Impact of Immersion and Realism in Driving Simulator Studies

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Despina Michael ◽  
Marios Kleanthous ◽  
Marinos Savva ◽  
Smaragda Christodoulou ◽  
Maria Pampaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Driving Simulator ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Driving Simulators ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Black Spots ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Test Scenarios ◽  
Local Road

Driving simulators emerged as a promising technology for the analysis of driving conditions and road users' behaviour in an attempt to tackle the problem of road accidents. The work presented herein demonstrates the design and development of a driving simulator that aims to contribute towards evaluating black spots in road networks by promoting rapid design of realistic models and facilitating the specification of test scenarios. A reliable driving simulator should be able to reproduce the driver's behaviour in a realistic way. In this study the authors examine different setups of the simulator to define the one that achieves highest levels of reliability. The chosen setup is then used to evaluate the impact of distractors (e.g. billboards) on driving behaviour of local road users for a chosen black spot in Limassol, Cyprus. Data collected from the experiments are analysed, and the main findings are presented and discussed.

Road barriers: modern solutions for improving traffic safety

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accident ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Mechanical Damage ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Energy Absorbing ◽  
The Impact

Improving the system of preventive measures aimed at reducing the severity of the consequences of road accidents is an urgent task. Road deaths are constantly increasing and there is a need for a comprehensive approach to creating safe road conditions. The purpose of this study is to analyze the promising designs of road barriers designed to prevent uncontrolled exit of vehicles from the roadway of the highway and to develop the design of energy-absorbing fencing. Barrier barriers must not only be safe for road users, but must also ensure their safety, as well as preserve the elements after hitting the fence. Analytical studies have shown that in order to reduce mechanical damage to vehicles and reduce the severity of injuries to the driver and passengers, it is necessary to develop a road fence design that allows you to extinguish the impact energy at the moment of contact between the car and the fence. Keywords: fencing, barrier, safety, traffic accident

scholarly journals Alcohol and Road Accidents Involving Pedestrians as Unprotected Road Users

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8995
Author(s):  
Dorota Lasota ◽  
Ahmed Al-Wathinani ◽  
Paweł Krajewski ◽  
Krzysztof Goniewicz ◽  
Witold Pawłowski
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Documentation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Excessive Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Road Users ◽  
The Impact

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than half of all road fatalities involve vulnerable road users, i.e., pedestrians, cyclists, and motorcyclists. Poland is classified as one of the European Union (EU) countries marked by low road safety, with a higher frequency of accidents involving pedestrians compared to other EU countries (31% of all fatalities). Among unprotected road users, a significant group of victims are pedestrians, who are often under the influence of alcohol. This study aims to analyze the impact of alcohol on the risk of occurrence and consequences of road accidents among pedestrians. The source of data was the medical documentation of the Department of Forensic Medicine of the Medical University of Warsaw. In more than half of pedestrian deaths, the presence of alcohol was found; regardless of the place of the event and the place of death, among the victims under the influence of alcohol, males dominated; the average age of the victims under the influence of alcohol was significantly lower compared to the average age of sober victims, with younger victims being significantly more likely to die at the scene of the accident, especially in rural areas; significantly higher alcohol concentrations were found in males, in victims who died at the scene of the accident, and with victims of accidents in rural areas. Among pedestrian traffic accident fatalities, the most numerous group comprised young men under the influence of alcohol. In rural areas, a higher percentage of pedestrian victims died at the scene as a result of excessive alcohol consumption. These areas should be subject to intensive preventive measures to increase the safety of pedestrians as unprotected road users.

Development of Road Safety Sustainability Model for Malaysian Road

2014 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
pp. 235-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Oluwole Arowolo ◽  
J.M. Rohani ◽  
Mat Rebi Abdul Rani
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Policy Decision ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Major Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sustainability Model

Road accidents are a major problem in both developed and developing countries, although related to different historical reasons and circumstances. The clear, common feature is the impact caused by three major factors: use of the automobile, road infrastructure and the road users (human factor), this has generated interest from researchers and academia. Most research has been limited in scope, while some researchers used secondary data, some use official reports, experimental investigation through system approach. The inability to recognize the complexity of factors that affect this issue may explain why we have conflicting results obtained by different researchers. The purpose of this paper was to develop a sustainable road safety model that is based on concurrent research, including: Human factors, Vehicle factors and Road factors. A sustainable approach was taken in evaluating relationships among the various factors and indicators thereby proposing a model that can serve as a tool for benchmarking and policy decision. Keywords: Road Safety; performance; Indicators; Human Factors; Sustainability

scholarly journals Road Accidental Analysis and Identify the Black Spot

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 871-876
Author(s):  
Jaffar Hussian Meer ◽  
Sukhdeep Singh ◽  
Komalpreet Singh
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Black Spots ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Adverse Influence ◽  
Capital Development

