Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation and Forming Investigation for Net-Shape Forging of Spur Gears

2010 ◽  
Vol 139-141 ◽  
pp. 626-629
Author(s):  
Shu Bo Xu ◽  
Cai Nian Jing ◽  
Gui Qing Wang ◽  
Guo Cheng Ren
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Systematic Investigation ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Precision Forging ◽  
Finite Element Numerical Simulation ◽  
Forging Die

In this paper, a new precision forging technique composite processing of the moving-die forging and divided flow forging process to form the spur gear is introduced. A systematic investigation of the floating-relief method process is performed by using finite element numerical simulation. The stress distributions on the workpieces were obtained. The closer the die teeth corner is, the higher stress value results can be acquired. And the effective stress is concentrated in spur gears forging die cavity corner. It was found that the floating-relief method forging process with upper and lower convex punches control the material flow effectively and the tooth cavity is filled successfully during the performing forging and final forging. The proposed method can serve as preconditions to analyze the abrasion and fatigue of spur gears forging die. The obtained results can offer valuable guidelines for gear precision forging experiments and practical process planning.

Study on the Large Module Spur Gear Cold Forming Process by Means of Numerical Simulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 189-193 ◽  
pp. 2642-2646 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Li ◽  
Yi Bian ◽  
Zhi Ping Zhong ◽  
Gui Hua Liu ◽  
Ying Chen
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Simulation Method ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Cold Forming ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Flow Method ◽  
Precision Forging ◽  
Cold Precision Forging

The cold forging process of large module spur gear with four modules and 59mm breadth is performed by means of numerical simulation method. Two processes to forming such spur gears were compared by the simulation method, one is with the closed-die performing and extrusion in the finish-forging, the other is with divided-flow method in the finish-forging. Especially, the divided-flow method is analyzed in detail. The necessary reference and basis to realize practical cold precision forging process of spur gear with large modulus is provided eventually.

Investigation of Precision Forging Process of Spur Gears: Numerical Analysis and Experiments

2011 ◽  
Vol 341-342 ◽  
pp. 265-270
Author(s):  
M. Zadshakoyan ◽  
E.Abdi Sobbouhi ◽  
H. Jafarzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Effective Strain ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Model Material ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Specific Pressure ◽  
Rigid Plastic ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Precision Forging

In this study, the precision forging process of spur gears has been investigated by means of numerical analysis. The effect of some parameters such as teeth number and module on the forming force and specific pressure were presented. The simulation works were performed rigid-plastic finite element method using DEFORM 3D software. In order to validate the estimated numerical results, they were compared with those obtained experimentally during precision forging of spur gear using lead as a model material. Results showed that the optimum number of gear teeth is between 10 to 20, that is because of being the specific pressure in its minimum value. Also the results obtained from analyzing the effective strain distribution showed that the maximum strain is located on the root area of the teeth. The work presented in this paper might be used for basic data in the design of the precision forging process.

Finite Element Analysis and Optimization of Deformation Behavior for Spur Gear Warm Forging Process

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 854-858
Author(s):  
Shu Bo Xu ◽  
Cai Nian Jing ◽  
Ke Ke Sun ◽  
Guo Cheng Ren ◽  
Gui Qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Helical Gears ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Precision Forging ◽  
Die Forging ◽  
Closed Die Forging ◽  
Warm Forging

Recent years have therefore seen growing interest in gear precision forging to net-shape form of forge bevel, spur and helical gears, as an alternative to conventional manufacturing. In this paper, gear precision forging processes are simulated by using metal forming finite element code DEFORM-3D. The investigations of gear precision forging processes are conducted with perform forging and final forging processes. The processes of completely closed-die forging, moving-die forging and central divided flow forging processes are investigated for spur gears. The effect of different processes on the distribution of effective stress in the workpieces and forging loads are given. The purpose of this study is to introduce a new method, a so-called floating-relief method which applied to the forging of spur gears. It indicated that the flowing properties of the gear billet have a higher improve than that of conventional forging process. And the forging load obtained by using this new precision forging technology is decline sharply. The floating-relief method for gear precision forging is a sound process in the practical application.

Simulation and Parametric Analysis on the Forging Process of Aluminum Alloy Piston in Automobile Engines

2014 ◽  
Vol 633-634 ◽  
pp. 865-869
Author(s):  
Ming Tao Cui ◽  
Ming Liu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Parametric Analysis ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Simulation Data ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Automobile Engines ◽  
Finite Element Numerical Simulation ◽  
The Given

Piston forging process is a vital step in the manufacturing of automobile engines. According to the practical piston product in automobile engines, the three-dimensional geometric model of the piston forging is established, and the forging scheme of the aluminum alloy billet and the mold is formulated. Based on the rigid-visco-plastic principle, the finite element numerical simulation for the scheme of piston forging is implemented. The required load of forging equipment and the wear of the mold are obtained by the given temperatures, friction coefficients and forging speeds in their respectively feasible ranges. To facilitate the parametric analysis, simulation data are fitted in curves, which can provide reference for the piston forging and the mold designing in practice.

