Effects of Acetate on Metabolism of Anaerobic Ammonium-Oxidizing Bacteria

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 297-300
Author(s):  
Jia Jing Sun ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Luo Wang ◽  
Xiao Bo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Organic Matters ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anammox Process

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process is a heated researched biotechnology for nitrogen removal in wastewater. The application of the process is limited due to its long start-up time and sensitivity to organic matters. This paper discussed the effects of acetate on anammox process. The nitrogen removal rate of anammox process was elevated at low acetate content (1 mmol/L) and decreased at high acetate content (3 and 4 mmol/L). The ratios among NH4+-N, NO2--N and NO3--N were not related acetate content and remained at 1:1.50:0.07, but the ratios between acetate and three forms of nitrogen were acetate dependent.

Effects of Butyrate on Autotrophic Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (Annammox)

2014 ◽  
Vol 675-677 ◽  
pp. 410-415
Author(s):  
Hang Li ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Zhi Xing Li ◽  
Xiao Bo Chen
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Organic Matters ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anammox Process

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) process is a heated researched biotechnology for nitrogen removal in wastewater. The application of the process is limited due to its long start-up time and sensitivity to organic matters. This paper discussed the effects of butyrate on anammox process. The nitrogen removal rate of anammox process was elevated at low butyrate content (1 mmol/L) and decreased at high butyrate content (3 mmol/L). NH4+-N:NO2--N:NO3--N:butyrate ratio was 1:1.25:0.08:0.04 and 1:7.26:0.10:1.85 when butyrate concentration was 1 mmol/L and 3 mmol/L.

scholarly journals Study on Rapid Start-up of Anammox Process under the Influence of Magnetic Field

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 03051
Author(s):  
Jiabin Wang ◽  
Cong Yu ◽  
Shoubin Zhang ◽  
Tianhang Li ◽  
Dong Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Oxidation Process ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Relationship Analysis ◽  
Start Up

In order to study the rapid start-up technology of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process, a comparison test of no magnetic field and magnetic field was performed in two identical ASBR reactors R1 and R2 respectively. The results show that both reactors can successfully start Anammox. The R2 start-up period (75d) of the applied magnetic field is shortened by 15% compared with the unloaded magnetic field R1 start-up period (90d); the R2 ammonia-nitrogen removal rate is 97% higher than that of 95% of R1. The quantitative relationship analysis between NH4+-N, NO2--N and NO3--N shows that the change of R2 ratio is closer to the theoretical value, which can better improve the activity of microbial enzymes and accelerate the enrichment of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the reactor. It is beneficial to nitrogen removal and R2 can quickly start the anaerobic ammonium oxidation process.

scholarly journals Anammox biofilm process using sugarcane bagasse as an organic carrier

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini ◽  
Puti Sri Komala ◽  
Arief Almi
Keyword(s):  
Sugarcane Bagasse ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Biofilm Process ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anammox Process

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) biofilm process commonly uses various inorganic carriers to enhance nitrogen removal under anaerobic conditions. This study aims to analyze the performance of nitrogen removal in anammox process using sugarcane bagasse as an organic carrier. The experiment was carried out by using an up‐flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for treating artificial wastewater at room temperature. The reactor was fed with ammonium and nitrite with the concentrations of 70‐150 mg–N/L and variations in the hydraulic retention time of 24 and 12 h. The granular anammox belongs to the genus Candidatus Brocadia sinica that was added as an inoculum of the reactor operation. The experimental stoichiometric of anammox for ΔNO2‐–N: ΔNH4+–N and ΔNO3‐: ΔNH4+ were 1.24 and 0.18, respectively, which is similar to anammox stoichiometry. The maximum Nitrogen Removal Rate (NRR) has achieved 0.29 kg–N/m3.d at Nitrogen Loading Rate (NLR) 0.6 kg–N/m3.d. The highest ammonium conversion efficiency (ACE) and nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) were 88% and 85%, respectively. Based on this results, it indicated that sugarcane bagasse as organic carriers could increase the amount of total nitrogen removal by provided of denitrification process but inhibited the anammox process at a certain COD concentration.

