Conversion of Glucose to Levulinic Acid Catalyzed by ZSM-5 Loading SO42-/ ZrO2

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 249-252
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Lu Lin ◽  
Xiao Yu Sui ◽  
Jun Ping Zhuang ◽  
Chun Sheng Pang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Hydroxymethyl Furfural ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Molar Percent ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Hydrolysis of glucose to produce levulinic acid catalyzed by ZSM-5 loading SO42-/ ZrO2 was studied in this paper. The effects of different factors such as catalyst amount, reaction temperature, reaction time on the yields of levulinic acid and hydroxymethyl furfural were investigated. It was found that the highest yield of levulinic acid was 55.03% (molar percent) under the conditions of catalyst amount 3 g, reaction temperature 180 °C and reaction time 2.5 h. Surface structure of catalyst was analyzed by FT-IR, indicating that crystallinity of catalyst was 0.66.

Characteristics of Solid Super Acid SO42-/TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2 during Conversion of Glucose to Levulinic Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Lu Lin ◽  
Xiao Yu Sui ◽  
Jun Ping Zhuang ◽  
Chun Sheng Pang
Keyword(s):  
Binding Energy ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Diffraction Peak ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Hydroxymethyl Furfural ◽  
Good Catalytic Activity ◽  
Super Acid ◽  
Diffraction Peaks ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The effects of catalyst amount on the yields of levulinic and hydroxymethyl furfural were investigated during conversion of glucose to levulinic acid catalyzed by solid super acid SO42- / TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2. XRD and XPS were used to analyse the characteristics of solid super acid SO42- / TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2 before reaction and after reaction. The results showed that: solid super acid SO42- / TiO2-Al2O3-SnO2exhibited good catalytic activity in the reaction of hydrolysis of glucose to produce levulinic acid. There were three obvious peaks in these XRD spectra. The peaks on 44.6° and 67.1° were the characteristic diffraction peaks of γ-Al2O3. The anatase characteristic diffraction peak was on 37.4°. The catalyst was steady in the process. The binding energy of S 2p was similar to the binding energy of standard S6+ 2p in the S 2p XPS spectrum of solid super acid. O 1s XPS was double-peaked spectrum. The increase of element C was the main reason of inactivation of catalyst.

The Preparation of Micro-Molecular Dextran in Sub-Critical Water/CO2

2013 ◽  
Vol 712-715 ◽  
pp. 502-505
Author(s):  
Shu Qiong Liao ◽  
Xiao Yu Peng ◽  
Xue Wang Zhang ◽  
Ke Lin Huang ◽  
Ben Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Reaction Pressure ◽  
Optimum Reaction ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Micro-molecular dextran was prepared in sub-critical water/CO2 by hydrolysis of dextran20. The obtained products were mainly characterized by FT-IR and GPC. Furthermore, the reaction temperature, reaction time, reaction pressure, solid-liquid radio and stirring speed were systematically investigated during the work. The optimum reaction conditions are as follows: the reaction temperature was 160°C; the reaction time was 60 min; the reaction pressure was 2.5MPa; the solid-liquid ratio was 0.6 and the stirring speed was 300r/min.

Removal of Thiophene from Simulated Oil by Catalytic Oxidation Using K2FeO4/ V2O5

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1568-1572
Author(s):  
Yan Xiu Liu ◽  
Hua Song
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Deep Desulfurization

Oxidation extraction of thiophene from simulated oil by using K2FeO4as oxidant and methanol as extractant has been investigated. The effects of different catalyst, oxidant amount, catalyst amount, reaction temperature, reaction time, and extraction conditions were studied. This process is capable of decreasing the sulfur content of simulated oil from 100 mg•L-1to 17.8 mg•L-1at the optimal conditions. The results indicate that such a process could be an alternative to common hydrodesulfurization for deep desulfurization.

Optimization Studies on Acid Hydrolysis of Pretreated Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch for Production of Xylose by Application of Response Surface Methodology

2013 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Duangwang ◽  
C. Sangwichien
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
H2so4 Concentration ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Oil palm empty fruit bunch is a lignocellulosic material from palm oil plantations. It is a potential source of xylose which can be used as a raw material for production of xylitol. Using of lignocellulosic waste for bioconversion to fuels and chemicals is justifiable as these materials are low cost, renewable and widespread sources of sugars. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of H2SO4 concentration, reaction temperature and reaction time for acid hydrolysis of pretreated OPEFB, pretreated OPEFB with reaction temperature, reaction time and NaOH concentration were 130 °C, 40 min and 15% (w/v), respectively to achieve high xylose yield. Batch reactions were carried out under various reaction temperature, reaction time and H2SO4 concentration. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was followed to optimize acid hydrolysis in order to obtain high yield of xylose. The optimum reaction temperature, reaction time and H2SO4 concentration were found to be 140 °C, 90 min and 7% (w/v), respectively. The maximum value of xylose was obtained 56.39 g/l by using the above condition. The best result of xylose yield obtained was 126%.

