Analysis of Symbolical Method Design of Architectural Landscape in the Core Area of Hangzhou CBD

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 2608-2612
Author(s):  
Hong Da Nie ◽  
Qin Shu Cui
Keyword(s):  
Design Methods ◽  
Core Area ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Environment Design ◽  
The Moon ◽  
International Conference ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Conference Center

Through symbolical building images of “the sky were round and the earth square”, “the sun and the moon shines together” etc, the core area of Hangzhou CBD created an specially architectural landscape. It provides an fantastic life scene for us. This article researches on the space and environment formed by Hangzhou Citizen Center, Hangzhou Grand Theatre, Hangzhou International Conference Center, “the Cultural Plaza”, “Civic Square”, “City Balcony” and emphatically analyzes the design methods and space characteristics and offers an reference for architectural environment design.

scholarly journals The Lunar orbit paradox

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-146
Author(s):  
Aleksandar Tomic
Keyword(s):  
Inertial Mass ◽  
Lunar Orbit ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Three Body ◽  
Origin Of The Moon ◽  
Force Intensity ◽  
Critical Consideration

Newton's formula for gravity force gives greather force intensity for atraction of the Moon by the Sun than atraction by the Earth. However, central body in lunar (primary) orbit is the Earth. So appeared paradox which were ignored from competent specialist, because the most important problem, determination of lunar orbit, was inmediately solved sufficiently by mathematical ingeniosity - introducing the Sun as dominant body in the three body system by Delaunay, 1860. On this way the lunar orbit paradox were not canceled. Vujicic made a owerview of principles of mechanics in year 1998, in critical consideration. As an example for application of corrected procedure he was obtained gravity law in some different form, which gave possibility to cancel paradox of lunar orbit. The formula of Vujicic, with our small adaptation, content two type of acceleration - related to inertial mass and related to gravity mass. So appears carried information on the origin of the Moon, and paradox cancels.

scholarly journals High-resolution spectroscopy and spectropolarimetry of the total lunar eclipse January 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 635 ◽  
pp. A156
Author(s):  
K. G. Strassmeier ◽  
I. Ilyin ◽  
E. Keles ◽  
M. Mallonn ◽  
A. Järvinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Solar Spectrum ◽  
High Resolution Spectroscopy ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Lunar Eclipse ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Earth’S Atmosphere ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Earth's Atmosphere

Context. Observations of the Earthshine off the Moon allow for the unique opportunity to measure the large-scale Earth atmosphere. Another opportunity is realized during a total lunar eclipse which, if seen from the Moon, is like a transit of the Earth in front of the Sun. Aims. We thus aim at transmission spectroscopy of an Earth transit by tracing the solar spectrum during the total lunar eclipse of January 21, 2019. Methods. Time series spectra of the Tycho crater were taken with the Potsdam Echelle Polarimetric and Spectroscopic Instrument (PEPSI) at the Large Binocular Telescope in its polarimetric mode in Stokes IQUV at a spectral resolution of 130 000 (0.06 Å). In particular, the spectra cover the red parts of the optical spectrum between 7419–9067 Å. The spectrograph’s exposure meter was used to obtain a light curve of the lunar eclipse. Results. The brightness of the Moon dimmed by 10.m75 during umbral eclipse. We found both branches of the O2 A-band almost completely saturated as well as a strong increase of H2O absorption during totality. A pseudo O2 emission feature remained at a wavelength of 7618 Å, but it is actually only a residual from different P-branch and R-branch absorptions. It nevertheless traces the eclipse. The deep penumbral spectra show significant excess absorption from the Na I 5890-Å doublet, the Ca II infrared triplet around 8600 Å, and the K I line at 7699 Å in addition to several hyper-fine-structure lines of Mn I and even from Ba II. The detections of the latter two elements are likely due to an untypical solar center-to-limb effect rather than Earth’s atmosphere. The absorption in Ca II and K I remained visible throughout umbral eclipse. Our radial velocities trace a wavelength dependent Rossiter-McLaughlin effect of the Earth eclipsing the Sun as seen from the Tycho crater and thereby confirm earlier observations. A small continuum polarization of the O2 A-band of 0.12% during umbral eclipse was detected at 6.3σ. No line polarization of the O2 A-band, or any other spectral-line feature, is detected outside nor inside eclipse. It places an upper limit of ≈0.2% on the degree of line polarization during transmission through Earth’s atmosphere and magnetosphere.