High nitrogen removal rate using ANAMMOX process at short hydraulic retention time

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 968-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Casagrande ◽  
A. Kunz ◽  
M. C. De Prá ◽  
C. R. Bressan ◽  
H. M. Soares
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Uasb Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
High Nitrogen ◽  
Total N ◽  
Column Reactor ◽  
Anaerobic Sludge Blanket ◽  
Anammox Process

The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) is a chemolithoautotrophic process, which converts NH4+ to N2 using nitrite (NO2−) as the electron acceptor. This process has very high nitrogen removal rates (NRRs) and is an alternative to classical nitrification/denitrification wastewater treatment. In the present work, a strategy for nitrogen removal using ANAMMOX process was tested evaluating their performance when submitted to high loading rates and very short hydraulic retention times (HRTs). An up-flow ANAMMOX column reactor was inoculated with 30% biomass (v v−1) fed from 100 to 200 mg L−1 of total N (NO2−-N + NH4+-N) at 35 °C. After start-up and process stability the maximum NRR in the up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor was 18.3 g-N L−1 d−1 operated at 0.2 h of HRT. FISH (fluorescence in situ hybridization) analysis and process stoichiometry confirmed that ANAMMOX was the prevalent process for nitrogen removal during the experiments. The results point out that high NRRs can be obtained at very short HRTs using up-flow ANAMMOX column reactor configuration.

scholarly journals Enrichment of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria for short start-up of the anammox process: a review

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (30) ◽  
pp. 13958-13978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mumtazah Ibrahim ◽  
Norjan Yusof ◽  
Mohd Zulkhairi Mohd Yusoff ◽  
Mohd Ali Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anammox Process

scholarly journals Achieving fast start-up of anammox process by promoting the growth of anammox bacteria with FeS addition

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunzhen Zou ◽  
Beibei Guo ◽  
Xuming Zhuang ◽  
Liying Ren ◽  
Shou-Qing Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Community ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Nitrite Reductase ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Fast Start ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Anammox Process

Abstract The effects of FeS on nitrogen removal performance and microbial community of anammox process were studied. During the start-up period, the removal efficiencies of nitrite and total nitrogen were significantly improved by FeS. The addition of FeS increased the content of iron ions in the reactor and promoted the synthesis of heme c, which was involved in the formation of various enzymes. Compared with the control, the abundance of anammox bacteria in the FeS reactor was increased by 29%, and the expression level of the nirS gene (encoding cd1 type nitrite reductase containing heme) was nearly doubled. The content of nitrite reductase (ammonia-forming) in the community was increased by 26.4%. The difference in functional bacteria and enzyme contents in the microbial community resulted in a difference in nitrogen removal rate (NRR) between the two reactors. High-throughput results indicated that FeS increased the richness and diversity of microbial community and enhanced the metabolic function of the microbial community. The addition of FeS did not change the dominant position of Ca. Kuenenia in both reactors. But the relative abundance of heterotrophic denitrifying bacteria was reduced with FeS, which may be related to the inhibition effect of S2− produced by FeS.

Assessment of Inocula and N-Removal Performance of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation (ANAMMOX) for the Treatment of Aged Landfill Leachates

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2391-2398
Author(s):  
Yan He ◽  
Gong Ming Zhou ◽  
Min Sheng Huang ◽  
Min Tong
Keyword(s):  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Nitrogen Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Landfill Leachates ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Anammox Process

Three kinds of seeding sludge, i.e. conventional activated sludge, anaerobic granular sludge and the nitrifying activated sludge from the nitritation reactor treating aged leachates were evaluated in batch mode to screen the optimized inoculum for the rapid start-up of ANAMMOX reactor. The feasibility of the ANAMMOX process for the treatment of aged leachates was also investigated in a modified upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB, 0.05m3). The batch experiments revealed that the nitrifying activated sludge from the nitritation reactor could respectively achieve the NRR (nitrogen removal rate) of 0.0365 kg N/(m3.d) and the ARR (ammonium removal rate) of 0.013 kg N/(m3.d) on day 12, which were greatly higher than those of the other two tested sludge samples. The mixture of the aforementioned nitrifying activated sludge and anaerobic granular sludge was established as an effective inoculum for the prompt start-up of ANAMMOX reactor. The maximum total nitrogen removal rate of 0.826 kg N/(m3.d) could be obtained for the treatment of “old” leachates under NLR (nitrogen loading rate) of 1.028 kg N/(m3.d). It is concluded that the N-removal performance of ANAMMOX process is still to be improved for actual engineering application to aged landfill leachates.

