The Variation of Bioactive Components in Rosemary Extracts by Adding Organic Acid Synergists

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 1475-1479
Author(s):  
Da Wei Li ◽  
Liang Wu Bi ◽  
Zhen Dong Zhao ◽  
Dong Mei Li ◽  
Yan Gu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Carnosic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Bioactive Component ◽  
Efficiency Improve

A study to track and detect the variation of bioactive components in rosemary extraction solution and extracts, by adding organic acid synergists, such as citric acid, oxalic acid and tartaric acid, was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Ultrasound was also used to increase the extraction efficiency, improve the yields of rosemary extracts and shorten the extraction time. The experimental results showed that the content of the key bioactive component carnosic acid was easier to reduce during the storage of extraction solution and extracts, meanwhile, adding citric acid, oxalic acid and tartaric acid during the extraction could actually slow down the trend of the reduction of the bioactive components, especially for carnosic acid.

scholarly journals BX795-Organic Acid Coevaporates: Evaluation of Solid-State Characteristics, In Vitro Cytocompatibility and In Vitro Activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 1920
Author(s):  
Yogesh Sutar ◽  
Tejabhiram Yadavalli ◽  
Sagar Kumar Paul ◽  
Sudipta Mallick ◽  
Raghuram Koganti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Antiviral Activity ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Fumaric Acid ◽  
Amorphous Systems ◽  
Amorphous System ◽  
Hsv 1

BX795 is a TANK binding kinase-1 inhibitor that has shown excellent therapeutic activity in murine models of genital and ocular herpes infections on topical delivery. Currently, only the BX795 free base and its hydrochloride salt are available commercially. Here, we evaluate the ability of various organic acids suitable for vaginal and/or ocular delivery to form BX795 salts/cocrystals/co-amorphous systems with the aim of facilitating pharmaceutical development of BX795. We characterized BX795-organic acid coevaporates using powder X-ray diffractometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to elucidate the interaction between BX795 and various organic acids such as taurine, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid. Furthermore, using human corneal epithelial cells and HeLa cells, we evaluated BX795-organic acid coevaporates for in vitro cytocompatibility and in vitro antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-type 1 (HSV-1) and type-2 (HSV-2). Our studies indicate that BX795 forms co-amorphous systems with tartaric acid and citric acid. Interestingly, the association of organic acids with BX795 improved its thermal stability. Our in vitro cytocompatibility and in vitro antiviral studies to screen suitable BX795-organic acid coevaporates for further development show that all BX795-organic acid systems, at a concentration equivalent to 10 µM BX795, retained antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 but showed differential cytocompatibility. Further, dose-dependent in vitro cytocompatibility and antiviral activity studies on the BX795-fumaric acid system, BX795-tartaric acid co-amorphous system, and BX795-citric acid co-amorphous system show similar antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 compared to BX795, whereas only the BX795-citric acid co-amorphous system showed higher in vitro cytocompatibility compared to BX795.

scholarly journals EKSTRAKSI ASAM SITRAT DAN ASAM OKSALAT : PENGARUH TRIOCTYLAMINE SEBAGAI EXTRACTING POWER DALAM BERBAGAI SOLVEN CAMPURAN TERHADAP KOEFISIEN DISTRIBUSI

REAKTOR ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Mega Kasmiyatun ◽  
Bakti Jos
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Distribution Coefficient ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Product Separation ◽  
Acid Produce ◽  
Research Show

