Research on Solvent Extraction Process of Coal for Direct Carbon Fuel Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 455-456 ◽  
pp. 862-866 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen Yan Bi ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Juan Miao ◽  
Yu Gui Zhang ◽  
Jian Feng Wan
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Rate Condition ◽  
Direct Carbon Fuel Cells ◽  
Time Required

Two different extraction methods, microwave extraction and traditional soxhlet extraction, were used to evaluate the optimal extraction process of coal for direct carbon fuel cells through enrichment efficiency of the organic components and extraction time required under the same extraction rate. The experimental results showed that the extraction rate of microwave extraction was 9.7368% when adopted tectonic coal of 8th coal mine as sample, selected 80mL pyridine as solvent, set 95W as microwave power and 3min as extraction time. Under the same extraction rate condition, soxhlet extraction time is 35.73h, and the extraction efficiency of the microwave extraction was 714.6 times that of the soxhlet extraction. The microwave extraction was a simplify and promising working for coal, which was used as raw fuel for direct carbon fuel cells, with fast extraction speed, large sample capacity, energy saving and environmental friendly.

scholarly journals Comparison of microwave and conventional extraction methods for natural dyes in wood waste of mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 618-623
Author(s):  
Selfina Gala ◽  
Sumarno Sumarno ◽  
Mahfud Mahfud
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Power ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Heating Time ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Conventional Extraction ◽  
Time Required

Natural dyes from mahogany are usually obtained by conventional extraction. This extraction process requires a large solvent, a long duration of the process so that the energy requirements are also higher. Therefore, the use of "green techniques" to extract natural dyes with a minimum of energy and solvent should be considered. One extraction method that has been developed is the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method. In this work, the effects of microwave power, material to solvent ratio, and the heating time on the extraction results and the pigment components of the extract were examined. A comparison of the time required for reflux extraction and Soxhlet was also made. In microwave extraction, the highest yield was obtained at optimum extraction conditions such as microwave power of 600 W, the ratio of material to solvent of 0.02 g/mL, extraction time of 30 min. While for reflux and Soxhlet extraction, the extraction time needed to obtain optimum yield was 120 min and 720 min, respectively. Identification of compound components by the phytochemical test. Descriptions of the effects of microwave and conventional extraction are shown by damage to the surface structure of solid materials using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).

Study on Extraction Efficiency of Coal with Different Methods

2013 ◽  
Vol 699 ◽  
pp. 841-845
Author(s):  
Hong Yang ◽  
Wen Yan Bi ◽  
Yu Gui Zhang ◽  
Hou Xiang Chen ◽  
Hua Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Tectonic Coal ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Fast Extraction

To raise the extraction efficiency of the organic components of coal, samples were selected from tectonic coal and original bituminous coal in symbiotic seam of coal in Pingdingshan 8th coal mine and 5th coal mine. For comparing the extraction time required under the same extraction rate, two different extraction methods, ultrasonic-microwave coordination extraction and traditional soxhlet extraction, was adopted. The experimental results showed that the extraction proportion of ultrasonic-microwave coordination extraction was 10.7911% when adopted tectonic coal of 8th coal mine as sample, selected 80mL pyridine as solvent, set 95W as microwave power and 3min as extraction time. Under the condition of same extraction proportion, soxhlet extraction time is 39.43h.So the extraction efficiency of the ultrasonic-microwave coordination extraction was as 788.6 times as soxhlet extraction. The ultrasonic-microwave coordination extraction was a simplify method with fast extraction speed, large volume sample, energy saving and environmental friendly.

Contrastive Studies of Coal between Direct Ultrasonic Extraction and Soxhlet Extraction

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 616-621
Author(s):  
Hong Yang ◽  
Wen Yan Bi ◽  
Hou Xiang Chen ◽  
Yu Gui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Bituminous Coal ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Ultrasonic Extraction ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Tectonic Coal ◽  
Fast Extraction ◽  
Solvent Volume

To compare the extraction rate of the organic components of coal between direct ultrasonic extraction and traditional soxhlet extraction, samples were selected from tectonic coal and original bituminous coal in Pingdingshan 8th coal mine and 5th coal mine. Compared the extraction time of two different extraction methods under the same extraction rate, the experimental results showed that the direct ultrasonic extraction rate was 3.6942% under the condition that coal was 8th coal mine tectonic coal, solvent was pyridine, extraction time was 6min and solvent volume was 60mL, while soxhlet extraction time was 14.59h in the same extraction rate. The extraction efficiency of the direct ultrasonic extraction was 145.9 times that of the soxhlet extraction. The ultrasonic extraction was a simplify working with fast extraction speed, sample capacity, energy saving, economy and environmental friendly. It also didn’t require heating which could avoid the influence of high-temperature on components extracted.

