The effect of composite organic acid (citric acid & tartaric acid) on microstructure and electrochemical properties of Li 1.2 Mn 0.54 Ni 0.13 Co 0.13 O 2 Li-rich layered oxides

BX795 is a TANK binding kinase-1 inhibitor that has shown excellent therapeutic activity in murine models of genital and ocular herpes infections on topical delivery. Currently, only the BX795 free base and its hydrochloride salt are available commercially. Here, we evaluate the ability of various organic acids suitable for vaginal and/or ocular delivery to form BX795 salts/cocrystals/co-amorphous systems with the aim of facilitating pharmaceutical development of BX795. We characterized BX795-organic acid coevaporates using powder X-ray diffractometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, 1H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to elucidate the interaction between BX795 and various organic acids such as taurine, maleic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid. Furthermore, using human corneal epithelial cells and HeLa cells, we evaluated BX795-organic acid coevaporates for in vitro cytocompatibility and in vitro antiviral activity against herpes simplex virus-type 1 (HSV-1) and type-2 (HSV-2). Our studies indicate that BX795 forms co-amorphous systems with tartaric acid and citric acid. Interestingly, the association of organic acids with BX795 improved its thermal stability. Our in vitro cytocompatibility and in vitro antiviral studies to screen suitable BX795-organic acid coevaporates for further development show that all BX795-organic acid systems, at a concentration equivalent to 10 µM BX795, retained antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 but showed differential cytocompatibility. Further, dose-dependent in vitro cytocompatibility and antiviral activity studies on the BX795-fumaric acid system, BX795-tartaric acid co-amorphous system, and BX795-citric acid co-amorphous system show similar antiviral activity against HSV-1 and HSV-2 compared to BX795, whereas only the BX795-citric acid co-amorphous system showed higher in vitro cytocompatibility compared to BX795.

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Electrochemical Properties of Carbon Doped LiFePO4 Cathode Materials Prepared by Spray Pyrolysis

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.388.81 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 388 ◽

pp. 81-84 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Koji Egawa ◽

Izumi Mukoyama ◽

Takayuki Kodera ◽

Kenichi Myoujin ◽

Takashi Ogihara

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Carbon Source ◽

Organic Acid ◽

Electrochemical Properties ◽

Spray Pyrolysis ◽

Cathode Materials ◽

Electrochemical Measurement ◽

Xrd Analysis ◽

Narrow Size Distribution ◽

Carbon Doped

Carbon doped LiFePO4 precursor particles were successfully prepared by spray pyrolysis. The saccharides such as monosaccharide and disaccharide or organic acid were used as carbon source. SEM observation showed that as-prepared particles had spherical morphology with narrow size distribution. XRD analysis revealed that olivine phase was obtained by heating at 700°C under the atmosphere of argon/hydrogen (5%). Electrochemical measurement revealed that the discharge capacity of LiFePO4 was improved by the addition of carbon. The addition of citric acid was most effective for the stabilization of cycle life.

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The Variation of Bioactive Components in Rosemary Extracts by Adding Organic Acid Synergists

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.1475 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 396-398 ◽

pp. 1475-1479

Author(s):

Da Wei Li ◽

Liang Wu Bi ◽

Zhen Dong Zhao ◽

Dong Mei Li ◽

Yan Gu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Oxalic Acid ◽

Organic Acid ◽

Tartaric Acid ◽

High Performance ◽

Extraction Efficiency ◽

Carnosic Acid ◽

Bioactive Components ◽

Bioactive Component ◽

Efficiency Improve

A study to track and detect the variation of bioactive components in rosemary extraction solution and extracts, by adding organic acid synergists, such as citric acid, oxalic acid and tartaric acid, was performed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Ultrasound was also used to increase the extraction efficiency, improve the yields of rosemary extracts and shorten the extraction time. The experimental results showed that the content of the key bioactive component carnosic acid was easier to reduce during the storage of extraction solution and extracts, meanwhile, adding citric acid, oxalic acid and tartaric acid during the extraction could actually slow down the trend of the reduction of the bioactive components, especially for carnosic acid.

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Organic Acids Enhance the Antilisterial Activity of Potassium Sorbate

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-54.8.593 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 54 (8) ◽

pp. 593-597 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

MOUSTAFA A. EL-SHENAWY ◽

ELMER H. MARTH

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Listeria Monocytogenes ◽

Citric Acid ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Organic Acid ◽

Tartaric Acid ◽

Incubation Temperature ◽

Potassium Sorbate ◽

Acid Growth ◽

Time Required

Tryptose broth containing 0.0, 0.05, 0.15, or 0.3% potassium sorbate was acidified to pH 5.0 or 5.6 with acetic, tartaric, lactic or citric acid; inoculated to contain ca. 103 CFU Listeria monocytogenes/ml; and incubated at 13 or 35°C. The pathogen was inactivated in tryptose broth containing (a) 0.3% sorbate and acidified to pH 5.0 with acetic, tartaric, lactic, or citric acid although the time required for inactivation varied from ca. 30 h to > 10 d and (b) 0.15% sorbate and acidified to pH 5.0 with tartaric acid. Growth of the pathogen was inhibited to various degrees by other combinations of sorbate and organic acids. L. monocytogenes grew at pH 5.6 regardless of organic acid or incubation temperature used and at pH 5.0 in all instances except when acetic acid and incubation at 13°C were used.

