Grouting technology and construction schemes of a tunnel in aeolian stratum: a case study of Shenmu No. 1 tunnel

The naturally formed aeolian sand dunes in northern Shaanxi exhibit unique engineering characteristics. Several challenges, such as the poor self-stabilization ability of the surrounding rock, difficultly in injecting grout, and insufficient construction experience, restrict the construction of road tunnels under this stratum. Therefore, in this study, a case study of the Shenmu No. 1 tunnel was conducted to investigate the engineering characteristics of aeolian sand tunnels, compare the grouting effects of commonly used grouting materials, and discuss the reinforcement effects of different construction schemes in aeolian sand tunnels. Based on a field grouting test, it was determined that it is difficult to inject ordinary cement grout into an aeolian sand layer. Furthermore, it was determined that superfine cement grout and modified sodium silicate grout can be injected, but the former exhibits a poor reinforcement effect. Additionally, results of numerical analysis indicated that an approach based on a concept of “horizontal jet grouting pile + benching partial excavation method with a temporary invert” is suitable for the construction of tunnels in aeolian sand in China.

Mode Selection of the Implementation and Construction of Projects on the Comprehensive Utilization of Mineral Resources: A Feasibility Study for Higher Education

Projects for the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources involve multi-disciplinary technology and management knowledge. However, enterprises often do not have relevant technical reserves and construction experience, thus posing difficulties in balancing the cost, progress, quality, and other indicators of construction while considering the team building of enterprises If not resolved, these problems may lead to resource wastage and low rates of comprehensive resource utilization. This paper introduces the advantages and disadvantages of Outsourcing, Self-management, Consultant, and Joint Management Modes in handling such projects. Taking a mining company in Guangxi as an example, the pros and cons of the above modes are analysed from different perspectives according to the actual situation of the enterprise being studied. The study’s findings have some guiding significance and can provide a comprehensively practical view from an educational significance perspective for enterprises who are planning to implement project construction.

Green Construction: Status and Prospects of Shenzhen Construction Industry’s “Double Carbon” Goal

Shenzhen has extensive green construction experience as one of China’s new green development pilot cities. Shenzhen has experienced substantial economic growth as a result of the reform and opening up, but it has also had to face the burden of urbanization problems and difficulties. This article looks at the history of green construction in Shenzhen and how the spirit of the city influenced it. The work then divides the procedure into two phases and examines the issues that arise. Suggestions for achieving the “Double Carbon” aim in the building industry are sought through this effort.

Creating the Integrated Model for Conceptual Engineering of Reservoir Management and Field Facilities Construction – Experience of Tazovskoe Oil and Gas-Condensate Field.

The paper describes the experience of building a full-field integrated model (PK1 reservoir) of the Tazovskoye field, including a model of the reservoir, wells, and a gathering network, taking into account the external transportation system. In order to integrate the features of the field, such as the simultaneous development of a thin oil rim and a gas cap, high growth rates of the gas-oil ratio, oil wells - both ESP-operated and flowing, algorithms and tools have been developed, which are discussed in the paper. The results of the integrated model runs are given, main features of the solutions are highlighted.

Application of factory-applied epoxy coatings for corrosion protection of buried trunk pipelines