The increase in motor vehicles accompanied with expansion of roads has brought with it the challenge of addressing the adverse influence of road traffic accidents. Road incidents are a nationwide cataclysm with ever increasing trend which incurs a human health and development challenge and highly affect the human capital development of every nation. A mortality rate database (WHO, 2002) assures that India has highest number of accidents. Accident Black Spots are those locations on the road which have higher severity of accident either in terms of numbers or in terms of injuries. In this paper, efforts have been made to identify the location of accident black spots on national highway from singhpora pattan to panthachowk srinagar.The present era accidents are contributing major deaths worldwide due to increase in vehicular traffic.It has been estimated that every year 1.38 lakh lose their limbs and 6 lakh people get injured in road accidents in india.our country incurs a loss of 58000 crore each year due to road accidents. The most used roads to travel from jalandhar in punjab to uri in kashmir is NH-1A.The old name for NH-44 is NH-1A which was replaced after renumbering of all national highways in year 2010. In this report,the analysis includes study of some major accident spots or busy intersections in the NH-1A in between Pantha chowkh Srinagar to Singhpora Pattan.The study includes visiting sites,collecting required data for analysis and derives the results and remedies from what we had got. This report will be containing the material surveyed,pictures of road at different locations ,road details,figures,material for understanding of the unknown and finally the conclusion

scholarly journals Prioritization of Black Spots in Hilly Road Segment using Road Engineering Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 4418-4422
Keyword(s):  
Black Spot ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Engineering ◽  
The Road ◽  
Black Spots ◽  
Accident Data ◽  
On The Road

Road accidents are one of the causes of disability, injury and death. As per the latest road accident data released by the Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH), the total number of accidents increased by 2.5 percent from 4,89,400 in 2014 to 5,01,423 in 2015. The analysis reveals that about 1,374 accidents and 400 deaths take place every day. Every single year, it has been estimated that over three lakh persons die and 10-15 million persons are injured in road accidents throughout the world. According to the analyses, statistics of global accident indicate that in developing countries, the rate of fatality per licensed vehicle is very high as compared to that of industrialized countries. A road stretch of about 500 metres in length in which either ten fatalities or five road accidents (involving grievous injuries/fatalities) took place during last three calendar years, on National Highways is considered as a road accident black spot according to MoRTH, Government of India. In the present study the identified black spots of Haridwar and Dehradun city were included comprising of a total of 81 black spots out of which there were 49 black spots which were identified in Dehradun followed by 32 black spots in Haridwar. The present study was an attempt to carry out the prioritization of these identified blackspots with respect to the factors that were considered to evaluate accident prone locations on the road. The identified black spots were then prioritized using the classification scheme (ranking from low to high).The study reveals that the advantage of using this approach for prioritizing accident black spots on roads is that it requires very less additional data other than the road network maps.

scholarly journals Identification of Road Accident by using Black Spot Method Between Panthaghati to Dhalli Road

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 723-728
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
Black Spots

In India road accidents are very serious problem because of large population and high traffic density of vehicles. Most of the road accidents occur mainly due to the negligence of driver and poor infrastructure only a few accidents occur due to the technical error of vehicles. The main purpose of this research paper is prevention of road traffic accidents and improvement of road safety in Shimla. Road safety is very important aspect of today’s life, so it is important that everybody should aware about road safety. To do this study a section of 12km length is chosen between Panthaghati to Dhalli in district Shimla on NH 5 where accidents black spots are identified for the section by analyzing secondary data used to prevent road accidents. In this study primary data is used for observing the road conditions and secondary data is used to find accidents black spot. Black Spot is a point or a place on the road where road accident occurs repeatedly one after another which is known as accident black spot. To identify these black spots we use weighted severity index (WSI) method. It is one the most reliable and effective method for determining the most proven accidents black spots. Shimla is a hilly area and it has narrow roads, blind curve and black spots which increase the chances of road traffic accidents. In past recent years road traffic accidents are increasing in Shimla and this study deals with identification of major issues causing road traffic accidents. This research paper helps to improve the road safety in Shimla because in this study the analysis has been done to identify the major problems responsible for gradually increasing road accidents. This research paper is also used in future research paper as reference purpose and it will also provide an overview to other researchers who want do their research on similar kind of topics.