Generally, liquid waste of citric acid industry containing a highly citric acid, oxalic acid, due to precipitation process of calcium citrate less completely. Liquid-liquid extraction process is this one alternative that used to recover citric acid and oxalic acid, either in the product separation process from the fermentor or the treatment of its liquid waste. In order to understand, that the extraction process can be applied both technically and economically, it needs a more study the extraction parameters. The investigation has carried out about study of the extraction of citric acid and oxalic acid used trioctyl-amine as extracting power on various mix solvent and its ratio, related to the distribution coefficient. Extraction used a separating funnel that it was shaked with using an automatic shaker, which adjusted on specific velocity during 2.5 hours. The rafinate and extract were separated by separating funnel, then they were analyzed both concentration of citric acid and oxalic acid using a high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results of the research show that the mixed solvent (consist of 15% trioctyl amine, 70% dodecane, and 15% hexanol), for the extraction of citric acid  produce both the highest distribution coefficient and percentage of separation were 1.15 and 74.22%, respectively; and this were achieved for the ratio between the solvent and diluent of 2.5:1. For the extraction of oxalic acid similar result were obtained, and the value were 3.78 and 88.31%, respectively, for the ratio between solvent and diluent of 2:1.Limbah cair pabrik asam sitrat pada umumnya mengandung asam sitrat, asam oksalat, cukup tinggi akibat proses pengendapan calsium sitrat yang kurang sempurna. Proses ekstraksi cair-cair adalah salah satu alternatif yang dapat digunakan untuk pengambilan kembali asam sitrat dan asam oksalat, baik pada proses pemisahan produk yang keluar dari fermentor maupun pada proses pengolahan limbah cairnya. Untuk mengetahui apakah proses ekstraksi dapat diterapkan secara teknis, maka perlu dilakukan pengkajian lebih mendalam parameter-parameter ekstraksi. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan pengkajian tentang ekstraksi asam sitrat dan asam oksalat dengan menggunakan trioctylamine sebagai extracting power pada bermacam solven campuran dan pada berbagai perbandingan, hubungannya dengan koefisien distribusinya. Ekstraksi pada berbagai kondisi rancangan percobaan dilakukan pada corong pemisah, yang penggojokannya dilakukan dengan bantuan automatic shaker yang di set pada kecepatan tertentu selama 2,5 jam. Rafinat dan ekstrak dipisahkan selanjutnya dianalisis kadar asam sitrat maupun asam oksalat dengan menggunakan HPLC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa solven campuran (yang terdiri dari 15% trioctylamine, 70% dodecane dan 15% hexanol) menghasilkan koefisien distribusi dan persentase pemisahan solute berturut-turut untuk asam sitrat 1,15 dan 74,22% pada perbandingan solven dan diluen 2,5:1; sedang untuk ekstraksi asam oksalat sebesar 3,78 dan 88,31% pada perbandingan solven dan diluen 2:1. 

Effects and Mechanism of Organic Acids on Aluminum Availability of Dark Brown Forest Soil

2011 ◽  
Vol 393-395 ◽  
pp. 709-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Xing Cui ◽  
Jin Feng Song ◽  
Ya Fen Guo ◽  
Jin Zhong Xu
Keyword(s):  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Forest Soil ◽  
Dissociation Constants ◽  
Organic Salt ◽  
Brown Forest Soil ◽  
Organic Salts ◽  
Complexation Reactions

The effects and mechanism of different concentration organic acids and organic salts solution on Al availability of dark brown forest soil were studied. It was resulted that, oxalic acid/oxalate and citric acid/citrate substantially stimulated soil Al release of dark brown forest soil. The effect of organic acids/salts on Al release would be strengthen with increasing of their concentrations.The contents of Al released from A1 horizon was higher than that from B horizon. Organic salt solutions had much higher effects than organic acid the same in concentration, i.e. citrate>citric acid, oxalate>oxalic acid. Therefore, the mechanism of organic acid/salts triggering release of soil Al was assumed to be dominated by complexation reactions of organic anions. Citric acid/ citrate had much higher effect than oxalic acid/ oxalate at same concentration to A1 and B horizons, i.e. citrate> oxalate, citric acid>oxalic acid, which was primarily related with the greater complexing capacities and dissociation constants of citric acid.

scholarly journals Organic Acid Profile of “Batuan” (Garcinia binucao [Blco] Choisy) Fruit

2017 ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Quevedo ◽  
Erlinda Dizon ◽  
Florinia Merca
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Fumaric Acid ◽  
Mobile Phase ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Organic Acid Profile

“Batuan” fruit (Garcinia binucao [Blco.] Choisy), an indigenous acidulant grown in the Visayas State University, Baybay City, Leyte was analyzed for its organic acid profile at different stages of maturity for the development of potential food and non-food products. The analysis of organic acid content was done using Reverse Phase-High Performance Liquid Chromatography. Organic acids in the dried, powdered “batuan” fruit samples were extracted with the mobile phase (50mM KH2PO4/ H3PO4, pH2.8). The sample extracts and organic acid standards (oxalic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid, and succinic acid) were injected to RP-HPLC under isocratic elution with the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0mL min-1 and using UV-vis detection at 210nm. “Batuan” fruit samples contain oxalic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, and a few unidentified organic acids. Among the organic acids present, citric acid accumulated the highest in the ripe “batuan” fruit; fumaric acid, the least. Results of this study show that “batuan” fruit could be a good natural source of acidulant for food and non-food applications.