При сооружении трубопроводов в России, странах Европы и Африки наиболее распространенным является применение труб с трехслойными полиэтиленовыми покрытиями. В то же время опыт строительства магистральных нефте- и газопроводов в США, Канаде, ряде других стран свидетельствует о возможности использования эпоксидных покрытий в качестве эффективной антикоррозионной защиты труб. В этой связи была начата научно-исследовательская работа по определению целесообразности применения двухслойных эпоксидных покрытий для антикоррозионной защиты магистральных трубопроводов подземной прокладки, эксплуатируемых организациями системы «Транснефть». Цель настоящего исследования - оценка технической и экономической целесообразности использования эпоксидных покрытий как альтернативы полиэтиленовой изоляции трубопроводов. Были проведены лабораторные исследования образцов трех систем эпоксидных покрытий, осуществлен сравнительный анализ технических свойств эпоксидной и полиэтиленовой изоляции. Установлено, что эпоксидные покрытия превосходят полиэтиленовые по ряду свойств, в частности обладают повышенной стойкостью к температурным воздействиям, УФ-излучению, катодному отслаиванию, а также повышенной механической прочностью, что позволяет обеспечить сохранность покрытия при строительстве трубопроводов методом наклонно-направленного бурения и прокладке в скальных грунтах. Основные мощности по производству сырья для эпоксидных порошковых покрытий локализованы в России, в то время как сырье для полиэтиленовых покрытий в основном производится за рубежом. Установлена экономическая целесообразность применения двухслойного эпоксидного покрытия как альтернативы трехслойному полиэтиленовому покрытию для трубопроводов больших диаметров - более 720 мм. Для внедрения труб с двухслойным эпоксидным покрытием на объектах ПАО «Транснефть» проводится его апробация, включающая строительство опытного участка трубопровода. When constructing pipelines in Russia, Europe, and Africa, it is the most common to use pipes with threelayer polyethylene coatings. At the same time, the oil and gas pipeline construction experience in the USA, Canada, and a number of other countries, as well as the construction of the Zapolyarye - Purpe elevated main pipeline by Transneft PJSC, indicates the possibility of using epoxy coatings as an effective pipe corrosion protection solution. In respect thereof, research study to determine the feasibility of using two-layer epoxy coatings for corrosion protection of underground pipelines operated by the Transneft system entities was instituted. The purpose of this study is to assess the technical and economic feasibility of using epoxy coatings as an alternative to polyethylene insulation of pipelines. Laboratory studies of samples of three epoxy coating systems, as well as a comparative analysis of the process properties of epoxy and polyethylene insulation were conducted. It has been established that epoxy coatings are superior to polyethylene coatings in a number of properties, in particular, they are characterized by increased resistance to temperature effects, UV radiation, cathodic disbondment, as well as increased mechanical strength, which makes it possible to ensure safety of the coating during the construction of pipelines by directional drilling and laying in rocky soils. The main production facilities for raw materials for epoxy powder coatings are localized in Russia, while raw materials for polyethylene coatings are mainly produced abroad. The economic feasibility of using a twolayer epoxy coating as an alternative to a three-layer polyethylene coating for pipelines of large diameters (over 720 mm (28 in)) was established. Testing for the introduction of pipes with a two-layer epoxy coating at the Transneft PJSC facilities is being performed, including construction of an experimental pipeline section.

Research on Key Technologies of Construction Of Tunnel in Aeolian Stratum: A Case Study of Shenmu No. 1 Tunnel

The naturally formed aeolian sand dunes in northern Shaanxi have unique engineering characteristics. Several difficulties restrict the construction of road tunnels under this stratum, such as the poor self-stabilization ability of the surrounding rock, difficultly in injecting grout, and insufficient construction experience. Therefore, in this study, a case study of the Shenmu No. 1 tunnel was conducted to investigate the engineering characteristics of aeolian sand tunnels, compare the grouting effects of commonly used grouting materials, and discuss the reinforcement effects of different construction schemes in aeolian sand tunnels. Based on a field grouting test, it was found that it is difficult to inject ordinary cement grout into an aeolian sand layer; superfine cement grout and modified sodium silicate grout can be injected, but the former has a poor reinforcement effect. Through numerical analysis, it is found that an approach based on a concept of “horizontal jet grouting pile + benching partial excavation method with a temporary invert” is suitable for the construction of tunnels in aeolian sand in China.

Research on Public Fitness Equipment Experience Based on Satisfaction

In order to improve the user experience of public fitness equipment, based on the principles of experience design principle, the Norman 3-level theory is used to obtain product materials, using safety, equipment practicality, product interest, and humanistic construction experience. The 5-level Likert evaluation scale is used to conduct a satisfaction survey on the index factors. According to the score, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is applied to calculate the weights and average satisfaction values of the first and second indexes and discover the practical characteristics, interesting characteristics, and humanities of users. The characteristic satisfaction is low. The IPA model is used to analyze and evaluate the position of each evaluation index factor quadrant, and the experience factors that need improvement are obtained. In view of the analysis results, suggestions for advancement of public fitness equipment and factors in urgent need of improvement are put forward, and the safety experience refine design of the stroller is provided, which offers an effective reference for the experience design of public fitness equipment.

Augmented reality for enabling un- and under-trained individuals to complete specialty construction tasks

The construction industry is facing a severe labor shortage that is threatening the performance of projects around the world. Advanced technologies may be able to alleviate the effects of this labor cliff. Specifically, Augmented Reality (AR) has been shown to enhance the performance of current industry professionals completing different construction tasks and is also being explored as a learning tool for students and technicians alike. This research studies if AR can be used as a tool to enable untrained individuals to complete construction tasks. Three groups were identified for this research: construction professionals, construction students, and individuals with no construction experience. All three groups completed two construction tasks with AR, including the assembly of prefabricated electrical conduit and the layout of electrical devices in a room. The results show that all three groups completed the task in statistically similar times; however, the work of individuals with no construction experience had significantly lower accuracy during the electrical device layout task. These results suggest that construction companies may be able to leverage untrained individuals to perform certain construction tasks with AR, enabling trained and experienced professionals to focus on more challenging tasks.