Optimization of Microwave Extraction Process by Response Surface Methodology of Flavonoids from Tussilago farfara L.

2013 ◽  
Vol 763 ◽  
pp. 246-249
Author(s):  
Xiao Song ◽  
Peng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Tussilago Farfara ◽  
Optimum Extraction

Flavonoids from Tussilago farfara L. was extracted with the assistance of microwave.Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize extraction time; microwave power and ratio of water to raw material to obtain a high flavonoids yield.The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: 73.3% ethanol-water solvent, time 16.25 min and ratio of solvent to raw material 36.2ml/g.The yield of flavonoids was 11.37% based on the above mentioned conditions.

Research on Biochemical Materials with Optimization of Microwave Extraction Process by Response Surface Methodology of Flavonoids from Platycarya strobi lacea sieb.et zucc.

2014 ◽  
Vol 1014 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Xiao Song ◽  
Peng Zhao ◽  
Qing Hua Meng ◽  
Zhi Shu Tang ◽  
Chang Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Optimum Extraction

Flavonoids from Platycarya Strobi lacea Sieb.et Zucc. was extracted with the assistance of microwave.Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize extraction time; microwave power and ratio of solvent to raw material to obtain a high flavonoids yield. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: 65.32% ethanol-water solvent, time 3.96 min and ratio of solvent to raw material 20.8 ml/g.The yield of flavonoids was 3.41% based on the above mentioned conditions.

Comparison of Four Different Extraction Methods of Oil from Macadamia integrifolia

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3382-3386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Qing Zhu ◽  
Li Jing Lin ◽  
Ji Hua Li ◽  
Guo Ti Lv ◽  
Mao Fang Huang
Keyword(s):  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Octadecadienoic Acid ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Macadamia Integrifolia ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Macadamia Nut

Four different extraction methods, solvent extraction, ultrasonic wave-assisted extraction, Soxhlet extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction, were used to extract oil from Macadamia integrifolia, which also named Macadamia nut oil. Fatty acid compositions of Macadamia nut oil were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed the highest extraction rate was 74.63% via Soxhlet extraction, while supercritical CO2 extraction was 70.53%, ultrasonic wave-assisted extraction was 57.19% and Solvent extraction was 50.37%. Six unsaturated fatty acids, including Z-9-Hexadecenoic acid, E-11-Hexadecenoic acid, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid, E-9-Octadecenoic acid and 9-eicosenoate, were identified in the oil by GC-MS．The relative extraction rate of unsaturated fatty acids were 36.53%, 44.21%, 60.62%, 56.81%, respectively. Though the extraction rate was the highest via Soxhlet extraction, the relative content of Z-9-Hexadecenoic acid and 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid were both higher extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction than Soxhlet extraction, which were 15.38% and 1.55%,. As supercritical CO2 extraction has no solvent residual problem, it would be the trend of the development inSubscript text the future to extract Macadamia nut oil.

scholarly journals Effects of Extraction Methods and Conditions on Bioactive Compounds Extracted from Phaeodactylum tricornutum

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 1250-1261
Author(s):  
Saniye Akyıl ◽  
Işıl İlter ◽  
Mehmet Koç ◽  
Zeliha Demirel ◽  
Ayşegül Erdoğan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Total Phenolic Content ◽  
Extraction Method ◽  
Phaeodactylum Tricornutum ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Solvent Ratio ◽  
Microwave Extraction

The effect of homogenization, ultrasound and microwave extraction methods and conditions on fucoxanthin content, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of extracts obtained from Phaeodactylum tricornutum were investigated in this study. The solvent/biomass ratio was the most effective parameter on fucoxanthin content, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity. The maximum fucoxanthin content (5.60 ± 0.06 mg/g) and antioxidant activity (763.00 ± 15.88 EC50 μg/mL extract) were obtained with the homogenization extraction method whose optimum conditions were 1.93% biomass/solvent ratio, ~5200 rpm homogenization rate and 14.2 min extraction time. Although the ultrasonic extraction method has reached the approximately same level of fucoxanthin content (5.24 ± 0.07 mg/g)), TPC (67.68 ± 1.58 mg gallic acid/L) and antioxidant activity (619.90 ± 17.16 EC50 μg/mL extract) at an amplitude of 55.72%, a higher biomass/solvent ratio (2.72%) and a longer extraction time (17.37 min) have been required. The lowest fucoxanthin content, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were determined for the microwave extraction method.

