The Study on Power Consumption Models for Low-Power Wireless Communications

2011 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 1691-1696
Author(s):  
Xiao Ling Mo ◽  
Mei Xiang Peng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Wireless Communications ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Energy Consumption Optimization ◽  
Channel Loss ◽  
Transmission Energy Consumption ◽  
Transmission Energy ◽  
Efficiency Consideration

Power consumption models for low-power wireless communications, where transmitter and receiver electronics power consumption is comparable to PA power consumption, are based on channel path loss, depending on distance between transmitter and receiver, making them suitable for energy-efficiency consideration of multi-hop vs. single-hop communication. We propose L – model, based on total channel-loss, that is more suitable for transmission energy consumption optimization in the sense of different modulation and coding techniques than d – models. Since total channel loss information is available at current transceivers in terms of RSSI and LQI, L – model is more suitable for TPC techniques optimization than d – models.

scholarly journals Massive MIMO: Achievable Energy Efficiency for 5G systems with Multi-user Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 6527-6534
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Path Loss ◽  
Antenna System ◽  
Base Station ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
User Terminal ◽  
Simulation Results

Massive Multi-Input and Multi-Output (MIMO) antenna system potentially provides a promising solution to improve energy efficiency (EE) for 5G wireless systems. The aim of this paper is to enhance EE and its limiting factors are explored. The maximum EE of 48 Mbit/Joule was achieved with 15 user terminal (UT)s. This problem is related to the uplink spectral efficiency with upper bound for future wireless networks. The maximal EE is obtained by optimizing a number of base station (BS) antennas, pilot reuse factor, and BSs density. We presented a power consumption model by deriving Shannon capacity calculations with closed-form expressions. The simulation result highlights the EE maximization with optimizing variables of circuit power consumption, hardware impairments, and path-loss exponent. Small cells achieve high EE and saturate to a constant value with BSs density. The MRC scheme achieves maximum EE of 36 Mbit/Joule with 12 UTs. The simulation results show that peak EE is obtained by deploying massive BS antennas, where the interference and pilot contamination are mitigated by coherent processing. The simulation results were implemented by using MATLAB 2018b.

scholarly journals An Energy-Efficient Strategy for Microcontrollers

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 2581
Author(s):  
Huanjie Wu ◽  
Chun Chen ◽  
Kai Weng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Power Saving ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Sleep Time ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
Clock Frequency ◽  
Improve Energy Efficiency ◽  
Time Required

Power saving has always been an important research direction in the field of microcontrollers. Dozens of low power technologies have been proposed to achieve the goal of reducing their power consumption. However, most of them focus mostly on lowering the consumption rate. It is well known that energy is the integral of power over time. Thus, our view is that both power and time should be carefully considered to achieve better energy efficiency. We reviewed some commonly used low power technologies and proposed our assumptions and strategy for improving energy efficiency. A series of test sets are designed to validate our hypotheses for improving energy efficiency. The experimental results suggest that time has no less impact on energy consumption than power. To support the operation of the processor, some peripheral components consume a constant amount of power regardless of the clock frequency, but the power consumption will be reduced when the processor enters low-power modes. This results in some interesting phenomena that are different from the usual thinking that energy can be saved by increasing processor clock frequency. For STM32F407 and Xtensa LX6 processors, this article also analyzes and calculates the minimum sleep time required for achieving energy saving based on our analytical models. Our energy efficiency strategy has been verified, and in some cases, it can indeed improve energy efficiency. We also proposed some suggestions on hardware design and software development for better energy efficiency.

Design and Kinematics Analysis of Planetary Sampling Manipulator with Lightweight

2014 ◽  
Vol 681 ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
Xiao Xiao Sun ◽  
Bing Wei Zhang ◽  
Jia Ju Liu ◽  
Qiao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Robotic Arm ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Kinematics Analysis ◽  
Kinematics Simulation ◽  
Stability Principle ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
And Robotics

To reduce launching load of rocket and power consumption of rover, design of sampling manipulator was proposed which was lightweight, low-power consumption and multifunctional. Stability principle of triangle was used to comprise stable structure between robotic arm and locking device. And the weight of planetary rover was effectively reduced and its energy efficiency was greatly improved by combining manipulator and mast lifting stereo camera into one. Forward and inverse formulas were built by using D-H method and Robotics Toolbox was used for kinematics simulation. The simulation results indicate that the design of samping manipulator is reasonal which meets the purposes of lightweight and low power consumption.

scholarly journals Energy Efficiency Analysis of MIMO Wideband RF Front-End Receivers

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (24) ◽  
pp. 7070
Author(s):  
Eduil Nascimento Junior ◽  
Guilherme Theis ◽  
Edson Leonardo dos Santos ◽  
André Augusto Mariano ◽  
Glauber Brante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Noise Figure ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Low Power Consumption ◽  
Communication Link ◽  
Active Antennas ◽  
Front End ◽  
Rf Front End

Energy-efficiency is crucial for modern radio-frequency (RF) receivers dedicated to Internet of Things applications. Energy-efficiency enhancements could be achieved by lowering the power consumption of integrated circuits, using antenna diversity or even with an association of both strategies. This paper compares two wideband RF front-end architectures, based on conventional low-noise amplifiers (LNA) and low-noise transconductance amplifiers (LNTA) with N-path filters, operating with three transmission schemes: single antenna, antenna selection and singular value decomposition beamforming. Our results show that the energy-efficiency behavior varies depending on the required communication link conditions, distance between nodes and metrics from the front-end receivers. For short-range scenarios, LNA presents the best performance in terms of energy-efficiency mainly due to its very low power consumption. With the increasing of the communication distance, the very low noise figure provided by N-path LNTA-based architectures outperforms the power consumption issue, yielding higher energy-efficiency for all transmission schemes. In addition, the selected front-end architecture depends on the number of active antennas at the receiver. Hence, we can observe that low noise figure is more important with a few active antennas at the receiver, while low power consumption becomes more important when the number of active RF chains at the receiver increases.

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