Studies of Half-Cell for Anode Supported SOFC after Reduction

The performance of half-cell for anode supported Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) is necessary to wide use of SOFCs. This work is to study the reduction degree of anode and the residual stress changes that occur during hydrogen reduction on the different temperatures and in different times. The porosity of the specimens with oxidation is less than that of the reduction one. There is no Ni phase in the sample before hydrogen reduction. After hydrogen reduction on 1000°C for 6 hours, there is no NiO phase in the sample. It reveals the NiO has been reduced into Ni completely. We also investigate residual stresses in the electrolyte layer using X-ray diffraction. The residual stress value of electrolyte is about -844.1MPa before reduction. After hydrogen reduction on 800°C for 9 hours, the residual stress is decreased to -474.8MPa. So the reduction temperature can choose as 600°C and the reduction time can choose as 9 hours.

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Yb2O3 Doped Zr0.92Y0.08O2-α(8YSZ) and Its Composite Electrolyte for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma11101824 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 1824 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yumin Cui ◽

Ruijuan Shi ◽

Junlong Liu ◽

Hongtao Wang ◽

Huiquan Li

Keyword(s):

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽

Solid State Reaction Method ◽

Solid Oxide ◽

Oxide Fuel ◽

Maximum Power Density ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Excellent Performance ◽

Composite Electrolyte ◽

X Ray ◽

Different Temperatures

Yb3+ and Y3+ double doped ZrO2 (8YSZ+4Yb2O3) samples were synthesized by a solid state reaction method. Moreover, 8YSZ+4Yb2O3-NaCl/KCl composites were also successfully produced at different temperatures. The 8YSZ+4Yb2O3, 8YSZ+4Yb2O3-NaCl/KCl (800 °C), and 8YSZ+4Yb2O3-NaCl/KCl (1000 °C) samples were characterized by x–ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that a dense composite electrolyte was formed at a low temperature of 800 °C. The maximum conductivities of 4.7 × 10−2 S·cm−1, 6.1 × 10−1 S·cm−1, and 3.8 × 10−1 S·cm−1 were achieved for the 8YSZ+4Yb2O3, 8YSZ+4Yb2O3-NaCl/KCl (800 °C), and 8YSZ+4Yb2O3-NaCl/KCl (1000 °C) samples at 700 °C, respectively. The logσ~log (pO2) plot result showed that the 8YSZ+4Yb2O3-NaCl/KCl (800 °C) composite electrolyte is a virtually pure ionic conductor. An excellent performance of the 8YSZ+4Yb2O3-NaCl/KCl (800 °C) composite was obtained with a maximum power density of 364 mW·cm−2 at 700 °C.

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Fe–Cr/Al2O3 metal-ceramic composites: Nature and size of the metal particles formed during hydrogen reduction

Journal of Materials Research ◽

10.1557/jmr.1994.0229 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 229-235 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Ch. Laurent ◽

J.J. Demai ◽

A. Rousset ◽

K.R. Kannan ◽

C.N.R. Rao

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Reduction ◽

Ceramic Composites ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Total Reduction ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Combined Use ◽

Metal Ceramic ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Metallic Species

Fe-Cr/Al2O3 metal-ceramic composites prepared by hydrogen reduction at different temperatures and for different periods have been investigated by a combined use of Mössbauer spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy in order to obtain information on the nature of the metallic species formed. Total reduction of Fe3+ does not occur by increasing the reduction time at 1320 K from 1 to 30 h, and the amount of superparamagnetic metallic species is essentially constant (about 10%). Temperatures higher than 1470 K are needed to achieve nearly total reduction of substitutional Fe3+. Interestingly, iron favors the reduction of chromium. The composition of the Fe-Cr particles is strongly dependent on their size, the Cr content being higher in particles smaller than 10 nm.

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Synthesis of La2NiO4+δ Nanofibers by Electrospinning Method and their Application

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.281.859 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 281 ◽

pp. 859-864

Author(s):

Yan Xing ◽

Meng Fei Zhang ◽

Tian Jun Li ◽

Wei Pan

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽

Solid Oxide ◽

Thermal Treatments ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Mixed Conductivity ◽

X Ray ◽

Transmission Electron ◽

Structure Morphology ◽

Electrospinning Method

La2NiO4+σ nanofibers exhibiting typical Ruddlesden–Popper structure (K2NiO4) were fabricated by a facile electrospinning method. X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze the structure, morphology and crystal process of the La2NiO4+σ nanofibers. For electrical properties measurement, uniaxially aligned nanofibers were directly collected and assembled into electrode. In our research, La2NiO4+σ phase forms above 873K with no impurity phase emerges during the thermal treatments. The nanofibers are smooth and uniform throughout the entire length and the grain is growing as calcination temperature increases. Furthmore, the La2NiO4+σ nanofibers own high mixed conductivity at 773K, laying good foundation for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells application.