Comparison of Microwave Method with Traditional Method to Extract Tea Polyphenols

2014 ◽  
Vol 933 ◽  
pp. 183-186
Author(s):  
Yan Xia Han ◽  
Gong Nan Wang ◽  
Zhao Zhong Shi ◽  
Fang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Method ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Microwave Method ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Microwave Extraction ◽  
Orthogonal Optimization ◽  
Extraction Liquid

In this research, the primary study in extracting technologies of Tea polyphends was finished. On the basis of the water lixiviation by orthogonal optimization method, extraction process of TP by microwave extraction was optimized. The best combined condition of the water lixiviation as follows: liquid-lolid ratio 25:1, extraction temperature 95°C , extraction time 20min,Under this conditions, the yield of TP is 13.993 %.And the best combined condition by microwave extraction: liquid-lolid ratio 35:1, microwave power 750 W, extraction time 18min, and the yield of TP is 20.3023 % through duplicated experiment. The results showed that compare with water lixiviation, the yield of TP was enhanced by 6.3093 % by microwave method. Meanwhile, the extraction time by microwave method was reduced greatly.

scholarly journals THE EXTRACTION OF NATURAL DYES FROM JACKFRUIT WOOD WASTE (Artocarpus Heterophyllus Lamk) WITH WATER SOLVENT BY USING THE MICROWAVE METHOD

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-135
Author(s):  
Selfina Gala ◽  
Mahfud Mahfud ◽  
Sumarno Sumarno ◽  
Lailatul Qadariyah
Keyword(s):  
Structural Damage ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Water Solvent ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Optimum Extraction

Currently, exploration of natural dyes is increasingly being activated and developed, especially to find natural sources of dyes from different plant species and also to develop natural dyestuff extraction process technology for textile applications. During this natural dye extraction process is done by conventional methods that require a long time and a large amount of solvent. Therefore, it is a necessary alternative to the use of "green techniques" are economical in its use. In this research, extraction of Jackfruit wood waste with the microwave by studying the extraction time required to produce the optimum yield and comparing with the conventional method (heat-reflux extraction). Both of these methods use water solvent. On the microwave-assisted extraction, the optimum extraction time at 30 minutes with the acquisition yield of 3.14% (microwave power 400 watt, the ratio of material to solvent 0.02 g/mL). whereas extraction with heat-reflux method showed the optimum extraction time of 180 minutes with a yield of 3.50%. Identification of groups of pigments contained in the Jackfruit wood waste is known categories tannins, flavonoids, and quinones. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was used to identify the major chemical groups in the extracted dye. Description of the effects of extraction with microwave and conventional, structural damage shown in a solid surface material using by Scanning Electron Microscopy. Further, to test the application on the fabric dyeing.

scholarly journals Orthogonal Optimization of Polysaccharide Extraction from Millet Bran

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
Songling Cai ◽  
Min Pang
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Method ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Alkali Concentration ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Solid Ratio ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Orthogonal Optimization

This paper investigated the effects of liquid-solid ratio, extraction time, extraction temperature and alkali concentration on the extraction rate of millet bran polysaccharides by the enzymatic hydrolysis and alkaline extraction method, then the L9 (34) orthogonal test was designed to optimize the extraction process according to the single factor experiment.The optimum parameters were obtained as follow: 15:1 liquid-solid ratio, five hours extraction time, 80° extraction temperature, and 0.7 mol/l concentration of sodium hydroxide. The extraction rate of millet bran polysaccharide reached 11.46% through the verification experiments under these conditions,and the RSD was 1.79%. Therefore, it can provide some experimental basis for the scientific research of millet bran polysaccharides in the future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document