scholarly journals Coupled anaerobic ammonium oxidation and hydrogenotrophic denitrification for simultaneous NH4-N and NO3-N removal

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 975-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuru Kamei ◽  
Rawintra Eamrat ◽  
Kenta Shinoda ◽  
Yasuhiro Tanaka ◽  
Futaba Kazama
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrate Removal ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Anammox Bacteria ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
N Removal ◽  
Anammox Process

Abstract Nitrate removal during anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) treatment is a concern for optimization of the anammox process. This study demonstrated the applicability and long-term stability of the coupled anammox and hydrogenotrophic denitrification (CAHD) process as an alternative method for nitrate removal. Laboratory-scale fixed bed anammox reactors (FBR) supplied with H2 to support denitrification were operated under two types of synthetic water. The FBRs showed simultaneous NH4-N and NO3-N removal, indicating that the CAHD process can support NO3-N removal during the anammox process. Intermittent H2 supply (e.g. 5 mL/min for a 1-L reactor, 14/6-min on/off cycle) helped maintain the CAHD process without deteriorating its performance under long-term operation and resulted in a nitrogen removal rate of 0.21 kg-N/m3/d and ammonium, nitrate, and dissolved inorganic nitrogen removal efficiencies of 73.4%, 80.4%, and 77%, respectively. The microbial community structure related to the CAHD process was not influenced by changes in influent water quality, and included the anammox bacteria ‘Candidatus Jettenia’ and a Sulfuritalea hydrogenivorans-like species as the dominant bacteria even after long-term reactor operation, suggesting that these bacteria are key to the CAHD process. These results indicate that the CAHD process is a promising method for enhancing the efficiency of anammox process.

scholarly journals Start-up of a full-scale partial nitritation-anammox MBBR without inoculum at Klagshamn WWTP

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (9) ◽  
pp. 2033-2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivelina Dimitrova ◽  
Agnieszka Dabrowska ◽  
Sara Ekström
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Biofilm Reactor ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
Start Up

Abstract Partial nitritation and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (PNA) is a useful process for the treatment of nitrogen-rich centrate from the dewatering of anaerobically digested sludge. A one-stage PNA moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) was started up without inoculum at Klagshamn wastewater treatment plant, southern Sweden. The reactor was designed to treat up to 200 kgN d−1, and heated dilution water was used during start-up. The nitrogen removal was >80% after 111 days of operation, and the nitrogen removal rate reached 1.8 gN m−2 d1 at 35 °C. The start-up period of the reactor was comparable to that of inoculated full-scale systems. The operating conditions of the system were found to be important, and online control of the free ammonia concentration played a crucial role. Ex situ batch activity tests were performed to evaluate process performance.

scholarly journals Promotion of partial nitritation-anammox process by improving granule proportion

2017 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 2580-2585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Cheng ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Yandong Yang ◽  
Shujun Zhang ◽  
Xiaoyu Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
System Performance ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Batch Reactors ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactors ◽  
Ammonium Oxidation ◽  
Partial Nitritation ◽  
Granule Fraction ◽  
Anammox Process

For enhancing the partial nitritation-anammox (PN/A) process, the effects of granule fraction on system performance were investigated in this study. Two sequencing batch reactors (SBRs) were inoculated with PN/A biomass with a floc mass fraction of 53%. In SBR1, when the nitrogen removal rate (NRR) was stable, flocculent sludge was gradually discharged from the reactor using a screen, and the granule fraction was therefore increased. However, nitrogen removal was not improved and finally deteriorated due to the loss of nitritation activity. In SBR2, most flocculent sludge was eliminated and granular proportion was maintained at over 90% by controlling a short settling and decanting time. NRR was low initially but gradually improved to 1.23 kg N/(m3·d), which was 54% higher than SBR1. Ammonium oxidation activities of flocs and granules were respectively measured. Results suggested that the increase of nitritation activity in the granules was the main reason for the improvement of nitrogen removal in SBR2.

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