Research on the Differences in the Properties of the Crude Oil between H2O Flooding and Polymer Flooding

2013 ◽  
Vol 411-414 ◽  
pp. 2983-2988
Author(s):  
Hong Bao Liang ◽  
Xiao Na Dong ◽  
Ying Chen ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Xiang Dong Di
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Polymer Flooding ◽  
Emulsifying Properties ◽  
Exhalation Rate ◽  
Adsorption Method ◽  
Crude Oil Production ◽  
The Stability

Abstract: The Polymer is one of the efficient ways to increase to the crude oil production rate,but this method has big impact on the properties of crude oil. We studied the differences between the Polymer flooding sample and H2O flooding sample experimentally.The adsorption method was adopted to analyze the content of resins and asphaltenes in the oil samples. By measuring the exhalation rate of the H2O, the stability of the emulsifying properties which are affected by the resins and asphaltenes were studied. Then, we measured the viscosity and the interfacial tension of the crude oil samples to further explore the differences.The results shows that the contents of resins and asphaltenes and the stability of the emulsion in the Polymer flooding oil sample are all higher than that in the H2O flooding oil sample, the interfacial tension and the viscosity of the produced water in the Polymer flooding oil sample are all lower than that in the H2O flooding oil sample.

scholarly journals The Demulsification Properties of Cationic Hyperbranched Polyamidoamines for Polymer Flooding Emulsions and Microemulsions

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangang Bi ◽  
Zhi Tan ◽  
Liang Wang ◽  
Wusong Li ◽  
Congcong Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Polymer Flooding ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Tertiary Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Concentration ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Excellent Stability ◽  
Demulsification Efficiency

Polymer flooding emulsions and microemulsions caused by tertiary oil recovery technologies are harmful to the environment due to their excellent stability. Two cationic hyperbranched polyamidoamines (H-PAMAM), named as H-PAMAM-HA and H-PAMAM-ETA, were obtained by changing the terminal denotation agents to H-PAMAM, which was characterized by 1H NMR, FT-IR, and amine possession, thereby confirmed the modification. Samples (300 mg/L) were added to the polymer flooding emulsion (1500 mg/L oil concentration) at 30 °C for 30 min and the H-PAMAM-HA and H-PAMAM-ETA were shown to perform at 88% and 91% deoil efficiency. Additionally, the increased settling time and the raised temperature enhanced performance. For example, an oil removal ratio of 97.7% was observed after dealing with the emulsion for 30 min at 60 °C, while 98.5% deoil efficiency was obtained after 90 min at 45 °C for the 300 mg/L H-PAMAM-ETA. To determine the differences when dealing with the emulsion, the interfacial tension, ζ potential, and turbidity measurements were fully estimated. Moreover, diametrically different demulsification mechanisms were found when the samples were utilized to treat the microemulsion. The modified demulsifiers showed excellent demulsification efficiency via their obvious electroneutralization and bridge functions, while the H-PAMAM appeared to enhance the stability of the microemulsion.

Pilot Study on Ultrafiltration of Produced Water from Polymer Flooding for Reuse

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1266-1269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Xu ◽  
Wen Xin Shi ◽  
Shui Li Yu ◽  
Wen Ming Qu
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Produced Water ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Polymer Flooding ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Operation Conditions ◽  
Membrane Flux ◽  
Crossflow Velocity ◽  
Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide

Produced water from polymer flooding (PWfPF) in oilfield is high contents of crude oil, total suspension substance (TSS), hydrolyzed polyacrylamide and salinity. Most existing traditional processes in China are incapable to treat PWfPF to meet the reinjection water quality for low and ultra-low permeability reservoirs. In the present paper, a hydrophilized tubular polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane with a total active area of 110 m2 manufactured by our laboratory was used for ultrafiltration of the PWfPF. The temperature and volume reduction factor (VRF) of the PWfPF were fixed at 37 °C and 4, respectively. The influences of transmembrane pressure (TMP) and crossflow velocity on the membrane flux were investigated. The experimental results showed that a TMP of 0.20 MPa and crossflow velocity of 4.5 m/s were the optimum operation conditions. Under the above conditions, long-term filtration experiments were conducted for 12 months to evaluate the effectiveness of the membrane. The obtained results revealed that the membrane average flux could reach 75 L/(m2•h) and the flux recovery was more than 95%. In the permeate, the content of crude oil and turbidity were respectively lower than 1 mg/L and 1 NTU, while the TSS was consistently below detection limits (2.5 mg/L), all of which reached the highest reinjection criteria for oilfield in China and demonstrated that the membrane has a good anti-fouling characteristics to PWfPF.

