Regenerative Braking System Pressure Control Calculation Based on ABS Hydraulic Model

2012 ◽  
Vol 201-202 ◽  
pp. 433-437
Author(s):  
Liang Chu ◽  
Jian Chen ◽  
Liang Yao ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Jian Wei Cai
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Hydraulic Model ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Master Cylinder ◽  
Braking System ◽  
System Pressure

The main objective of this work is to present a methodology for development of regenerative braking system hydraulic model that can be used to estimate the master cylinder pressure, master cylinder travel position, normal open valve fluid flow, normal open valve cross-sectional area, normal close valve fluid flow, normal close valve cross-sectional area, accumulator fluid flow and brake caliper fluid flow. According to the above hydraulic model calculation, the cooperation between regenerative braking system generator and ABS hydraulic braking control will be smooth and the arbitration strategy can be designed. Through the simple hydraulic model, the entire brake circuit of ABS can be derived easily.

Maximum Power From Fluid Flow: Results From the First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
German Amador Diaz ◽  
John Turizo Santos ◽  
Elkin Hernandez ◽  
Ricardo Vasquez Padilla ◽  
Lesme Corredor
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Fluid Flow ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Maximum Power ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maximum Power Output ◽  
Piston Cylinder

The heat transfer principle of power maximization in power plants with heat transfer irreversibilities was cleverly extended by Bejan [1] to fluid flow, by obtaining that the energy conversion efficiency at maximum power is ηmax = 1/2(1 − P2/P1). This result is analog to the efficiency at maximum power for power plants, ηmax = 1 − (T2/T1)1/2 which was deduced by Curzon and Ahlborn [2]. In this paper, the analysis to obtain maximum power output delivered from a piston between two pressure reservoir across linear flow resistance is generalized by considering the piston cylinder friction, by obtaining relations of maximum power output and optimal speed of the piston in terms of first law efficiency. Expressions to relate the power output, cross sectional area of the chamber and first law efficiency, were deduced in order to evaluate the influence of the overall size constraints and fluid regime in the performance of the piston cylinder system. Flow in circular ducts and developed laminar flow between parallel plates, are considered to demonstrate that when two pressure reservoirs oriented in counterflow, with different and arbitrary cross sectional area, must have the same area in order to maximize the power output of the system. These results introduce some modifications to the results obtained by Bejan [1] and Chen [3]. This paper extends the Bejan and Chen’s work by estimating under turbulent regime the lost available work rate associated with the degree of irreversibilities caused by the flow resistances of the system. This analysis is equivalent to evaluate the irreversibilities in an endoirreversible Carnot heat engine model caused by the heat resistance loss between the engine and its surrounding heat reservoirs. This paper concludes with an application to illustrate the practical applications by estimating the lost available work of an actual steady-flow turbine and the layout pipes upstream and downstream of the same device.

scholarly journals Conceptual Model of a Variable Cross-Section Brake Master Cylinder with Fuzzy Logic Controller

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-346
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Fuzzy Logic Controller ◽  
Intelligent System ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
The Body ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Master Cylinder ◽  
The Cross

A Master Cylinder installed with a servo motor to vary the cross-sectional area of a Plunger Assembly is discussed. The motor is autonomously operated using a Fuzzy Logic Controller which uses sensor input(s) to position its shaft and subsequently change the cross-sectional area of the Plunger Assembly. This intelligent system helps achieve sufficient brake force under the dynamic requirement. The body is made of Al 7075-T6 primarily due to its high strength-to-weight ratio. In light of the corrosive nature of brake fluid at certain values of its pH, electroless-nickel plating of the Master Cylinder part components is also discussed. Dynamic seals made of EPDM rubber have been used due to the constant relative motion between different moving parts

Pelvic Canal Narrowing Caused by Triple Pelvic Osteotomy in the Dog

1994 ◽  
Vol 07 (03) ◽  
pp. 110-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Holmberg ◽  
M. B. Hurtig ◽  
H. R. Sukhiani
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Pelvic Osteotomy ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Canal Width ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Post Operative Complications

