The Applied Research of Cement-Soil in the Road and Bridge Design

2014 ◽  
Vol 1030-1032 ◽  
pp. 885-888
Author(s):  
Yong Chun Cheng ◽  
Ji Zhong Zhao ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Jing Lin Tao ◽  
Yu Bo Jiao
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Foundation Soil ◽  
The Road ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Actual Design ◽  
Construction Experience ◽  
Bridge Foundation ◽  
Cement Soil ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Design And Construction

Based on the actual design and construction experience, the application of cement-soil in road and bridge foundation is designed. First of all, the basic parameters of foundation soil are determined through coring; then, the mix proportion of cement-soil is designed; Finally, the structural design is conducted on cement-soil according to different usages. The results show that using the cement-soil to improve the road and bridge subgrade, it can not only effectively improve the subgrade strength and durability, but also be convenient for construction, save a lot of building materials and reduce the project cost, which has a great guiding significance on the design and construction of the bridge.

YÜKSEK YAPILARIN TASARIMLARININ VE YAPIM TEKNİKLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 289-304
Author(s):  
Ahmet Cihat ARI
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Population Increase ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Construction Techniques ◽  
New Construction ◽  
High Structure ◽  
The City ◽  
Design And Construction

With the increase of the population recently, changes have occurred in the design and construction techniques of the buildings due to the insufficient building stock. With the development of science and technology, new construction techniques have emerged in the construction and design of structures. In the global population increase, high-rise buildings were built to meet the need for shelter and these structures were built with the development of technology. However, high-rise buildings have become the symbol of technological development for countries and cities. Since the 21st century, the construction of high-rise buildings in cities with different designs and new construction techniques has provided the development of architecture and engineering. It is important to design high-rise buildings in accordance with the culture and texture of the city. In addition, high-rise buildings should be built as structures resistant to natural disasters such as earthquakes, fires and floods. For this reason, the design and construction techniques of high-rise buildings have become a research subject in the field of architecture and engineering. The aim of this study is to examine the designs and construction techniques of high-rise buildings. In the first part of the study, the concept of high rise building and its historical development are discussed. In the second part of the study, the designs and construction techniques of high-rise buildings are investigated. In addition, the study was conducted to examine the high structure by giving examples from the world and Turkey. Within the scope of the study, literature researches such as domestic and international articles, books, published theses, web resources were conducted and data were collected. As a result of the examinations made within the scope of the study, it is important to select the building materials in accordance with the characteristics of the building materials in the design and construction techniques of high-rise buildings with the development of technology. Therefore, the architect should know the properties of the materials in the design of high-rise buildings and use them in accordance with the properties of the material in the construction of the buildings. In addition, increasing the height of the building by making aerodynamic designs in high buildings reduces the effect of the wind speed.

scholarly journals Strength and Durability Performance of Alkali-Activated Rice Husk Ash Geopolymer Mortar

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Yong Kim ◽  
Byung-Jae Lee ◽  
Velu Saraswathy ◽  
Seung-Jun Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Rice Husk Ash ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Strength Development ◽  
Geopolymer Concrete ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Mix Proportion ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
Alkali Activated

This paper describes the experimental investigation carried out to develop the geopolymer concrete based on alkali-activated rice husk ash (RHA) by sodium hydroxide with sodium silicate. Effect on method of curing and concentration of NaOH on compressive strength as well as the optimum mix proportion of geopolymer mortar was investigated. It is possible to achieve compressive strengths of 31 N/mm2and 45 N/mm2, respectively for the 10 M alkali-activated geopolymer mortar after 7 and 28 days of casting when cured for 24 hours at 60°C. Results indicated that the increase in curing period and concentration of alkali activator increased the compressive strength. Durability studies were carried out in acid and sulfate media such as H2SO4, HCl, Na2SO4, and MgSO4environments and found that geopolymer concrete showed very less weight loss when compared to steam-cured mortar specimens. In addition, fluorescent optical microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies have shown the formation of new peaks and enhanced the polymerization reaction which is responsible for strength development and hence RHA has great potential as a substitute for ordinary Portland cement concrete.

The Innovation of Natural Rubber Applied with Concrete Road Barriers in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
Weeradej Cheewapattananuwong ◽  
Pathom Chaloeywares
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Natural Rubber Latex ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
The Road ◽  
Crash Testing ◽  
Road Crash ◽  
Mitigation Methods ◽  
Strength And Durability

The Development of Natural Rubber for Traffic Devices in Thailand has been researched in several years. The enormous budgets have also been invested for the increasing of rubber prices. One of Traffic Devices is the application of natural rubber sheets for the protection of motorists - driving motorcycles as crashed through concrete barriers. The number of road side accidents on rural roads in Thailand is about 3 fatality per 10 kilometers. Therefore, the 11.20 MTB per a Fatality of accident cost is evaluated to be 3,360 TB per km. This leads to the mitigation methods to remedy a symptom’s motorist from severity to moderate and mild respectively. The solution is to find the best practice of road barrier which is applied with natural rubber latex glued with concrete barrier. In addition, the composite materials will be calculated of the modulus of elasticity and properties such as, strength and durability. The simulation of crashes, finite element of materials, LRFD and Concrete Technology methods will be taken into consideration. The testing of material in Thailand will be firstly applied for these, for example the road crash testing under the standard of NCHRP – TL3 (100 kph) will be taken into account.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Road Transport Pollutant Emissions from Transporting Building Materials to the Construction Site by Replacing Old Vehicles