Synthesis of Di(Chloroethyl) Phosphite

2013 ◽  
Vol 734-737 ◽  
pp. 2532-2535
Author(s):  
Hong Ying Chu ◽  
Zhi Ran Chen
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Phosphorus Trichloride ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Orthogonal Method ◽  
Ft Ir

Organic intermediate di (chloroethyl) phosphite was synthesized in this work. The influence of reaction temperature, reaction time and solvent on the yield of product was investigated with orthogonal method. The experiment results show that the optimal conditions were molar ration of 2-chloroethannol / phosphorus trichloride 4.0:1, reaction temperature 65~75 °C, reaction time 4h, solvent 60 mL, and the yield of the product reached 89.5%. The asprepared di (chloroethyl) phosphite samples were further characterized by FT-IR and NMR.

Catalytic Methoxycarbonylation of 1,6-Hexamethylenediamine with Methyl Carbamate to Dimethylhexane-1,6-Dicarbamate

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 490-493
Author(s):  
Bing Han ◽  
Wen Bo Zhao ◽  
Xian Ye Qin ◽  
Yan Hong Li ◽  
Wei Wei
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Lead Dioxide ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Methyl Carbonate

A series of metal oxides were employed as catalysts for the synthesis of dimethylhexane -1,6-dicarbamate(HDC) from 1,6-hexamethylenediamine(HDA) and methyl carbonate(MC). Lead dioxide showed excellent catalytic activity, 100% HDA conversion and 93% HDC yield could be achieved at 463K for 6h. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and catalyst amount on the yield of HDC were investigated in details.

The Synthesis of Cephalosporin Intermediates THZ

2013 ◽  
Vol 709 ◽  
pp. 801-804
Author(s):  
Cheng Xue Wang ◽  
Xu Feng Liu ◽  
Zhen Ma
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Ring Opening Reaction ◽  
Ft Ir

Starting from Penicillin G,the THZ was synthesized through three main steps:esterification,oxidation and ring-opening. The effects of various reaction temperature,reaction time and ratio of reactants on the ring-opening reaction were investigated.The yields of its three step reaction are 91%,95.8% and 77.3%,respectively.The products were characterized by FT-IR,HNMR,Elemental analysis and MS. At 90~95°C and 0.04~0.05Mpa, the yield of THZ was 77.3%.

Characterization of ZSM-5 during Conversion of Glucose to Levulinic Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 260-261 ◽  
pp. 1206-1209
Author(s):  
Ying Liu ◽  
Lu Lin ◽  
Xiao Yu Sui ◽  
Jun Ping Zhuang ◽  
Chun Sheng Pang
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Characteristic Peak ◽  
Relative Crystallinity ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Hydroxymethyl Furfural ◽  
Good Catalytic Activity ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The effects of catalyst amount on the yields of levulinic and hydroxymethyl furfural were investigated during conversion of glucose to levulinic acid catalyzed by ZSM-5. XRD and XPS were used to analyse the characteristics of ZSM-5 before reaction and after reaction. The results showed that: ZSM-5 exhibited good catalytic activity in the reaction of hydrolysis of glucose to produce levulinic acid. The characteristic peak of ZSM-5 molecular sieve did not change after reaction compared to that of before reaction. The relative crystallinity of ZSM-5 decreased after reaction, which caused the catalytic activity decline. The surface O, Si and Al content of ZSM-5 decreased greatly. The increase of element C was the main reason of inactivation of catalyst.

Study on Synthesis of the High Aspect Ratios Nesquehonite Whiskers

2011 ◽  
Vol 239-242 ◽  
pp. 1118-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ping Ke Yan ◽  
Bin Wang ◽  
Yu Juan Gao
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Solution Method ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Aspect Ratios ◽  
Whisker Length ◽  
Aqueous Solution Method

In this paper, nesquehonite whiskers were synthesized by low-temperature aqueous solution method, and the impacts of reaction temperature, reaction time and surfactant dosage and other factors on the maximum whisker length and high aspect ratios of nesquehonite whiskers were also investigated. Results showed that under the conditions that the reaction temperature was 40 – 50 °C the reaction time was 50 – 60min and the amount of surfactant dosage was 1% (by mass), high aspect ratios nesquehonite whisker products can be synthesized. On this basis, growth mechanism of the nesquehonite whiskers was discussed.

The Synthesis of Levulinic Acid Synthesis from Glucose Using ZSM-5 Zeolite Catalyst

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 782-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Ping Zhuang ◽  
Chun Sheng Pang ◽  
Ying Liu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Levulinic Acid ◽  
Zeolite Catalyst ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Acid Synthesis ◽  
Temperature Reaction ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Fuels And Chemicals ◽  
Broad Variety

Levulinic acid （LA）is a highly versatile platform chemical that can be converted into a broad variety of value-added fuels and chemicals. LA can be produced from the botanic biomass by hydrolyzing. The aim of the present study is to investigate the conversion of glucose to LA by ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst for LA production and optimized to obtain the maximum yield of LA. The main experimental parameters are the amount of ZSM-5 zeolite added, reaction temperature, reaction time and concentration of glucose. The results showed that the optimization of the conversion of glucose to LA by ZSM-5 zeolite. An optimized LA yield was obtained at 190 °C for 2.5 h with 3 g ZSM-5 zeolite catalys and the highest LA yield was 69. 32%.

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