A data structures for purpose of the BIM-based Life Cycle Assessment: A review and theoretical background

The article deals with the data structure for the purpose of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of buildings using the Building Information Model (BIM). Construction industry produces a significant amount of waste and on the other hand the capacities of landfills are almost filled. It is necessary to deal with the effective use of materials that have already been used and have potential to be reused again. LCA is a method that can be used to demonstrate the suitability of proposed materials, structures or buildings in terms of their whole life cycle and its environmental impact. BIM includes, in addition to geometry, the information part. This data can be used for life cycle inventory (LCI) and then for the assessment itself. The aim of the article is to analyse previous approaches and define which data structure is necessary to be obtained from the BIM model for the LCI purpose of a specific material. The proposed methodology of the data recognition and selection is based on data structure of non-graphical database called SNIM, which was developed for the Czech construction environment. The article is also focused on the theoretical background of the newly developed classification system Construction Classification International (CCI).

EXPERIÊNCIA DE PROJETO DE INSTALAÇÕES HIDROSSANITÁRIAS EM BIM DURANTE O ENSINO NÃO PRESENCIAL

RESUMO: A partir de janeiro de 2021, a utilização do Building Information Model (BIM) em obras e serviços de engenharia da esfera pública federal tornou-se obrigatória. No entanto, os cursos de graduação em Engenharia Civil abordam de maneira superficial essa metodologia, reduzindo-a muitas vezes a uma forma de representação gráfica, simplesmente. Sendo assim, o objetivo deste artigo é relatar uma experiência de projeto hidrossanitário para edifícios residenciais multifamiliares desenvolvido em uma unidade curricular não presencial em um curso de graduação de Engenharia Civil. Testou-se a utilização do método BIM na realização de um projeto hidrossanitário predial e constatou-se que apesar do ensino ser remoto, a realização do projeto foi eficiente, rápida e dinâmica.

Experience in Development, Implementation and Standardization of BIM Design in the Mining Industry

The paper describes the experience of the RIVS Company in using the Building Information Model technologies as the key element, from software selection and training of the company's specialists to practical examples of applying these technologies in pilot projects and information models being developed under existing contracts. The process of interacting with the customer regarding coordination of the design solutions and visual presentation of the facility is also addressed. A performance assessment has been carried out based on the implementation and subsequent use of the BIM technology. Taking into account the research data, global and Russian trends in BIM-design, the RIVS Company continues to use and develop Building Information Model technologies, as well as to set challenging goals - from automation of modelling processes to the creation of a digital twin. This article and the data presented in it can help the companies that are implementing the Building Information Model technologies to making a decision in their favor of one or another software product. A real case illustrated in the article will give an insight into the use of the BIM technologies.

Experimental Study of Possibilities for Developing a Building Information Model of a Laser-Scanned Physical Object

The methodological approach when using a scanned physical object to build a building information model (BIM) is based on laser scanning technology and aims to create technical documentation of existing buildings, most often with the status of historically significant sites. The BIM technology can be used as an integral part for the creation of the documentation in the process of construction and of the new sites, as well as their administrative and managerial control in the process of their construction and operation. The essence of the experiment is to model space in a parametric three-dimensional model (BIM) in the ArchiCAD program, using a laser-scanned physical object (point cloud). The cloud obtained from the laser scan contains detailed spatial information, which is used in the basis of creation of a construction information model (BIM) and control during the development of the model. The laser-scanned physical object (point cloud) contains the same geometric information as the construction information model (BIM), but with a much smaller amount of data, the file size is visible - point cloud - 30.41 MB, BIM - 9.83 MB). The advantages of BIM over the point cloud is to give the ability to edit the model, to study the energy behavior of the model, to create construction and technical documentation of the scanned object, as well as to disclose the ability to fill in technical data and parameters based on the map and cadastral basis. By means of the density of the point cloud (parameter of the equipment used - laser scanner) of the scanned object, information is obtained and used with sufficient detail and accuracy about the physical data of the real object and this is the basis for the full and comprehensive content of BIM. Based on the sufficient detail created in the BIM for the physical object, it is possible for its combinability and its actual use in the real environment.

Application of BIM and GIS Technology in Urban and Rural Planning

For a long time, geographic information system (GIS) technology has been widely used in urban and rural planning. This paper first analyzes the background of urban and rural planning, introduces the concept of building information (BIM), and puts forward the building information model. Then the application of mobile off-line GIS is studied, and the characteristics of mobile GIS are known. Secondly, the concept of urban-rural integration is put forward, and two functions of urban-rural planning are found: macro-control means and public interest protection. Finally, the application of information technology in urban and rural planning management shows that the disposable income of urban and rural residents increases year by year, and the fastest growth in 2020 is 120 million yuan.

Architectural Design of Building Information Model Technology in Internet Age

As a revolutionary technology to realize the construction industry information, BIM technology has been vigorously developed in China in recent years. The whole life cycle of a construction project includes planning stage, design stage, construction stage, operation and maintenance stage, with many participating units. This paper mainly studies the architectural design of building information model technology under the Internet era. This paper analyzes and combs the traditional structural design process, and summarizes the problems and defects existing in the traditional structural design process. Combined with the characteristics of BIM technology application, the BIM technology is combined with the traditional structural design process. Taking Project A as an example, the causality analysis, the analytic hierarchy process and the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method are used. The architectural design quality of Project a based on BIM technology is evaluated, and the effect of adopting BIM technology in the design of Project A is compared and analyzed.

Combination of Terrestrial Laser Scanner and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Technology in The Manufacture of Building Information Model

The rapid development of the construction world in Indonesia has led to an increase in supporting technology that is more effective and efficient. The Building Information Model (BIM) technology that begins with the creation of an as-built 3D model, this model describes the existing condition of the building. The Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS) method can provide a point cloud with a decent point density, but there are still areas of the building that aren't covered, such as the roof. To be more complete and detailed, additional data is needed using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The results of the combination of TLS and UAV complement each other so that the results of the point cloud can form more detailed buildings. BIM may be built by combining these two data sets, allowing for the three-dimensional depiction of assets in buildings. The registration results for TLS point cloud data have a fairly good value where the overlap value is 44.9% (minimum 30%), balance is 41.2% (minimum 20%), points < 6mm is 98.9% (minimum 90%). The measurement results using the UAV have an RMSE GCP value of 0.266m and an RMSE ICP of 0.455m. Merging the results of TLS and UAV measurements is done using 3DReshaper software with four align points. The final result of making the BIM model is obtained level of detail (LOD) 3 where room models such as columns, floors, stairs, and walls are well depicted, while asset models such as furniture are also depicted although they are still simple objects.