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9316
Author(s):  
Sehee Han ◽  
Seunguk Na ◽  
Nam-Gi Lim
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Construction Site ◽  
The Road ◽  
Diesel Vehicles ◽  
Material Transportation

Since the life cycle of a building spans more than 50 years, studies of the environmental impacts in the construction industry have focused on reducing the energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions during the operation and maintenance phase. The products of the construction industry are assembled using various building materials manufactured outside of the construction site. Consequently, it is essential that the manufactured building materials be transported to the construction site using various types of transportation methods. However, there is a lack of studies that assess the pollutant emissions of road transport while executing a construction project. The purpose of this study is to investigate the changes in the road pollutant emissions when the old diesel vehicles for transporting building materials are replaced according to enhanced pollutant emission regulations. In this study, we found that approximately 89, 64, 77, and 64% of NOx, VOC, PM, and CO, respectively, were emitted during transportation of building materials as a proportion of the emissions during the construction of the structure. The analyzed results also show that about 10, 35, 23, and 35% of NOx, VOC, PM, and CO, respectively, were generated from material transportation as a proportion of the emissions from finishing the work. It is expected that a reduction in pollutant emissions from transporting building materials of up to approximately 64, 39, 49, and 27% of NOx, VOC, PM, and CO, respectively, can be achieved when vehicles registered before 2003 are replaced with ones that adhere to the tightened regulations.

Technical Capabilities of Concrete and its Structure Defects

2019 ◽  
Vol 974 ◽  
pp. 255-260
Author(s):  
Ludmila A. Suleymanova
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Structure Defects ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
Physicochemical Basis ◽  
Strength And Durability ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Durability Of Concrete

Theoretical and experimental materials for analyzing the technical capabilities of concrete are generalized and the physicochemical basis for the strength and durability of concrete is developed on the basis of the recent advances in building materials science and other sciences. That may increase the traditional concrete potential use and most importantly – to create the most firm and durable concrete of the new generation.

scholarly journals Research on Membrane Structure Performance

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 01014
Author(s):  
Xuyu Tian ◽  
Shuntao Wu ◽  
Peiling He ◽  
Xiong Zhou ◽  
Zhaonian Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Structure ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Membrane Material ◽  
Membrane Materials ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
New Form ◽  
Opening And Closing ◽  
The City ◽  
Design And Construction

Membrane materials and open-close roof buildings are new building materials and structural forms, which have developed rapidly in recent years. This new form of close combination of architecture and nature has enriched the connotation of architecture, exhibited the city, but also to the architectural design and construction has brought great challenges. Through the research and analysis of the performance of the membrane material, this study provides a reference for the design and construction of the domestic membrane material for the opening and closing roof structure.

scholarly journals Guidance on Design and Construction of the Built Environment Against Wildland Urban Interface Fire Hazard: A Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 1853-1883 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Intini ◽  
Enrico Ronchi ◽  
Steven Gwynne ◽  
Noureddine Bénichou
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Built Environment ◽  
Fire Protection ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Wildland Urban Interface ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Risk Areas ◽  
Design And Construction

Abstract Wildland-Urban Interface (WUI) fires, a worldwide problem, are gaining more importance over time due to climate change and increased urbanization in WUI areas. Some jurisdictions have provided standards, codes and guidelines, which may greatly help planning, prevention and protection against wildfires. This work presents a wide systematic review of standards, codes and guidelines for the design and construction of the built environment against WUI fire hazard from North American, European, Oceanic countries, alongside with trans-national codes. The main information reviewed includes: the definition of WUI hazards, risk areas and related severity classes, the influence of land and environmental factors, the requirements for building materials, constructions, utilities, fire protection measures and road access. Some common threads among the documents reviewed have been highlighted. They include similar attempts at: (a) defining WUI risk areas and severity classes, (b) considering land factors including the defensible space (also known as ignition zones), (c) prescribing requirements for buildings and access. The main gaps highlighted in the existing standards/guidelines include lacks of detailed and widespread requirements for resources, fire protection measures, and lacks of taking into account environmental factors in detail. The main design and construction principles contained in the reviewed documents are largely based on previous research and/or good practices. Hence, the main contributions of this paper consist in: (a) systematically disseminate these guidance concepts, (b) setting a potential basis for the development of standards/guidelines in other jurisdictions lacking dedicated WUI fire design guidance, (c) highlighting gaps in existing standards/guidelines to be addressed by current and future research.

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