Flame Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes and Nano-Onions in a Rotating Opposed-Jets Flow

The influence of flow rotation on the synthesis of carbon nano-structures using rotating opposed flow ethylene diffusion flames and a catalytic Ni substrate was investigated. In the experiments, the flame parameter was kept constant with fuel and oxidizer compositions of 20%C2H2+80%N2 and 40%O2+60%N2 in the upper and lower burners, respectively, whereas the strain rate was varied by adjusting the rotation speed. Stain rate affects carbon nano-structures synthesis either through the residence time of the flow or carbon sources available for the growth of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and onions. A diffusion flame at low strain rate is stronger than a weak flame at high strain rate and produces more carbon sources because of the longer residence time of the flow. At a higher strain rate, curved and entangled tubular multi-walled CNTs were harvested, however, at a lower strain rate carbon nano-onions (CNOs) were synthesized. It is verified that flow rotation associated with residence time plays an important role in the synthesis of carbon nanostructures.

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Analysis on Controlling Factors for the Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes and Nano-Onions in Counterflow Diffusion Flames

Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology ◽

10.1166/jnn.2014.7761 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (7) ◽

pp. 5363-5369 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Wei-Chieh Hu ◽

Shuhn-Shyurng Hou ◽

Ta-Hui Lin

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Diffusion Flames ◽

Controlling Factors ◽

Counterflow Diffusion Flames ◽

Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes

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Synthesis of carbon nanotubes from solid carbon sources by direct microwave irradiation

Carbon ◽

10.1016/j.carbon.2005.12.008 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 44 (7) ◽

pp. 1339-1343 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Dong-Myung Yoon ◽

Beom-Jin Yoon ◽

Kun-Hong Lee ◽

Hyung Seok Kim ◽

Chan Gyung Park

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Microwave Irradiation ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Solid Carbon ◽

Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes

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Liquid-Phase Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes from Alcohols

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.350.19 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 350 ◽

pp. 19-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Kiyofumi Yamagiwa ◽

Yuriko Iwao ◽

Masafumi Mikami ◽

Tsuneharu Takeuchi ◽

Morihiro Saito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Steel Substrate ◽

Low Cost ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Molecular Structures ◽

Primary Alcohols ◽

Distinctive Features ◽

One Step ◽

Vertically Aligned ◽

Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes

Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown on a stainless steel substrate (SUS304) by resistance-heating method in alcohols containing homogeneously dissolved cobaltocene Co(C5H5)2 as a catalyst source. Straight-chain primary alcohols, 1,2-ethanediol and cyclohexanol were used as carbon sources to examine the effects of the molecular structures on the morphology of the aligned CNTs. Methanol brought the best purity and alignment of CNTs of all the alcohols. The CNTs from 1,2-ethanediol was worse in the purity than those from ethanol with the same number of carbon atoms. The CNTs from cyclohexanol had a better purity than those from 1-hexanol. Distinctive features of this method are simple, low cost and a one-step process involving none of vacuum processes and catalyst preparation processes.

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INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR DECISION-MAKING IN THE PRODUCTION OF THE CATALYST FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF CARBON NANOTUBES

CASPIAN JOURNAL Control and High Technologies ◽

10.21672/2074-1707.2021.55.3.009-015 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 9-15

Author(s):

BURAKOVA ELENA A. ◽

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Decision Making ◽

Thermal Treatment ◽

Gas Phase ◽

Carbon Nanostructures ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Chemical Deposition ◽

Information Support ◽

Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Phase Chemical

The aim of the study is to develop information systems for supporting and supporting decision-making in the production of a metal oxide catalyst that provides targeted synthesis of carbon nanotubes by gas-phase chemical deposition. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were solved: a new approach to the process of creating a catalyst for the thermal decomposition of unstable compounds for synthetic nanotubes was developed; experimental studies of the effect on the post-thermal treatment of the catalyst and its precursors by physical action (ultrasonic, electromagnetic and microwave fields, etc.), which were obtained the approximating characteristics of the synthesized models of carbon nanostructures on the parameters of the process of pre- and post-thermal treatment of the catalyst were used to create a recommendation module. On the basis of the results obtained, blocks of implementation and technologies were developed, used in the creation of a system for maintaining and supporting solutions for the production of a catalyst for synthetic nanotubes. The application of the developed system of maintenance and support of decisions makes it possible to form a catalyst that makes it possible to synthesize carbon nanotubes with specified characteristics. Also, the use of this information system in the production of a catalyst helps to expand the range of synthesized nanoproducts in the process of gas-phase chemical deposition without changing the composition of the catalyst.