Numerical Simulation on Precision Forging Process for Spur-Gear with Large Module

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 927-931
Author(s):  
Gui Hua Liu ◽  
Zhi Ping Zhong ◽  
Yi Bian ◽  
Qian Li
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Finite Element Method ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Material Flow ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Cold Extrusion ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Precision Forging ◽  
Warm Forging ◽  
Forging Force

The whole precision forging process of spur-gear with large module (module: 4) including warm forging, cold extrusion and cold sizing is analyzed. By using finite element method, cold sizing step of spur-gear basing on hollow-divided-flow method is simulated, the influenc of hollow diameter on the forging force and material flow is discussed in detail. Futher research shows that appropriate different tooth reduction is benefit to forming tooth profile without mechaning after forging. According to the research, to form such spur gear with module 4 and breadth 59mm studied in this paper, the hollow diameter should be 18mm and the tooth reduction should be 1.2mm. The necessary reference and basis to realize practical precision forging process of spur gear with large module is provided eventually.

scholarly journals Gear Teeth Deflection Model for Spur Gears: Proposal of a 3D Nonlinear and Non-Hertzian Approach

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Fabio Bruzzone ◽  
Tommaso Maggi ◽  
Claudio Marcellini ◽  
Carlo Rosso
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Mechanics Model ◽  
Pressure Distributions

In this paper, a three-dimensional model for the estimation of the deflections, load sharing attributes, and contact conditions will be presented for pairs of meshing teeth in a spur gear transmission. A nonlinear iterative approach based on a semi-analytical formulation for the deformation of the teeth under load will be employed to accurately determine the point of application of the load, its intensity, and the number of contacting pairs without a priori assumptions. At the end of this iterative cycle the obtained deflected shapes are then employed to compute the pressure distributions through a contact mechanics model with non-Hertzian features and a technique capable of obtaining correct results even at the free edges of the finite length contacting bodies. This approach is then applied to a test case with excellent agreement with its finite element counterpart. Finally, several results are shown to highlight the influence on the quasi-static behavior of spur gears of different kinds and amounts of flank and face-width profile modifications.

Simulation and Experiment of Cold Forging for Spur Gear Based on Local Loading

2011 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 241-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Xu ◽  
Ke Min Xue ◽  
Ping Li ◽  
Dong Mei Gong ◽  
Gang Chao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spur Gear ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Local Loading ◽  
Forming Technology ◽  
Die Forging ◽  
Closed Die Forging ◽  
Simulation And Experiment ◽  
Physics Experiment

The cold closed-die forging of spur gears brings the problems of great forming forces , low life of the dies and insufficent corner filling. The two-step forming technology is presented. First, the billet is pre-forged by closed-die forging for getting most of tooth profile. Second, the gear is finish-forging by local loading. The finite element method is used to simulate the cold forging process.The strain distributions, the stress distributions, velocity distributions and load-stroke curve are investigated.. The simulation results show that the technology can guarantee the full filling effect, and decrease the forming force remarkably. The results of simulation and analysis were verified by the physics experiment.

Numerical Simulation of Stress Corrosion Cracking in a Pipe Using S-Version FEM

2010 ◽  
Vol 452-453 ◽  
pp. 577-580
Author(s):  
Masanori Kikuchi ◽  
Yoshitaka Wada ◽  
Yuto Shimizu ◽  
Yu Long Li
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Fracture Behavior ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Stress Fields ◽  
Crack Growth Behavior ◽  
Stress Distributions ◽  
Residual Stress Field ◽  
Energy Agency

Fracture in heat affected zone (HAZ) in welding has been a serious problem for the integrity of machines. Prediction of fracture behavior due to the residual stress field in HAZ is important. In this paper, S-Version FEM(S-FEM) is applied to simulate the crack growth under thermal and residual stress fields. For evaluation of stress intensity factor, virtual crack closure integral method (VCCM) is employed. The residual stress data was provided by JAEA, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, based on their numerical simulation. SCC crack growth of a surface crack at inner suface of a pipe under thermal residual stress is simulated in three-dimensional filed. Distributions of residual stress is not axi-symmetric along pipe wall, and it affects the crack growth behavior. Ttwo cases, for axi-symmetric and non-symmetric thermal stress distributions, are assumed and crack growth behaviors are obtaiend and discussed.

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