scholarly journals Influence of surfactants used in surfactant-polymer flooding on the stability of Gudong crude oil emulsion

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoxia Dong ◽  
Meiqin Lin ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Mingyuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Polymer Flooding ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
The Stability

Energy in the 1980s - Oil reserves and production

1974 ◽  
Vol 276 (1261) ◽  
pp. 453-462 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Production Rate ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Oil Reserves ◽  
Recoverable Reserves ◽  
World Energy ◽  
Crude Oil Production ◽  
Increasing Demand

The growth of world energy requirements over the last two decades has created an increasing demand for crude oil. Production has doubled in each of the decades to meet the demand and it is forecast that the demand for crude oil will continue to increase to 1985. The annual production rate has now reached the level of the average annual discoveries over the last 25 years, and the remaining proved recoverable reserves will probably decline continuously as production rates continue to grow. The declining reserves will be insufficient to support the forecast demand after about 1978 when the demand may be limited by the availability of crude oil. It is estimated that about half of the ultimate recoverable reserves have been found to date. The discovery of the remaining reserves will present difficult technical problems.

The Stability and Breakage of Oil-in-water From Polymer Flooding Produced Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (20) ◽  
pp. 2082-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. X. Liu ◽  
X. T. Zhao ◽  
W. Liang ◽  
J. W. Li
Keyword(s):  
Produced Water ◽  
Polymer Flooding ◽  
Oil In Water ◽  
The Stability

scholarly journals Study of Influences of Fracture Additives on Stability of Crude Oil Emulsion

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-128
Author(s):  
Hongbo Fang ◽  
Mingxia Wang ◽  
Xiaoyun Liu ◽  
Weinan Jin ◽  
Xiangyang Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Oil Recovery ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Stable Emulsion ◽  
Water Emulsion ◽  
High Efficient ◽  
Fracture Fluid ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
The Stability

Background: A hydraulic fracture is a key technology to increase production of the low permeability oil fields. Fracture additives such as gels, friction reducers, pH adjusters and clay stabilizers were injected into the underground. While more than 50% of the fracture fluid remains underground. The residue of fracture fluid comes out with the produced liquid (a mixture of crude oil and water) in the subsequent oil recovery process, which results in a highly stable crude oil-water emulsion. Objective: The stability and stable mechanism of the emulsion with fracture fluid have been experimentally investigated. Materials and Methods: The influences of fracture additives and components of crude oil on the stability of emulsion were investigated by bottle test and microscopic examination. The interfacial tension and modulus of dilation were explored by a spinning drop interfacial tension meter and an interface expansion rheometer, respectively. Results: The fracture additives played the key role on the emulsion stability. On one hand, the interface energy of oil-water was reduced by friction reducer (IFT was decreased from 24.0 mN/m to 1.9 mN/m), which was a favor for the formation of an emulsion. On the other hand, the dilational modulus of crude oil-water film was increased by hydroxypropyl guar and pH adjuster (Na2CO3) to form a viscoelastic film, which resulted in a highly stable emulsion. Conclusion: The residual fracture fluid accompanied by produced liquid resulted in a highly stable emulsion. The emulsion with fracture additives was difficult to be broken, which may affect the normal production of the oil field. A positive strategy such as developing demulsifier with high efficient should be put onto the schedule.

scholarly journals Model for Rheological Behavior of Crude Oil and Alkali-Surfactant- Polymer Emulsion

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renyi Cao ◽  
Linsong Cheng ◽  
Y. Zee Ma
Keyword(s):  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Rheological Behavior ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Chemical Flooding ◽  
Oil Emulsion ◽  
Rheological Experiments ◽  
Water Cut ◽  
The Stability

Characterization of rheological behavior of alkali-surfactant-polymer (ASP) solution and oil emulsion is difficult, due to the complex chemical components and various physiochemical reactions with oil during chemical flooding. Through rheological experiments of ASP and crude oil emulsion, this paper presents the studies on influencing factors of rheological behavior, including interfacial tension, polymer and water cut, and discusses the stability mechanism of ASP and crude oil emulsion. The relationships among viscosity, interfacial tension, water cut and sheer rate were built through fitting the experimental data. The model and calculation can be used to more accurately simulate the ASP flooding in oil reservoirs.

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