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Synthesis of carbon nanotubes on metal alloy substrates with voltage bias in methane inverse diffusion flames

Carbon ◽

10.1016/j.carbon.2005.07.043 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 570-577 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

Fusheng Xu ◽

Xiaofei Liu ◽

Stephen D. Tse

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Diffusion Flames ◽

Metal Alloy ◽

Voltage Bias ◽

Inverse Diffusion Flames ◽

Inverse Diffusion ◽

Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes

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Carbon Nanotubes, Synthesis, Growth and Orientation Control

ASME 4th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels, Parts A and B ◽

10.1115/icnmm2006-96035 ◽

2006 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lawrence A. Kennedy

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Combustion Synthesis ◽

Electric Fields ◽

Supercritical Co2 ◽

Diffusion Flames ◽

Functional Coating ◽

Orientation Control ◽

Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes ◽

And Control

The combustion synthesis of carbon nanotubes is reviewed, examining their formation and control in diffusion flames. The production of CNTs in the absence of a catalyst, the range of morphology of nanostructures when a catalyst is employed, control of the growth and orientation of CNTs and their arrays through the use of electric fields and the functional coating of CNTs with polymers using supercritical CO2 are discussed. Application of these techniques to other materials is discussed.

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Carbon Nanotubes Grown with Non-Ferromagnetic Catalysts in Alcohol CVD

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.636-637.703 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 636-637 ◽

pp. 703-708 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E. Borowiak-Palen ◽

A. Steplewska ◽

A. Bachmatiuk ◽

M.H. Rümmeli ◽

R.K. Kalenczuk

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Carbon Nanostructures ◽

Vapour Deposition ◽

Chemical Vapour ◽

Iron Catalysts ◽

Multiwalled Carbon ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Synthesis Of Carbon Nanotubes

In this contribution we present high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and Raman studies on the synthesis of carbon nanotubes using platinum supported on MgO in alcohol - chemical vapour deposition (A-CVD). For comparison copper and iron catalysts mixed with the same metal loading in MgO and the same process parameters in A-CVD have been tested. Our findings show that the choice of catalyst utilized under the same experimental conditions strongly influences the final morphology of the carbon nanostructures. Application of Pt/MgO in CVD results in doublewalled carbon nanotubes (DWCNT) and multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Cu/MgO mixtures lead to the synthesis of copper filled multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Cu-MWCNT) and iron capsules surrounded by multiwalled carbon shells (Fe-MWCS), respectively. Our findings indicate that the three discussed metals interact differently with the substrate leading to the formation of different sized catalyst particles. The analysis of the particles size in the catalyst precursors and in the final products is also described in this contribution.

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Carbon Nanotubes, Synthesis, Growth and Orientation Control in Opposed Flow Diffusion Flames

Journal of Heat Transfer ◽

10.1115/1.2818751 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 130 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Lawrence A. Kennedy

Keyword(s):

Carbon Nanotubes ◽

Electric Fields ◽

Diffusion Flame ◽

Carbon Nanostructures ◽

Diffusion Flames ◽

Spatial Location ◽

Anodized Aluminum ◽

Functional Coating ◽

Opposed Flow ◽

Initial Work

The combustion synthesis of carbon nanotubes is reviewed, examining their formation and control in diffusion flames. Much of the initial work in this area employed coflow diffusion flames and provided insight into carbon nanotube (CNT) formation. However, the inherent multidimensional nature of such coflow flames made the critical spatial location difficult to maintain. Among this early work, our UIC group demonstrated the superiority of the opposed flow diffusion flame configuration due to its uniform radial distribution that reduces such flow to a one-dimensional process. While a summary of the early coflow flame work is presented, the use of the opposed flow diffusion flame will be the focus of this review. The production of carbon nanostructures in the absence of a catalyst is discussed together with the range of morphology of nanostructures generated when a catalyst is employed. The important aspect of control of the growth and orientation of CNTs and generation of CNT arrays through the use of electric fields is examined as is the use of anodized aluminum oxide templates. Fruitful areas for further research such as the functional coating of CNTs with polymers and the application of these opposed flow flames to synthesis of other materials are discussed.

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