scholarly journals Responses of Swamp Cypress (Taxodium distichum) and Chinese Willow (Salix matsudana) Roots to Periodic Submergence in Mega-Reservoir: Changes in Organic Acid Concentration

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Xinrui He ◽  
Ting Wang ◽  
Kejun Wu ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Yuancai Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Base Diameter ◽  
Salix Matsudana ◽  
Winter Flooding

Organic acids are critical as secondary metabolites for plant adaption in a stressful situation. Oxalic acid, tartaric acid, and malic acid can improve plant tolerance under waterlogged conditions. Two prominent woody species (Taxodium distichum-Swamp cypress and Salix matsudana-Chinese willow) have been experiencing long-term winter submergence and summer drought in the Three Gorges Reservoir. The objectives of the present study were to explore the responses of the roots of two woody species during flooding as reflected by root tissue concentrations of organic acids. Potted sample plants were randomly divided into three treatment groups: control, moderate submergence, and deep submergence. The concentrations of oxalic acid, tartaric acid, and malic acid in the main root and lateral roots of the two species were determined at four stages. The results showed that T. distichum and S. matsudana adapted well to the water regimes of the reservoir, with a survival rate of 100% during the experiment period. After experiencing a cycle of submergence and emergence, the height and base diameter of the two species showed increasing trends. Changes in base diameter showed insignificant differences between submergence treatments, and only height was significant under deep submergence. The concentrations of three organic acids in the roots of two species were influenced by winter submergence. After emergence in spring, two species could adjust their organic acid metabolisms to the normal level. Among three organic acids, tartaric acid showed the most sensitive response to water submergence, which deserved more studies in the future. The exotic species, T. distichum, had a more stable metabolism of organic acids to winter flooding. However, the native species, S. matsudana, responded more actively to long-term winter flooding. Both species can be considered in vegetation restoration, but it needs more observations for planting around 165 m above sea level, where winter submergence is more than 200 days.

scholarly journals Separation and Determination of Some Organic Acids in Dry Calyces of Iraqi Hibiscus Sabdariffa Linn

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 340-349
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Tartaric Acid ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Limit Of Detection

A new reversed phase- high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method with Ultraviolet-Visible spectrophotometry has been optimized and validated for the simultaneous extraction and determination of organic acids present in Iraqi calyces of Hibiscus Sabdraffia Linn. The method is based on using ultrasonic bath for extracting organic acids. Limit of detection in µg/ml of Formic acid, Acetic acid, Oxalic acid, Citric acid, Succinic acid, Tartaric acid, and Malic acid 126.8498×10-6, 113.6005×10-6, 97.0513×10-6, 49.7925×10-6, 84.0753×10-6, 92.6551×10-6, and 106.1633×10-6 ,respectively. The concentration of organic acids found in dry spacemen of calyces of Iraqi Hibiscus Sabdraffia Linn. under study: Formic acid, Acetic acid, Oxalic acid, Citric acid, Succinic acid, Tartaric acid, and Malic acid are 114.896 µg/g, 64.722 µg/g, 342.508 µg/g, 126.902 µg/g, 449.91 µg/g, 268.52 µg/g, and 254.07 µg/g respectively.

scholarly journals Sugars, organic acids, minerals and lipids in jabuticaba

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 540-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annete de Jesus Boari Lima ◽  
Angelita Duarte Corrêa ◽  
Ana Maria Dantas-Barros ◽  
David Lee Nelson ◽  
Ana Carolina Lourenço Amorim
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Organic Acids ◽  
Organic Acid ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Malic Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Reducing Sugars ◽  
Mineral Compositions

The aim of this work was to determine the sugar, organic acid and mineral compositions of the whole fruit and fractions (skin, pulp and seed) of the Paulista (Plinia cauliflora) and Sabará (Plinia jaboticaba) jabuticaba tree genotypes, as well as the oil compositions of their skin and seeds. High levels of sugar, especially fructose, followed by glucose and sucrose, were encountered in the fruit. In the Paulista genotype, higher levels of total and reducing sugars were found in the pulp and skin, which was not observed when comparing the whole fruit of both genotypes. Five organic acids were found in the whole fruit and in the fractions of the two jabuticaba genotypes in quantitative order: citric acid > succinic acid > malic acid > oxalic acid > acetic acid. Potassium was the most abundant mineral found. This fruit was also shown to be rich in magnesium, phosphorus, calcium and copper. The seed oil had nearly the same constitution as the oil extracted from the skin in both genotypes and the major compounds were an unidentified phytosterol, palmitic, linoleic and oleic acids, and squalene.

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