Innovative Integrated Reactor System for Carbon, Sulfur and Nitrogen Removal Based on Biological Phase-Separation

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 2547-2552
Author(s):  
Chun Shuang Liu ◽  
Ai Jie Wang ◽  
Chao Cheng Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Phase Separation ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Organic Matter Removal ◽  
Metabolic Functions

An innovative biological wastewater treatment system for the removal of organic carbon, sulfur and nitrogen was developed based on biological phase-separation principle. This system consists of three reactors integrated together i.e. sulfate reduction and organic matter removal (SR-CR), autotrophic and heterotrophic denitrifying sulfide removal (A&H-DSR) and nitrification (AN) reactors. In this system, the operational parameters for successful bio-phase separation are sulfate and organic loading rate, hydraulic retention time (HRT), COD/SO42-ratio and pH for the SR-CR reactor, and sulfide and nitrate loading rate, HRT, pH, S2-/NO3-ratio and COD/NO3-for the A&H-DSR reactor. The results from a laboratory scale system demonstrated that for the SR-CR reactor, the optimal operating conditions were HRT≥24 h; sulfate and organic loading rate ≤7.5 kg SO42-/m3•d and ≤10 kgCOD/m3•d; COD/SO42-≥2; and pH ≥6.5. For A&H-DSR process, the optimal conditions are sulfide loading rate ≤6.0kg S2-/m3•d; nitrate loading rate ≤3.5 kg NO3-/m3•d; S2-/NO3-≥1; COD/NO3-≥1.25:1; and pH≥7.5. Under such conditions, high sulfate, ammonia and organic matter removal of 99%, 90% and 99% were achieved, respectively. In this case, the elemental sulfur (S0) reclamation efficiency reached 6.0 kg S0/m3•d, around 20 times higher than the maximum level as referred in the literatures. DGGE profiling indicated that the predominant functional organisms of Clostridiaceae sp., Desulfomicrobium sp., Methanosaeta sp. dominated in the SR-CR reactor, and Sulfurovum sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Denitratisoma sp. in the A&H-DSR reactor. These species played essential role in metabolic functions in each bio-phase.

Aerobic granular sludge in an SBR-system treating wastewater rich in particulate matter

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Schwarzenbeck ◽  
R. Erley ◽  
P.A. Wilderer
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Primary Particle ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Granular Sludge ◽  
Aerobic Granular Sludge ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Particle Uptake ◽  
Tracer Experiments

Aerobic granular sludge was successfully cultivated in a lab-scale SBR-system treating malting wastewater with a high content of particulate organic matter (0.9 gTSS/L). At an organic loading rate (CODtotal) of 3.4 kg/(m3·d) an average removal efficiency of 50% in CODtotal and 80% in CODdissolved was achieved. Fractionation of the COD by means of particle size showed that particles with a diameter less than 25–50 μm could be removed at 80% efficiency, whereas particles bigger than 50 μm were only removed at 40% efficiency. Tracer experiments revealed a dense sessile protozoa population covering the granules. The protozoa appeared to be responsible for primary particle uptake from the wastewater.

scholarly journals Effect of the Progressive Increase of Organic Loading Rate in an Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor for Biodiesel Wastewater Treatment

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Erlon Lopes Pereira ◽  
Alisson Carraro Borges ◽  
Greicelene Jesus da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Degradation Kinetics ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor

The wastewater from the biodiesel industry is an environmental problem, and from a sanitation resources perspective, the anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR) is an interesting alternative for wastewater treatment. A better understanding of ASBR operation behavior under the progressive increase of the organic loading rate (OLR) is crucial for upscaling. The objective of this study was to monitor an ASBR operating with an OLR ranging from 1.3 to 9.3 kgCOD m−3 d−1. The average chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiencies of the ASBR were 52, 41, 47, and 11% for phases 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. The apparent kinetic coefficient, i.e., the rate of degradation of organic matter, was between 0.10 and 1.80 h−1, considering the kinetic model that considers the residual substrate concentration, which was the one that best fit the obtained data. The progressive increase in applied OLR modified the microbial biomass diversity, which in turn influenced the degradation kinetics of the organic matter. In addition, the values of the applied OLR of 5.1 kgCOD m−3 d−1 and a food to microorganism ratio (F/M) of 0.6 kgCOD kgVSS−1 d−1 were shown to be limiting values that promoted the overload of ASBR.

Anaerobic monodigestion of poultry manure: determination of operational parameters for CSTR

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Chamy ◽  
C. León ◽  
E. Vivanco ◽  
P. Poirrier ◽  
C. Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Volatile Solids ◽  
High Alkalinity ◽  
Vs Removal

In this work the anaerobic monodigestion for the treatment of turkey manure was evaluated, without its codigestion with another substrate. The effect of the organic loading rate (OLR) and the substrate concentration (high total solids (TS) concentration) or product concentration (high volatile fatty acids (VFA) and/or ammonia (NH3-N) concentrations) was studied. The results show that for a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) operation, a maximum of 40 g/L of TS and 4.0 g/L of ammonium (NH4+) was required. In addition, the maximum organic loading rate (OLR) will not exceed 1.5 kg VS/m3d. Higher TS and NH4+ concentrations and OLR lead to a reduction on the methane productivity and volatile solids (VS) removal. During the CSTR operation, a high alkalinity concentration (above 10 g/L CaCO3) was found; this situation allowed maintaining a constant and appropriate pH (close to 7.8), despite the VFA accumulation. In this sense, the alkalinity ratio (α) is a more appropriate control and monitoring parameter of the reactor operation compared to pH. Additionally, with this parameter a VS removal of 80% with a methane productivity of 0.50 m3CH4/m3Rd is achieved.

