scholarly journals Bivalve Molluscs: Barometers of Climate Change in Arctic Marine Systems

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mann ◽  
D.M. Munroe ◽  
E.N. Powell ◽  
E.E. Hofmann ◽  
J.M. Klinck
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Bivalve Molluscs ◽  
Marine Systems

scholarly journals Individual-based eco-evolutionary models for understanding adaptation in changing seas

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1962) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Xuereb ◽  
Quentin Rougemont ◽  
Peter Tiffin ◽  
Huijie Xue ◽  
Megan Phifer-Rixey
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Adaptive Potential ◽  
Marine Systems ◽  
Individual Based Models ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
Genetic Responses ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Effective Conservation

As climate change threatens species' persistence, predicting the potential for species to adapt to rapidly changing environments is imperative for the development of effective conservation strategies. Eco-evolutionary individual-based models (IBMs) can be useful tools for achieving this objective. We performed a literature review to identify studies that apply these tools in marine systems. Our survey suggested that this is an emerging area of research fuelled in part by developments in modelling frameworks that allow simulation of increasingly complex ecological, genetic and demographic processes. The studies we identified illustrate the promise of this approach and advance our understanding of the capacity for adaptation to outpace climate change. These studies also identify limitations of current models and opportunities for further development. We discuss three main topics that emerged across studies: (i) effects of genetic architecture and non-genetic responses on adaptive potential; (ii) capacity for gene flow to facilitate rapid adaptation; and (iii) impacts of multiple stressors on persistence. Finally, we demonstrate the approach using simple simulations and provide a framework for users to explore eco-evolutionary IBMs as tools for understanding adaptation in changing seas.

A Decision Framework for Coastal Infrastructure to Optimize Biotic Resistance and Resilience in a Changing Climate

BioScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 833-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Mayer-Pinto ◽  
Katherine A Dafforn ◽  
Emma L Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Biotic Resistance ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Ecological Theory ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Marine Systems ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
Ecological Theories

Abstract Coastal ecosystems are under growing pressure from human activities such as pollution and climate change. Although the rapidly growing numbers of humans living in coastal areas is a large part of the problem, there is great opportunity to improve the resistance and resilience of biotic communities via creative changes to the engineering design of built infrastructure. Here, we apply ecological theories to create a framework for adaptive building in marine systems that can be applied by managers worldwide. We explain how climate effects could be mitigated across different spatial scales with both physical and biological interventions. This requires an approach based on ecological theory that incorporates our understanding of how systems withstand (resistance) or recover (resilience) from impacts and takes into account future local and global environmental conditions. By translating ecological theory into practical application, we propose a framework for the choice and design of coastal infrastructure that can underpin effective, forward-looking conservation strategies.

Climate change can drive marine diseases

2020 ◽  
pp. 83-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colleen A. Burge ◽  
Paul K. Hershberger
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Marine Ecosystem ◽  
Ecosystem Processes ◽  
Passive Movement ◽  
Changing Environment ◽  
Marine Systems ◽  
Pathogen Virulence ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Ecological Changes

As an ultimate driver of marine ecosystem processes, climate change is expected to influence proximate disease drivers in marine systems. The observable effects of climate change, including changes in temperature, hypoxia, CO2 accumulation, precipitation, and storm and cyclone frequencies and intensities, may directly act as proximate drivers of marine disease, especially in poikilotherms. These climate-driven changes are expected to result in the active and passive movement of pathogens and hosts into previously naïve geographical areas, thereby disrupting the long-evolved, stable host–pathogen relationships. Additionally, large-scale ecological changes stemming from climate change are expected to impact pathogen virulence and host susceptibilities. These real and anticipated changes present evolving challenges for resource managers who are charged with managing stochastic marine diseases in a constantly changing environment.

Adaptation strategies to climate change in marine systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. e1-e14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana D. Miller ◽  
Yoshitaka Ota ◽  
Ussif Rashid Sumaila ◽  
Andrés M. Cisneros-Montemayor ◽  
William W. L. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Adaptation Strategies ◽  
Marine Systems

Coral reefs in the modern world

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. C. Sheppard ◽  
Simon K. Davy ◽  
Graham M. Pilling ◽  
Nicholas A. J. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Industrial Pollution ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Nutrient Pollution ◽  
Sewage Pollution ◽  
Sea Temperature ◽  
Coral Diseases ◽  
Marine Systems ◽  
Limestone Rock

Today coral reefs, perhaps more than other marine systems, are suffering from numerous pressures. As a result, many have collapsed as functioning ecosystems. Nutrient pollution, sewage pollution, industrial pollution, landfill, coral diseases and diseases of other important groups of organisms, as well as over-extraction of fish, invertebrates and even the limestone rock itself, have all contributed to the demise of over one-third of the world’s reefs. More recently, climate change, notably causing a sea temperature rise, which in turn has led to coral bleaching and the death of component corals, has added to the stress imposed on this ecosystem. In the future, ocean acidification, sea level rise and an increase in the frequency and severity of storms will add further stress. Many of these factors interact, making the precise responses of reefs to these changes very complex.

scholarly journals Mountain law and climate change

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Viorica Jelev
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Mountain Area ◽  
Marine Systems ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Snow And Ice

       This paper presents 22 indicators used to put into evidence the actual global warming trends. The indicators are the outputs of a detailed research activities performed by scientists from all over the world. These 22 indicators were divided into eight separate categories: atmosphere and climate; glaciers, snow and ice; marine systems; terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity; water; agriculture; economy; human health. Some specific mountain area aspects are relieved with Mountai Low in Romania. 

scholarly journals The impacts of climate change in coastal marine systems

2006 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher D. G. Harley ◽  
A. Randall Hughes ◽  
Kristin M. Hultgren ◽  
Benjamin G. Miner ◽  
Cascade J. B. Sorte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Marine Systems ◽  
Coastal Marine ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change
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