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Crude Citric Acid of Trichoderma asperellum: Tomato Growth Promotor and Suppressor of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10020222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 222

Author(s):

Abdulaziz A. Al-Askar ◽

WesamEldin I. A. Saber ◽

Khalid M. Ghoneem ◽

Elsayed E. Hafez ◽

Amira A. Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Organic Acid ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Growth Promoters ◽

Chlorophyll Pigments

Presently, the bioprocessing of agricultural residues to various bioactive compounds is of great concern, with the potential to be used as plant growth promoters and as a reductive of various diseases. Lycopersiconesculentum, one of the most consumed crops in the human diet, is attacked by Fusarium wilt disease, so the main aim is to biocontrol the pathogen. Several fungal species were isolated from decayed maize stover (MS). Trichodermaasperellum was chosen based on its organic acid productivity and was molecularly identified (GenBank accession number is MW195019). Citric acid (CA) was the major detected organic acid by HPLC. In vitro, CA of T.asperellum at 75% completely repressed the growth of Fusariumoxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL). In vivo, soaking tomato seeds in CA enhanced the seed germination and vigor index. T. asperellum and/or its CA suppressed the wilt disease caused by FOL compared to control. There was a proportional increment of plant growth and yield, as well as improvements in the biochemical parameters (chlorophyll pigments, total phenolic contents and peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activities), suggesting targeting both the bioconversion of MS into CA and biological control of FOL.

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CHANGES IN THE THERMAL STABILITY AND ACIDIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HYDROXY-Al-MONTMORILLONITE COMPLEXES FORMED IN THE PRESENCE OF CITRIC ACID

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss85-055 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

pp. 519-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

TEE BOON GOH ◽

P. M. HUANG

Keyword(s):

Thermal Stability ◽

Citric Acid ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Organic Acid ◽

Key Words ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Structural Water ◽

Molar Ratios ◽

Gradual Loss

The thermal stability and acidic characteristics of Al interlayered montmorillonite were affected by citric acid which was present during its formation. Perturbation to the formation of Al interlayers by citric acid resulted in more gradual loss of their structural water in the 430 °C to 520 °C region at initial citric acid/Al molar ratios of 0.1 and 0.5. The data clearly reveal that, besides hydroxy-Al polymers, hydroxy-Al-citrate complexes adsorbed on the surfaces of montmorillonite very substantially contribute to the total and third buffer range titratable acidity of the clay. Key words: Hydroxy-Al-citrate interlayers, smectite, organic acid, DTA, third buffer range, organic carbon

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Taste Interactions between Sweetness of Sucrose and Sourness of Citric and Tartaric Acid among Chinese and Danish Consumers

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9101425 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (10) ◽

pp. 1425

Author(s):

Jonas Yde Junge ◽

Anne Sjoerup Bertelsen ◽

Line Ahm Mielby ◽

Yan Zeng ◽

Yuan-Xia Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Citric Acid ◽

Tartaric Acid ◽

Hierarchical Cluster ◽

Taste Perception ◽

Aqueous Samples ◽

Chinese Consumers ◽

Consumer Study ◽

Agglomerative Hierarchical Cluster Analysis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Sweetness Intensity

Tastes interact in almost every consumed food or beverage, yet many aspects of interactions, such as sweet-sour interactions, are not well understood. This study investigated the interaction between sweetness from sucrose and sourness from citric and tartaric acid, respectively. A cross-cultural consumer study was conducted in China (n = 120) and Denmark (n = 139), respectively. Participants evaluated six aqueous samples with no addition (control), sucrose, citric acid, tartaric acid, or a mixture of sucrose and citric acid or sucrose and tartaric acid. No significant difference was found between citric acid and tartaric acid in the suppression of sweetness intensity ratings of sucrose. Further, sucrose suppressed sourness intensity ratings of citric acid and tartaric acid similarly. Culture did not impact the suppression of sweetness intensity ratings of citric or tartaric acid, whereas it did influence sourness intensity ratings. While the Danish consumers showed similar suppression of sourness by both acids, the Chinese consumers were more susceptible towards the sourness suppression caused by sucrose in the tartaric acid-sucrose mixture compared to the citric acid-sucrose mixture. Agglomerative hierarchical cluster analysis revealed clusters of consumers with significant differences in sweetness intensity ratings and sourness intensity ratings. These results indicate that individual differences in taste perception might affect perception of sweet-sour taste interactions, at least in aqueous solutions.

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The Effect of Organic Matter and Organic Acid on the Chromium Release in Sediment

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1081.88 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1081 ◽

pp. 88-92

Author(s):

Hui Liu ◽

Jiu Lan Dai

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Citric Acid ◽

Organic Acid ◽

Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid ◽

Soluble Starch ◽

Optimal Dosage ◽

Tetraacetic Acid ◽

Adsorption Time ◽

Chromium Release

Effect of organic matter and organic acid on the heavy metals, especially, chromium (Cr) release in the sediment was researched. Glucose and soluble organic starch was used as organic matter, as well, citric acid and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) were simulated as organic acid. The results showed that best adsorption time of glucose on Cr was 5h, the optimal dosage was 0.1g g-1; best adsorption time of organic soluble starch was 4h, and the optimum adding amount of 0.08g/g; best adsorption time of citric acid was 5h, the best concentration 0.005mol g-1; optimal adsorption time of organic acid EDTA was 3h, the optimum adding amount of 0.12g g-1. Glucose, soluble starch and citric acid significantly effected on the release of Cr in the sediment, however, influence of EDTA on the release of Cr was not so evident.

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