Water Supply for Cooling Tertiary Containments for High Storage Tanks

2016 ◽  
Vol 820 ◽  
pp. 391-395
Author(s):  
Zdeněk Kadlec ◽  
Miloš Kvarčák ◽  
Adam Thomitzek ◽  
Martin Trčka
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Numerical Investigation ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Heat Balance Equation ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Minimum Quantity ◽  
High Storage

This paper presents a numerical investigation of water supply for cooling tertiary containment wall. These type of tanks are used as a part of petroleum high storage tank. Minimum quantity reasonably needed is perform by heat – balance equation. The calculation in is done for the most heat stressed wall part for a case when neighbouring tank is on fire.

Study on the Flashover Criteria for Compartmental Fires

1997 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.K. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Balance Equation ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Lower Layer ◽  
Heat Balance Equation ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Heat Temperature ◽  
Fire Environment ◽  
Smoke Layer ◽  
Mass Flow Rates ◽  
The Heat Balance

Criteria on the possibility of having flashover in a compartment fire were reviewed. The heat balance equation in the compartment was studied. The zone model CFAST 2.0 was applied to study the fire environment in a small compartment with a door of different area. Important parameters including the average upper and lower layer temperature, the smoke layer interface height, and the mass flow rates for intake air and outgoing smoke were calculated. Those pre dicted results were substituted back to the heat balance equation for determining the possibility of having flashover. The analysis shows that it is possible to deter mine the likelihood for flashover by using a well-validated zone model. From the heat-temperature curves derived, effect of the sprinkler can also be studied.

Evapotranspiration Estimate by Heat Balance Equation

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadashi Takakura ◽  
Kotaro Takayama ◽  
Hiroshige Nishina ◽  
Kazuaki Tamura ◽  
and Shinji Muta
Keyword(s):  
Balance Equation ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Heat Balance Equation

scholarly journals The heat loss calculating methods of external walls in the buildings reconstruction

2018 ◽  
Vol 230 ◽  
pp. 02038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varvara Vinnichenko ◽  
Azat Gabitov ◽  
Aleksandr Salov ◽  
Askar Gaisin ◽  
Dmitriy Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Heat Loss ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Operating Experience ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Heat Balance Equation ◽  
The Heat Balance ◽  
Window Frames

Heat loss analysis in cladding of brick buildings under reconstruction is presented. Thermograms obtained under thermovision inspection and window systems operating experience in conditions of the Republic of Bashkortostan are thoroughly studied. Live issue of increasing buildings energy performance in public utilities sector may largely be solved by replacement of existing window units made of wood to new PVC profile windows equipped with multi-glazed glass units both in brick and frame-panel old buildings. Significant heat loss occurs in junctions between the window frames and the wall in jamb areas. Therefore for the heat conduction matrix for the finite element is used the heat balance equation. Use of the software application to choose certain measures to eliminate the thermal bridges enables to get the thermotechnical calculations in the junction between the window and the exterior wall in the form of temperature fields. Practical recommendations for arrangement of heat insulation in junctions between the window frames and the wall to eliminate actual defects and for normal room conditions are made under examinations. To get the heat conduction matrix for the finite element we will use the heat balance equation.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of large household water storage tanks for protecting the quality of drinking water

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jay P. Graham ◽  
James VanDerslice
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Storage Tank ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Free Chlorine ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Water Delivery ◽  
Storage Tanks ◽  
Total Coliforms

Many communities along the US-México border remain without infrastructure for water and sewage. Residents in these communities often collect and store their water in open 55-gallon drums. This study evaluated changes in drinking water quality resulting from an intervention that provided large closed water storage tanks (2,500-gallons) to individual homes lacking a piped water supply. After the intervention, many of the households did not change the source of their drinking water to the large storage tanks. Therefore, water quality results were first compared based on the source of the household's drinking water: store or vending machine, large tank, or collected from a public supply and transported by the household. Of the households that used the large storage tank as their drinking water supply, drinking water quality was generally of poorer quality. Fifty-four percent of samples collected prior to intervention had detectable levels of total coliforms, while 82% of samples were positive nine months after the intervention (p < 0.05). Exploratory analyses were also carried out to measure water quality at different points between collection by water delivery trucks and delivery to the household's large storage tank. Thirty percent of the samples taken immediately after water was delivered to the home had high total coliforms (>10 CFU/100 ml). Mean free chlorine levels dropped from 0.43 mg/l, where the trucks filled their tanks, to 0.20 mg/l inside the household's tank immediately after delivery. Results of this study have implications for interventions that focus on safe water treatment and storage in the home, and for guidelines regarding the level of free chlorine required in water delivered by water delivery trucks.

A Computer Model of Glaze Accretion on Wires

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Draganoiu ◽  
L. Lamarche ◽  
P. McComber
Keyword(s):  
Computer Model ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Heat Balance Equation ◽  
Ice Accretion ◽  
Surface Geometry ◽  
Related Field ◽  
The Heat Balance

The design of power transmission lines requires a knowledge of combined wind and ice loading and of the dynamic behavior of wires loaded with ice accretion. The calculation of the wind forces, in turn, imposes a need for a more detailed computer model for determining glaze accretion shape. For this purpose, a computer model of glaze accretion on wires, was developed. It is based on experimental results in the area of ice accretion on wires, as well as on results in the related field of the glaze ice accretion on airfoils. The model incorporates the time dependent on feedback between the growing accretion and the air stream, the variation of the heat transfer coefficient around the cylinder, and the surface runback of water. The main components of the model are the computation of the air flow field, the computation of the impingement water at the control volume level, the solving of the heat balance equation, and the computation of the accretion shape on the wire. The surface air velocity is obtained through the solution of the potential flow around the iced wire and wake, followed by the integration on the surface of the laminar boundary layer. The water flux is computed in each control Volume down to the separation point. The heat balance equation derived from the energy equation is solved to determine the freezing fraction and the resulting modified ice surface geometry.

Infrared Biosensor Test System under Pulsed Bias Voltage

2013 ◽  
Vol 411-414 ◽  
pp. 1539-1545
Author(s):  
Jia Yin Zhang ◽  
Tao Dong ◽  
Kai Ying Wang ◽  
Yan Su ◽  
Yong He
Keyword(s):  
Bias Voltage ◽  
Balance Equation ◽  
Heat Balance ◽  
Test System ◽  
Heat Balance Equation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Usb Interface ◽  
Biosensor Array

Infrared biosensor has been a hot area of research for several years in infrared field. This paper proposes a method to test infrared biosensor array which is not bonding with ROIC. The presented ROIC-less infrared biosensor is encapsulated in a vacuum chip scale packaging, and we design the off-chip “ROIC” in order to read out signal of infrared biosensor. It is necessary to apply bias voltage on pixels when infrared biosensor works, we gave a simulation of infrared biosensor in pulsed bias votage mode according to the infrared biosensor heat balance equation. Based on the simulation result, we have implemented the test system for ROIC-less and small-scale infrared biosensor array. We use FPGA as main controller to readout the infrared signal and transfer the data to PC via USB interface.

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