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Characterization of LSCF-Based Composite and LSCF as Cathodes for Intermediate Temperature SOFCs

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.727-728.657 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 727-728 ◽

pp. 657-662

Author(s):

Reinaldo Azevedo Vargas ◽

Everton Bonturim ◽

Marco Andreoli ◽

Rubens Chiba ◽

Emília Satoshi Miyamaru Seo

Keyword(s):

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽

Solid Oxide ◽

Intermediate Temperature ◽

Oxide Fuel ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Powder Spraying ◽

Potential Use ◽

Scanning Electron

The (La0.60Sr0.40)(Co0.20Fe0.80)O3-δ - LSCF, (Ce0.90Gd0.10)O1.95 - CGO composites and LSCF were deposited by wet powder spraying deposition method for the purpose of investigating their potential use in Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. The interlayers are necessary between CGO electrolytes and LSCF cathodes in order to improve the performance of these materials. LSCF particles synthesized by citrate technique were calcined at 900 °C for 4 h and, their LSCF-CGO composites and LSCF suspensions deposited on CGO substrate and, sintered in 1100 °C for 1 h, were formed pseudo-perovskite. The ceramics materials were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and chemical composition of different half-cells layers by scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive (SEM-EDS). The results are in agreement with the literature and indicate that route studied is adequate for crystal structures formation compatible with films the 35 µm thick total for study of conductivity between the cathode and the electrolyte.

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Characterization of Oxygen-Electrode/Electrolyte Interface Reactions in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells by X-Ray Diffraction Measurements

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.79-82.875 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 79-82 ◽

pp. 875-882 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. Ivers-Tiffée ◽

B. Jobst ◽

Ivo Kraus ◽

R. Schachtner ◽

M. Schiessl

Keyword(s):

Fuel Cells ◽

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽

Oxygen Electrode ◽

Solid Oxide ◽

Oxide Fuel ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Interface Reactions ◽

Electrolyte Interface

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Electrical Property of Mn and Co Dopants on La3Ni2O7±δ and La2.9Sr0.1Ni2O7±δ

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.93-94.566 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 93-94 ◽

pp. 566-569

Author(s):

Wassayamon Singkha ◽

Sutin Kuharuangrong

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Electrical Property ◽

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽

Sintered Sample ◽

Solid Oxide ◽

Oxide Fuel ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Mn Content ◽

Mn Dopant

La3Ni2O7±δ and La2.9Sr0.1Ni2O7±δ Ruddlesden-Popper nickelate were synthesized via citrate gel method. The electrical property of Mn and Co dopants on Ni site in these systems was investigated as possible cathode for solid oxide fuel cells. The result of X-ray diffraction shows the presence of La2NiO4 in La3Ni2-xMxO7±δ and La2.9Sr0.1Ni2-xMxO7±δ (M = Mn or Co) as M content increases from x = 0.1 for Mn and x = 0.2 for Co. With further increase of Mn dopant (x ≥ 0.4), LaMnO3 and La2O3 appear with La2NiO4. The grain size of sintered sample decreases as Mn content increases. However, it slightly decreases with increasing Co content. The TEC value increases with Co content. The DC four-point measurement shows a decrease in the conductivity as Co content increases for both La3Ni2-xCoxO7±δ and La2.9Sr0.1Ni2-xCoxO7±δ systems.

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Preparation and properties of solid electrolyte CaxBi1.7−xW0.3O3.45−0.5x electrolyte material by sol–gel combution method

Functional Materials Letters ◽

10.1142/s1793604719510019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (05) ◽

pp. 1951001

Author(s):

Jie Yang ◽

Changan Tian ◽

Yu Wang ◽

Junjie Meng ◽

Dongdong Ji ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽

Electrochemical Impedance ◽

Sol Gel ◽

Combustion Method ◽

Solid Oxide ◽

Electrochemical Studies ◽

Oxide Fuel ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Differential Thermogravimetric Analysis

CaxBi[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] (CBW) ([Formula: see text], 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.30) electrolyte material were synthesized by sol–gel self-combustion method. The samples were characterized by thermogravimetric-differential thermogravimetric analysis(TG-DSC), X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), porosity and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results show the powders CaxBi[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] (CBW) with fluorite crystal structure can be obtained after the precursor was calcined at 760∘C. When sintered at 780∘C for 2[Formula: see text]h, the compact ceramic sintered with relative density higher than 97% can be obtained. The electrochemical studies showed that CaxBi[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] (CBW) have high ionic conductivity after 780∘C sintering. The sample Ca[Formula: see text]Bi[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text]O[Formula: see text] exhibits a conductivity of 0.07978 S[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] at 750∘C, and the activation energy is 0.845[Formula: see text]eV, which is expected to be applied to the electrolyte materials for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC).

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Physical and Microstructural Characterization of Cathode, Composite Cathode and Electrolyte Ceramics to ITSOFC

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.775-776.52 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 775-776 ◽

pp. 52-56

Author(s):

Reinaldo Azevedo Vargas ◽

Everton Bonturim ◽

Marco Andreoli ◽

Rubens Chiba ◽

Emília Satoshi Miyamaru Seo

Keyword(s):

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells ◽

Microstructural Characterization ◽

Composite Cathode ◽

Solid Oxide ◽

Oxide Fuel ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Powder Spraying ◽

Potential Use

The (La0.60Sr0.40)(Co0.20Fe0.80)O3-δ - LSCF, (Ce0.90Gd0.10)O1.95 - CGO composites and LSCF were deposited by wet powder spraying deposition method for the purpose of investigating their potential use in Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells. The interlayers are necessary between CGO electrolytes and LSCF cathodes in order to improve the performance of these materials. LSCF powders synthesized by citrate technique were calcined at 900 °C for 4 h and, their LSCFCGO composites and LSCF suspensions deposited on CGO substrate and, sintered in 1100 °C for 1 h, were formed pseudo-perovskite. The ceramics materials were analyzed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and chemical composition of different half-cells layers by scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive (SEM-EDS). The results are in agreement with the literature and indicate that route studied is adequate for crystal structures formation compatible with films the 35 μm thick total for study of conductivity between the cathode and the electrolyte.

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