An Analysis of Embodied Carbon between Different Types of Residential Buildings in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 450-451 ◽  
pp. 1557-1561
Author(s):  
Lei Yuan ◽  
Jun Yuan Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Embodied Carbon ◽  
Different Types

An Analysis of Embodied Carbon between Different Types of Residential Buildings in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 450-451 ◽  
pp. 1557-1561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Yuan ◽  
Jun Yuan Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Information Model ◽  
Lifecycle Assessment ◽  
Building Information Model ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Embodied Carbon ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Building Information

Using the method of lifecycle assessment (LCA) and building information model (BIM), this paper compares quantitatively the embodied carbon levels of three typical residential buildings: a five-storied townhouse, a fourteen-storied medium high-rise and a thirty-storied high-rise. This study consequently finds out that, in a specific period (i.e. from cradle to site), the medium high-rise emits the least embodied carbon and therefore is preferable in this respect.

scholarly journals Comparison of Mechanical Properties of Normal and Fibre Reinforced Concrete (Grade M15)

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
Sagar Bista ◽  
Sagar Airee ◽  
Shikshya Dhital ◽  
Srijan Poudel ◽  
Sujan Neupane
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Steel Fibre ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Cement Concrete ◽  
Normal Concrete ◽  
Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Cracking Control ◽  
Different Types

Concrete is weak in tension, hence some measures must be adopted to overcome this deficiency as well as to enhance physical and other mechanical properties but in more convenient and economical method. Through many research from the past, it has been observed that addition of different types of fibres has been more effective for this purpose. This report presents the work undertaken to study the effect of steel and hay fibre on normal cement concrete of M-15 Grade on the basis of its mechanical properties which include compressive and tensile strength test and slump test as well. Although hay fibres are abundantly available in Nepal, no research have been popularly conducted here regarding the use of hay fibres in concrete and the changes brought by it on concrete’s mechanical properties. Experiments were conducted on concrete cubes and cylinders of standard sizes with addition of various percentages of steel and hay fibres i.e. 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% by weight of cement and results were compared with those of normal cement concrete of M-15 Grade. For each percentage of steel and hay fibre added in concrete, six cubes and six cylinders were tested for their respective mechanical properties at curing periods of 14 and 28 days. The results obtained show us that the optimum content of fibre to be added to M-15 grade of concrete is 0.5% steel fibre for compression and 0.5% hay fibre content for tension by weight of cement. Also, addition of steel and hay fibres enhanced the binding properties, micro cracking control and imparted ductility. In addition to this, two residential buildings were modeled in SAP software, one with normal concrete and other with concrete containing 0.5% steel fibre. Difference in reinforcement requirements in each building was computed from SAP analysis and it was found that 489.736 Kg of reinforcement could be substituted by 158.036 kg of steel fibres and decrease in materials cost of building with 0.5% steel fibre reinforced concrete was found to be Rs. 32,100.

Parametric study of the impact of building envelope systems on embodied and operational carbon of residential buildings

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amneh Hamida ◽  
Abdulsalam Alsudairi ◽  
Khalid Alshaibani ◽  
Othman Alshamrani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Base Case ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Embodied Carbon ◽  
Block Wall ◽  
Shading Device ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Total Life