scholarly journals Effect of Organic Loading Rate on the Biological Performance of the Thermophilic Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor Treating Pulp and Paper Primary Sludge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alnour Bokhary ◽  
Mathew Leitch ◽  
Baoqiang Liao
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Primary Sludge ◽  
Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactor

Abstract Waste-to-energy or value-added products have been increasingly considered in many pulp and paper mills (PPMs) worldwide. However, developing appropriate conversion technologies is a major challenge in transforming PPMs wastes into biofuels or value-added biomaterials. In the present study, a long-term (320 d) anaerobic digestion of primary sludge of a thermomechanical pulp mill (TMP) was carried out for the first time in a thermophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor (ThAnMBR). Effect of organic loading rate (OLR) in the range of 2.5–6.8 kg-COD/m3 d and hydraulic retention times (HRT) of 3–8 d on the process performance was investigated. Under various OLRs, stable biogas productions were obtained, and the best results were achieved with lower OLR (2.5 kg-COD/m3 d) and higher HRT (8 d), at biogas yields of 189 L biogas/kg MLSS fed. However, it was found that biogas production and sludge biomass degradation decrease when the organic loading rate increases. The proportion of sludge reduction ranged from 28.9 to 46.7% depending on the applied OLRs. Despite varying OLRs, stable membrane performance was obtained, where the required membrane flux was easily maintained during the reactor operation. In this study, also the properties of digestate and membrane permeates were studied under different operating conditions, and they fluctuated to some extent with OLR. ThAnMBR is a promising new technology for pulp and paper mill primary sludge treatment.

scholarly journals Experiments and Modeling for Flexible Biogas Production by Co-Digestion of Food Waste and Sewage Sludge

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiyun Liu ◽  
Tao Huang ◽  
Xiaofeng Li ◽  
Jingjing Huang ◽  
Daoping Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Feeding Mode ◽  
Rapid Responses

This paper explores the feasibility of flexible biogas production by co-digestion of food waste and sewage sludge based on experiments and mathematical modeling. First, laboratory-scale experiments were carried out in variable operating conditions in terms of organic loading rate and feeding frequency to the digester. It is demonstrated that biogas production can achieve rapid responses to arbitrary feedings through co-digestion, and the stability of the anaerobic digestion process is not affected by the overloading of substrates. Compared with the conventional continuous mode, the required biogas storage capacity in flexible feeding mode can be significantly reduced. The optimum employed feeding organic loading rate (OLR) is identified, and how to adjust the feeding scheme for flexible biogas production is also discussed. Finally, a simplified prediction model for flexible biogas production is proposed and verified by experimental data, which could be conveniently used for demand-oriented control. It is expected that this research could give some theoretical basis for the enhancement of biogas utilization efficiency, thus expanding the applications of bio-energy.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF OPERATING CONDITIONS ON THE PRODUCTION OF VOLATILE FATTY ACIDS FROM ORGANIC WASTES

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Battaglia
Keyword(s):  
Retention Time ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Optimal Range ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Thermophilic Conditions ◽  
Substrate To Inoculum Ratio

The five parameters being analyzed are pH, temperature, retention time/organic loading rate, substrate to inoculum ratio, and inhibitors of VFAs. The effect of pH has been shown to produce optimal concentrations of VFAs when outside the optimal range of methanogenesis. Temperature sees different types of VFAs being produced at different concentrations dependant on mesophilic or thermophilic conditions. The organic loading rate (OLR) and retention time (RT) demonstrate similar concepts as longer periods of time allow for more VFAs to be converted from the waste but readily supplying waste to digesters sees higher concentrations produced immediately. The substrate to inoculum ratio (S/I) showed ratios above 1 to be favorable in production as it provided enough inoculum (microorganisms) to convert VFAs effectively. Lastly, the effects of several VFA inhibitors are discussed with regards to their impacts on the anaerobic digestion process and their inhibition of certain VFA’s formation.

Effect of organic loading rate on organic matter and foulant characteristics in membrane bio-reactor

2012 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A.H. Johir ◽  
S. Vigneswaran ◽  
A. Sathasivan ◽  
J. Kandasamy ◽  
C.Y. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading

scholarly journals Treatment of winery wastewater by an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor

2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Ruíz ◽  
M. Torrijos ◽  
P. Sousbie ◽  
J. Lebrato Martínez ◽  
R. Moletta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Sequencing Batch Reactor ◽  
Loading Rate ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Organic Loading Rate ◽  
Organic Loading ◽  
Winery Wastewater ◽  
Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor

Treatment of winery wastewater was investigated using an anaerobic sequencing batch reactor (ASBR). Biogas production rate was monitored and permitted the automation of the bioreactor by a simple control system. The reactor was operated at an organic loading rate (ORL) around 8.6 gCOD/L.d with soluble chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency greater than 98%, hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 2.2 d and a specific organic loading rate (SOLR) of 0.96 gCOD/gVSS.d. The kinetics of COD and VFA removal were investigated for winery wastewater and for simple compounds such as ethanol, which is a major component of winery effluent, and acetate, which is the main volatile fatty acid (VFA) produced. The comparison of the profiles obtained with the 3 substrates shows that, overall, the acidification of the organic matter and the methanisation of the VFA follow zero order reactions, in the operating conditions of our study. The effect on the gas production rate resulted in two level periods separated by a sharp break when the acidification stage was finished and only the breaking down of the VFA continued.

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