scholarly journals Determination of the types of road accidents at roundabouts

2021 ◽  
Vol 341 ◽  
pp. 00059
Author(s):  
Vladimir Rassokha ◽  
Nikolai Nikitin ◽  
Yulia Savina
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Vulnerable Road Users ◽  
Crash Types ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The main purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the prevailing types of accidents at roundabouts. The relationship was revealed between certain types of accidents, the place of their occurrence, and the configuration of the roundabout. The study analyzed 321 accidents at 19 ring intersections. Four predominant crash types were identified: rear-end collision, collision with vulnerable road users, side swipe collision, and entering circulate collision. The greatest number of accidents occurred at the weaving lane and at the entrances and exits of the roundabout. Dividing the ring intersections into separate sections to determine the location of the accident allows drawing conclusions on the nature of road traffic accidents and the impact of the roundabout design on safety.

scholarly journals Analisa Kebutuhan Ruang Pandangan Bebas Pada Perlintasan Sebidang Tanpa Palang Pintu Di Desa Gelam, Kabupaten Sidoarjo

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-21
Author(s):  
Nugroho Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Road Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Warning Sign ◽  
Road Vehicles ◽  
Road Users ◽  
Commercial Area ◽  
Road Type ◽  
The One ◽  
Railway Crossing ◽  
Local Road

Railway crossing are amongst the most complex of road safety handling systems, due to the conflicts between road vehicles and rail infrastructure operations. Railway crossing until now is still become the one of major accident cause for road users. Mainly caused by indiscipline acts of road users when pass a railway crossing such as opening an illegal crossing, trespassing closed crossing gate and unaware road users. In the area that growing into an industrial and commercial area, the origins of road network that is local road type changed to collector road type. This roads transformation affected to appears of unprotected railway level crossings which existing railways and roads are closed to each other. In Province of East Java especially at Sidoarjo Municipality there are two railway crossing which indicating to this serious matters located at JPL 69 Gelam 1 and JPL 70 Gelam 2. These two railway crossing showing an incomplete standard safety facilities which required such as railway warning sign and others. By this urgency, paperwork is held to discussing about standard safety facilities identifications and analyzing availability of clear visible zone according with Guidance of Technically Design of Railway Crossing. As a results explained that JPL 69 Gelam 1 is not recommended for safety reasons and JPL 70 Gelam 2 is recommended with several conditions that must be equipped.

scholarly journals Accident Analysis and Identification of Black Spots on the Motorways in Pakistan - a Reliability Analysis Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 692-702
Author(s):  
Muhammad Hussain ◽  
Jing SHI ◽  
Yousaf Ali
Keyword(s):  
Reliability Analysis ◽  
Black Spot ◽  
Road Accident ◽  
Analysis Approach ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
Drowsy Driving ◽  
Late Night ◽  
Black Spots ◽  
Accident Data

The objective of this study is to explore the contributory factors responsible for road accidents and identifies the black spots on the three motorways; M1 (Peshawar-Islamabad), M2 (Islamabad-Lahore), and M3 (Pindi BhattianFaisalabad) in Pakistan. Five years’ road accident data was obtained from the National Highways and Motorway Police (NHMP), Pakistan. The database of this study included six hundred road accidents on a total of 574 kilometers long routes of M1, M2 and M3. The reliability analysis approach was used to locate black spot locations on each motorway. For the visualization and mapping of black spots on each motorway, a Geographic Information System (GIS) was used. The results explored that vehicle condition was the significant contributory factor responsible for the maximum number of road accidents on M1 and M3, while for M2, it was drowsy driving. It is also found that a maximum number of road accidents on M2 and M3 occurred in late-night, while for M1, it was day timing. Furthermore, road accidents were relatively higher in May-July and December on M1 and M2, which shows that extreme weather influences the occurrence of road accidents. On the contrary, no substantial variation of road accidents was examined for M3 month-wise. Finally, black spots on each motorway were located and their georeferenced coordinates were presented for future use. As a result, precautionary measures and provisions are suggested for concerned authorities to mitigate road safety problems.

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