PurposeBuildings are responsible for the consumption of around 40% of energy in the world and account for one-third of greenhouses gas emissions. In Saudi Arabia, residential buildings consume half of total energy among other building sectors. This study aims to explore the impact of sixteen envelope variables on the operational and embodied carbon of a typical Saudi house with over 20 years of operation.Design/methodology/approachA simulation approach has been adopted to examine the effects of envelope variables including external wall type, roof type, glazing type, window to wall ratio (WWR) and shading device. To model the building and define the envelope materials and quantify the annual energy consumption, DesignBuilder software was used. Following modelling, operational carbon was calculated. A “cradle-to-gate” approach was adopted to assess embodied carbon during the production of materials for the envelope variables based on the Inventory of Carbon Energy database.FindingsThe results showed that operational carbon represented 90% of total life cycle carbon, whilst embodied carbon accounted for 10%. The sensitivity analysis revealed that 25% WWR contributes to a significant increase in operational carbon by 47.4%. Additionally, the efficient block wall with marble has a major embodiment of carbon greater than the base case by 10.7%.Research limitations/implicationsThis study is a contribution to the field of calculating the embodied and operational carbon emissions of a residential unit. Besides, it provides an examination of the impact of each envelope variable on both embodied and operational carbon. This study is limited by the impact of sixteen envelope variables on the embodied as well as operational carbon.Originality/valueThis study is the first attempt on investigating the effects of envelop variables on carbon footprint for residential buildings in Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals EVALUATION TYPES OF EXTERIOR WALLS TO RECONSTRUCT IRAN EARTHQUAKE AREAS (AHAR HERIS VARZEQAN) BY USING AHP AND FUZZY METHODS

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Teimor HOSSEINI ◽  
Shahin LALE AREFI ◽  
Mahdi BITARAFAN ◽  
Sajjad ABAZARLOU ◽  
Edmundas Kazimieras ZAVADSKAS
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision Making ◽  
Group Decision ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Property Management ◽  
Urban Fabric ◽  
Fuzzy Methods ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Earthquake Area

Two earthquakes of magnitude 6.1mb occurred at the Ahar and around 16000 residential buildings were destroyed. one of the conspicuous issues in the earthquake is property management to reconstruct and confront the crisis. in this regard, since the most damage inflicted on the buildings occurs in the exterior walls, therefore, the most financial resources must be spent on reconstructing this part of damaged buildings. Thus, this paper was conducted in order to reduce expenditure and increase the resistance of the walls. The urban fabric of the area didn’t sustain much damage and only the exterior walls of the buildings were collapsed. Thus, the main aim of this article is to study different types of exterior walls for renewal and reconstruction of buildings in earthquake area. To approach this aim, using group decision-making method. This paper presents the comparison of FUZZY and AHP. in this regard, this research is centralized on types of exterior walls to reconstruct iran earthquake areas (Ahar, Heris, Varzeqan). five main methods have been chosen by asking experts in the related fields and to evaluate and select the best of exterior walls. finally 3D panel wall was selected as the optimal wall for reconstruction of earthquake area.

Perception of Building Occupants on the use of Generating Sets

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
A.B Wahab
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
Commercial Buildings ◽  
Generating Sets ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Major Bottleneck ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Quota Sampling

Poor power supply is a major bottleneck to the technological development of the country and this has forced building occupants to shift to dependence on generating sets of different types and brand which subject its users to myriad of effects. This study was aimed at assessing perception of the users of generators in buildings on the effects associated with its usage in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria. The study area was divided into core, transition and suburban residential zones. Multistage and quota sampling techniques were used to select respondents sampled in residential and commercial buildings respectively. Descriptive and inferential statistical techniques were used to analyse data collected. The study showed that 50.29%, 51.19%, 45.90% of residential buildings’ respondents in the core, transition and suburban zone while 56.41%, 43.33% and 42.86% of occupants of commercial buildings in the corresponding core, transition and suburban zone indicated that hearing problem was the most physiological effect that the use of generating sets exposed them to. Cut injuries from the elcetro-mechanical components of generating sets were the most prominent injuries had by the occupants of residential buildings while irritation of the eyes during refueling was the most significant effect had by respondents in the commercial buildings. High cost of fuel and damage to electrical appliances were the most uncomfortable indicator with uncomfortability index of 0.804 and 0.776 in residential and commercial buildings respectively. The study also found that the use of generating sets had caused structional, functional and aesthetical effects on the building elements. It was recommended that there is dire need on the part of government to enhance environmental sustainability by provision of sustainable energy sources to buildings in view of the effects associated with the use of generating sets.

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