Using Electron Beam to the Surface Heat Treatment of the Carbon Steels

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Adriana Zara ◽  
Maria Stoicănescu ◽  
I. Giacomelli
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Superficial Layer ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Alloyed Steel ◽  
Mechanical Products ◽  
Low Alloyed Steel ◽  
Working Parameters

Usage of electron beam shows the possibility of using its energy in different thermic processes. Among these, it is found the heating of mechanical products for the surface heat treatment. During the effectuated practical attempts, two types of construction steels were analyzed, namely carbon steel (OLC 45) and a low alloyed steel (41 Cr 4). The electron beam was applied on samples that were previous subjected to the heat treatment of improvement. The working parameters were chosen in order to obtain the heating of the superficial layer without melting. The samples treated as above were subjected to studies regarding the metallographic structures and the resulted hardness; also there were effectuated wear attempts. It was concluded that the use of electron beam in superficial heat treatment may also fit in practical terms.

Fast Salt Bath Heat Treatment for a Bainitic/Martensitic Low-Carbon Low-Alloyed Steel

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (11) ◽  
pp. 5343-5349
Author(s):  
Julia Urbanec ◽  
Ari Saastamoinen ◽  
Seppo Kivivuori ◽  
Seppo Louhenkilpi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Salt Bath ◽  
Alloyed Steel ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Alloyed Steel

Influence of layer substrate hardening on nitrided carbon steels on their tribological properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-54
Author(s):  
Jan Senatorski ◽  
Jan Tacikowski ◽  
Janusz Trojanowski ◽  
Paweł Mączyński
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Tribological Tests ◽  
Nitrided Steel ◽  
Hardening Treatment ◽  
Carbon Martensite ◽  
Martensite Structure

Nitriding of carbon steels does not allow for adequate hardening of the substrate of layers and core required in some applications. Such hardening can be achieved by using further heat treatment. As a result of this heat treatment, the zone of nitrides vanishes and a nitro-carbon martensite structure is formed, additionally hardened by ageing. The carried out tribological tests have shown that subjecting nitrided carbon steel to further hardening treatment significantly improves its wear resistance in comparison to nitrided steel, and the zone of good wear resistance goes deeper.

Austenite phase transformation of SKD11 by surface heat treatment with a focused electron beam

2017 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 247-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Goo Kang ◽  
Honzong Choi ◽  
Byung-Kwon Min ◽  
Sang Jo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Austenite Phase ◽  
Surface Heat

scholarly journals Development of Large Surface Heat Treatment Method for Carbon Steel with High Power CO2 Laser (2nd Report)

1997 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 1320-1324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Yamamoto ◽  
Masashi Oikawa ◽  
Katsuhiro Minamida ◽  
Hiromichi Kawasumi
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Co2 Laser ◽  
High Power ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Treatment Method

scholarly journals Thermodynamic aspects of electron-beam surface modification of low-carbon steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 1198 (1) ◽  
pp. 012009
Author(s):  
U L Mishigdorzhiyn ◽  
A S Milonov ◽  
P A Gulyashinov ◽  
N S Ulakhanov ◽  
A P Semenov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Beneficial Impact ◽  
Beam Surface

Abstract Multicomponent surface modification of carbon steels is of high interest in mechanical engineering due to its beneficial impact on machine components’ and structures’ surface properties. The present research was devoted to simulating the process of aluminides and borides formation on the surface of low-carbon steel during electron beam alloying and predict the phase composition of the obtained coatings. Computational thermodynamics and approximate calculation method were used to solve the problem mentioned above. Calculations were done in the temperature range between 200 and 2000 K at 10−3 Pa. It was discovered that the calculated and experimental data of the coating’s phase composition differs significantly. The only confirmed phase that was predicted by the calculations was sodium fluoride (NaF). It was established that NaF presence in the treatment paste was redundant for the electron beam alloying because of its low reactivity in a vacuum. XRD analysis revealed the following phases in the coating: Fe2B, Fe3C, and AlFe3.

scholarly journals Study on the Influence of Carbon on Standardized and Non-Standardized Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-18
Author(s):  
Liviu Dorin Pop
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Alloyed Steel ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Close Link ◽  
High Alloyed Steel

Abstract The way a piece or tool behaves in operation is determined by the quality of the material from which it is made, the precision of execution and heat treatment applied. In the present research, it is highlighted the differences that take shape after heat treating different materials (low carbon steel and high alloyed steel) including heating to dissimilar austenitic phases (880°C and 1020°C), holding for non-identical times, tempering at low temperature (260 °C) and then cooling by using separate cooling mediums (oil, air and water). The results show no noticeable increase in the hardness and mechanical properties for the low carbon steel after the heat treatment, but on the other hand, the high alloyed steel, reveals distinguishable changes in both hardness and mechanical properties. There is a close link between the structure, the parameters of the thermal processes and the properties that are desired so that future specialists have to assimilate the basic knowledge related to the phenomena that occur during a heat treatment but at the same time it is important to equip the companies with machines and measure devices, like a spectrometer.

Electron-Beam Cladding of Boron Carbide on Low-Alloyed Steel at the Air Atmosphere

2014 ◽  
Vol 698 ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina S. Krivezhenko ◽  
I.S. Laptev ◽  
T.A. Zimoglyadova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Boron Carbide ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Alloyed Steel ◽  
Heterogeneous Structure ◽  
Air Atmosphere ◽  
Considerable Impact ◽  
Low Alloyed Steel

An investigation of coatings obtained by cladding of boron carbide on a low-alloyed steel substrate by an electron beam injected into the air atmosphere was carried out. It was shown that hardened layers had a heterogeneous structure formed during rapid cooling. It was established that a volume fraction of iron borides in the surface layer had a considerable impact on mechanical properties of the material studied.

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