Decapitated Lunar Goddesses in Aztec Art, Myth, and Ritual

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Milbrath
Keyword(s):  
Solar Eclipse ◽  
Seasonal Cycle ◽  
Full Moon ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Seasonal Transition ◽  
The Earth ◽  
New Moon ◽  
The Demonic

AbstractAztec images of decapitated goddesses link the symbolism of astronomy with politics and the seasonal cycle. Rituals reenacting decapitation may refer to lunar events in the context of a solar calendar, providing evidence of a luni-solar calendar. Decapitation imagery also involves metaphors expressing the rivalry between the cults of the sun and the moon. Huitzilopochtli's decapitation of Coyolxauhqui can be interpreted as a symbol of political conquest linked to the triumph of the sun over the moon. Analysis of Coyolxauhqui's imagery and mythology indicates that she represents the full moon eclipsed by the sun. Details of the decapitation myth indicate specific links with seasonal transition and events taking place at dawn and at midnight. Other decapitated goddesses, often referred to as earth goddesses with “lunar connections,” belong to a complex of lunar deities representing the moon within the earth (the new moon). Cihuacoatl, a goddess of the new moon, takes on threatening quality when she assumes the form of a tzitzimime attacking the sun during a solar eclipse. The demonic new moon was greatly feared, for it could cause an eternal solar eclipse bringing the Aztec world to an end.

Solar Motion and Lunar Eclipses in Philolaus’ Cosmological System

Apeiron ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dirk L. Couprie
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Internal Logic ◽  
Wrong Side ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Solar Motion ◽  
Length Of The Day

Abstract In this paper, three problems that have hardly been noticed or even gone unnoticed in the available literature in the cosmology of Philolaus are addressed. They have to do with the interrelationships of the orbits of the Earth, the Sun, and the Moon around the Central Fire and all three of them constitute potentially insurmountable obstacles within the context of the Philolaic system. The first difficulty is Werner Ekschmitt’s claim that the Philolaic system cannot account for the length of the day (νυχϑήμερον). It is shown that this problem can be solved with the help of the distinction between the synodic day and the sidereal day. The other two problems discussed in this paper are concerned with two hitherto unnoticed deficiencies in the explanation of lunar eclipses in the Philolaic system. The Philolaic system cannot account for long-lasting lunar eclipses and according to the internal logic of the system, during lunar eclipses the Moon enters the shadow of the Earth from the wrong side. It is almost unbelievable that nobody, from the Pythagoreans themselves up to recent authors, has noticed these two serious deficiencies, and especially the latter, in the cosmology of Philolaus the Pythagorean.

scholarly journals Connection of large earthquakes occurring moment with the movement of the Sun and the Moon and with the Earth crust tectonic stress character

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1629-1633 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. K. Kachakhidze ◽  
R. Kiladze ◽  
N. Kachakhidze ◽  
V. Kukhianidze ◽  
G. Ramishvili
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Stress ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Compression Stress ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Caucasus Region ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Triggering Factor ◽  
Exogenous Factors ◽  
Large Earthquakes

Abstract. It is acceptable that earthquakes certain exogenous (cosmic) triggering factors may exist in every seismoactive (s/a) region and in Caucasus among them. They have to correct earthquake occurring moment or play the triggering role in case when the region is at the limit of the critical value of the geological medium of course. Our aim is to reveal some exogenous factors possible to initiate earthquakes, on example of Caucasus s/a region, taking into account that the region is very complex by the point of view of the tectonic stress distribution. The compression stress directed from North to South (and vice versa) and the spread stress directed from East to West (and vice versa) are the main stresses acted in Caucasus region. No doubt that action of the smallest external stress may "work" as earthquakes triggering factor. In the presented work the Moon and the Sun perturbations are revealed as initiative agents of earthquakes when the directions of corresponding exogenous forces coincide with the directions of the compression stress or the spreading tectonic stress in the region.

