (IND)). Sample was based on the 500 largest European companies rated by the Financial Times 2015. Profitability was measured by the ratios Return on Assets (ROA) and Return on Equity (ROE). Statistical tests were performed to test whether the means of the variables used to measure profitability are statistically equal. The results indicate that companies with higher profitability are from countries with lower Power Distance, lower Uncertainty Avoidance, Long-Term Orientation, and Higher Indulgence

scholarly journals Illicit Trade and Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-74
Author(s):  
Cassandra E. DiRienzo ◽  
Jayoti Das
Keyword(s):  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Illicit Trade ◽  
Structural Capacity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Lower Uncertainty ◽  
Practical Implications

AbstractResearch purpose. Growth of illicit trade has markedly increased and caused damage to a multitude of economic, socio-economic and environmental outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of Hofstede’s country cultural dimensions on the attitudes towards illicit trade and the political will to counter the crime across countries.Design/Methodology/Approach. The 2018 Global Illicit Trade index published by the Economics Intelligence Unit for 62 countries is empirically analysed. Six hypotheses are built and tested across Hofstede’s six cultural dimensions.Findings. The results indicate that countries that are culturally more individualistic, have greater uncertainty avoidance and have a stronger long-term orientation have a stronger structural capacity to protect against illicit trade on average.Originality/Value/Practical implications. In reference to originality, the paper adds to the scarce research on the fight against global illicit trade and empirically explores the role that culture plays in driving the attitudes towards illicit trade and the political will to fight the crime. In reference to practical implications, anti-illicit policy initiatives are likely to be more challenging in collectivist countries with lower uncertainty avoidance and a short-term orientation. Policymakers need to tailor their anti-illicit trade efforts in these countries as these societies will not likely place the same value on countering illicit trade as the countries that are culturally more individualistic, have greater uncertainty avoidance and have a strong long-term orientation.

scholarly journals CULTURE INFLUENCE TOWARDS INTENTION OF TAX NON-COMPLIANCE AMONG SME OWNERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-132
Author(s):  
Nor Zuhairatun Md Radzi
Keyword(s):  
Power Distance ◽  
National Income ◽  
Northern Region ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Uncertainty Avoidance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Multicultural Society ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Culture Influence

The importance of SME as backbone of Malaysia in generating national income is undoubtedly. However, little has been focused on culture influence as one of the determinants of tax non-compliance. With the multicultural society which having different culture, belief and value, it is important to examine culture influence towards tax non-compliance. Therefore, this study attempts to examine the influence of culture towards intention of tax non-compliance using the framework of Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions Theory as basis of the study. The survey has collected data of 248 usable SME owners from northern region of Peninsular Malaysia. Findings reveal that power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance and long-term orientation are significantly related with intention of tax non-compliance. Suggestions for policy makers and future researchers are also highlighted.    

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