SummaryDuring a triple pelvic osteotomy, rotation of the free acetabular segment causes the pubic remnant on the acetabulum to rotate into the pelvic canal. The resulting narrowing may cause complications by impingement on the organs within the pelvic canal. Triple pelvic osteotomies were performed on ten cadaver pelves with pubic remnants equal to 0, 25, and 50% of the hemi-pubic length and angles of acetabular rotation of 20, 30, and 40 degrees. All combinations of pubic remnant lengths and angles of acetabular rotation caused a significant reduction in pelvic canal-width and cross-sectional area, when compared to the inact pelvis. Zero, 25, and 50% pubic remnants result in 15, 35, and 50% reductions in pelvic canal width respectively. Overrotation of the acetabulum should be avoided and the pubic remnant on the acetabular segment should be minimized to reduce postoperative complications due to pelvic canal narrowing.When performing triple pelvic osteotomies, the length of the pubic remnant on the acetabular segment and the angle of acetabular rotation both significantly narrow the pelvic canal. To reduce post-operative complications, due to narrowing of the pelvic canal, overrotation of the acetabulum should be avoided and the length of the pubic remnant should be minimized.

DETERMINATION OF THE FUNCTION OF THE ROD’S CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA USING VIBRATION EIGENFREQUENCIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
I.M. UTYASHEV ◽  
◽  
A.A. AITBAEVA ◽  
A.A. YULMUKHAMETOV ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Variable Cross ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Longitudinal Vibrations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Method Error ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
Elastic Fixation ◽  
Crosssectional Area

The paper presents solutions to the direct and inverse problems on longitudinal vibrations of a rod with a variable cross-sectional area. The law of variation of the cross-sectional area is modeled as an exponential function of a polynomial of degree n . The method for reconstructing this function is based on representing the fundamental system of solutions of the direct problem in the form of a Maclaurin series in the variables x and λ. Examples of solutions for various section functions and various boundary conditions are given. It is shown that to recover n unknown coefficients of a polynomial, n eigenvalues are required, and the solution is dual. An unambiguous solution was obtained only for the case of elastic fixation at one of the rod’s ends. The numerical estimation of the method error was made using input data noise. It is shown that the error in finding the variable crosssectional area is less than 1% with the error in the eigenvalues of longitudinal vibrations not exceeding 0.0001.

Changes in the parameters of nasal breathing and parameters of the upper respiratory tract during orthognathic operations in patients with II and III skeletal class of jaw anomalies

2020 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
S.Sh. Gammadaeva ◽  
M.I. Misirkhanova ◽  
A.Yu. Drobyshev
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Nasal Cavity ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Nasal Breathing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Upper Respiratory

The study analyzed the functional parameters of nasal breathing, linear parameters of the nasal aperture, nasal cavity and nasopharynx, volumetric parameters of the upper airways in patients with II and III skeletal class of jaw anomalies before and after orthognathic surgery. The respiratory function of the nose was assessed using a rhinomanometric complex. According to rhinoresistometry data, nasal resistance and hydraulic diameter were assessed. According to the data of acoustic rhinometry, the minimum cross-sectional area along the internal valve, the minimum cross-sectional area on the head of the inferior turbinate and nasal septum and related parameters were estimated. According to the CBCT data, the state of the nasal septum, the inferior turbinates, the nasal aperture, the state of the nasal cavity, and the linear values of the upper respiratory tract (nasopharynx) were analyzed. The patients were divided into 4 groups according to the classification of the patency of the nasal passages by

Unequal Probability Scheme for Fruit Count in a Guava Tree

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. BHARATI
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Equal Probability ◽  
Sampling Scheme ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unequal Probability ◽  
Selection Probabilities ◽  
Horticultural Research ◽  
Number Of Branches

Data on fruit count corresponding to primary, secondary and tertiary branches of a randomly selected guava CV. Allahabad Safeda were recorded from the guava orchard of Horticultural Research Station, Birauli. The proposed sampling scheme in which the selection probabilities are based on length of braches between two forking points was compared with equal probability(PE), probability proportional to the number of branches(PPN), probability proportional to the cross sectional area (PPA) and probability proportional to volume (PPV) method of sampling and found to be more efficient.

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