Flights of Imagination: Avicenna’s Phoenix (ʿAnqā) and Bedil’s Figuration for the Lyric Self

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-72
Author(s):  
Jane Mikkelson
Keyword(s):  
First Person ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Philosophical System ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
The World ◽  
The Phoenix

Abstract The phoenix (ʿanqā) appears in the philosophy of Avicenna (d.1037) as his example of a “vain intelligible,” a fictional being that exists in the soul, but not in the world. This remarkable bird is notable (along with the Earth, the moon, the sun, and God) for being a species of one. In this essay, I read the poetry Bedil of Delhi (d.1720) in conversation with the philosophical system of Avicenna, arguing that the phoenix in Bedil’s own philosophical system functions as a key figuration that allows him simultaneously to articulate rigorous impersonal systematic ideas and to document his individual first-personal experiences of those ideas. The phoenix also plays a metaliterary role, allowing Bedil to reflect on this way of doing philosophy in the first person—a method founded on the lyric enrichment of Avicennan rationalism. Paying attention to the adjacencies between poetry and philosophy in Bedil, this essay traces the phoenix’s transformations from a famous philosophical example into one of Bedil’s most striking figurations in his arguments about imagination, mind, and self.

scholarly journals Searching for Orbits with Minimum Fuel Consumption for Station-Keeping Maneuvers: An Application to Lunisolar Perturbations

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Fernando Bertachini de Almeida Prado
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulations ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Total Variation ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Station Keeping ◽  
Third Body ◽  
Lunisolar Perturbations ◽  
The Earth ◽  
New Criterion

The present paper has the goal of developing a new criterion to search for orbits that minimize the fuel consumption for station-keeping maneuvers. This approach is based on the integral over the time of the perturbing forces. This integral measures the total variation of velocity caused by the perturbations in the spacecraft, which corresponds to the equivalent variation of velocity that an engine should deliver to the spacecraft to compensate the perturbations and to keep its orbit Keplerian all the time. This integral is a characteristic of the orbit and the set of perturbations considered and does not depend on the type of engine used. In this sense, this integral can be seen as a criterion to select the orbit of the spacecraft. When this value becomes larger, more consumption of fuel is required for the station keeping, and, in this sense, less interesting is the orbit. This concept can be applied to any perturbation. In the present research, as an example, the perturbation caused by a third body is considered. Then, numerical simulations considering the effects of the Sun and the Moon in a satellite around the Earth are shown to exemplify the method.

scholarly journals On the Initial Distance of the Moon Forming in the Circumterrestrial Swarm

1972 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 402-404
Author(s):  
E. L. Ruskol
Keyword(s):  
Angular Momentum ◽  
Total Angular Momentum ◽  
Outer Boundary ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Primitive Earth ◽  
Moon System ◽  
Initial Distance ◽  
The Earth

According to the Radzievskij-Artemjev hypothesis of the ‘locked’ revolution of the circumplanetary swarms around the Sun, the initial Moon-to-Earth distance and the angular momentum acquired by the Earth through the accretion of the inner part of the swarm can be evaluated. Depending on the concentration of the density to the centre of the swarm we obtain the initial distance for a single protomoon in the range 15–26 Earth radii R and for a system of 3-4 protomoons in the range 3–78 R, if the outer boundary of the swarm equals to the radius of the Hill's sphere (235 R). The total angular momentum acquired by the primitive Earth-Moon system through the accretion of the swarm particles is ½–⅔ of its present value. The rest of it should be acquired from the direct accretion of interplanetary particles by the Earth. The contribution of satellite swarms into the rotation of other planets is relatively less.

Colloquium 2: Two Stages Of Early Greek Cosmology

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-63
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Fifth Century ◽  
Sixth Century ◽  
The Sun ◽  
The Moon ◽  
Meteorological Model ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Two Stages

It is generally held that Presocratic cosmologies are sui generis and unique to their authors. If, however, a division is made between sixth-century and fifthcentury BC cosmologies, some salient differences emerge. For instance, heavenly bodies in sixth-century cosmologies tend to be light, ephemeral, fed by vapors, and located above the earth; those in fifth-century cosmologies tend to be heavy, permanent, heated by friction, and to travel below the earth. The earlier cosmologies seem to embody a meteorological model of astronomy, the latter a lithic model. The change in models can be accounted for on the basis of Parmenides’ discovery that the moon is illuminated by the sun and hence is a spherical, permanent, opaque or earthy body. This insight generated empirical evidence to confirm itself and rendered obsolete earlier cosmologies.

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