Analysis on the Ecological Compensation in China's Water Source Protection Zones: A Case Study of the Middle Route Water Source Area of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 3005-3020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Xiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
The South ◽  
Compensation Policy ◽  
Ecological Compensation ◽  
North Water ◽  
Evaluation Mechanism

Having become the tool to resolve the watershed environmental protection and local development contradictions, ecological compensation has been drawing increasing attention. Conflicts in environmental protection and regional development of the middle route water source area of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project urgently need to be resolved by the ecological compensation. However, the ecological compensation remains unsound yet. The author of this paper introduces the existing ecological compensation policy of the middle route water source area, analyzes main problems existing in ecological compensation policies in the middle route water source area, e.g. lack of legislative support for ecological compensation, insufficient researches on compensation standards, limited channel of funds and unsound evaluation mechanism and ultimately puts forward some suggestions on the improvement of ecological compensation policies of the water source area.

scholarly journals The practice of water operation and groundwater protection in the middle route of South-to-North Water Transfer Project

2018 ◽  
Vol 246 ◽  
pp. 01052
Author(s):  
Jia Li ◽  
Yuan-yuan Gao ◽  
Liu-qing Yan ◽  
Jian-wen Yao ◽  
Gui-fang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
North China ◽  
Groundwater Protection ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Environmental Water ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
The South ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
North Water ◽  
Water Amount

The South-to-North Water Transfer Project plays an important role in guaranteeing the sustainable development of economy and society in North China. The first phase of the middle route of the South-to- North Water Transfer Project (m-SNWTP) has been running safely in the past three years, and the dispatched water amount is increasing. This paper mainly describes the water operation of the m-SNWTP and the groundwater protection in the water-receiving areas. Up to the end of June 2018, more than 1.4×1010m3water had been supplied to the m-SNWTP benefited regions, including 8.65×108m3environmental water. In addition, the m-SNWTP provides water source guarantee for the environment restoration. Over 1.326 ×109m3overexploited groundwater has been reduced in the urban areas of the water-receiving areas, and the continuous decline of groundwater level has been effectively curbed.

Risk analysis of rich–poor rainfall encounter in inter-basin water transfer projects based on Bayesian networks

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 451-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang Ling ◽  
He Xiaocong
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
The North ◽  
Huai River ◽  
North Water ◽  
Basin Water ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Scientific Decision

An inter-basin water transfer project is one of the effective ways to resolve the problem of an uneven distribution of water resources. Temporal and spatial variations in rainfall in different basins greatly affect water supply and demand in inter-basin water transfer projects, leading to risks to the operation of the water transfer projects. This paper applies a Bayesian network model to analyze this risk and studies the rich–poor rainfall encounter risk between a water source area and water receiving areas in the middle route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project in China. Real time scenario simulations with the input of new observations were also studied. The results show that the rich–poor rainfall encounter risk is high for the Tangbai River receiving area in the fourth quarter, for the Huai River and South of Hai River receiving area in the second quarter, and for the North of the Hai River receiving area in the fourth and first quarters. The scenario simulations reflect risk change in the operation of water transfer projects, providing scientific decision support for the management of the water resource distribution in the inter-basin water transfer projects.

scholarly journals Comparisons and improvements of eco-compensation standards for water resource protection in the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2988-2999
Author(s):  
Mengkai Liu ◽  
Jing Guo
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Source Area ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Diversion ◽  
The South ◽  
Ecological Service ◽  
Water Diversion Project ◽  
North Water ◽  
Compensation Standard ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Reasonable eco-compensation standards are conducive to increasing the enthusiasm of residents in the water source area of the water diversion project for ecological environmental protection and maintenance and for improving the water quality security of the water receiving area. In this paper, a comparative analysis of calculation mechanisms, formulas, and results of 7 types of eco-compensation standard methods for the Middle Route Project of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project in China is conducted. The research shows that the calculated results for the 7 types of methods differ greatly and considers that the cost and ecological service value methods are appropriate. Using this as the basic method to consider introducing market value of water resources, internal income of water source area, and government financial support for method improvement, the results show that the improved methods can reduce the gap between the per capita income of the water source area and the reference area, increase the satisfaction of both the water receiving area and the water source area, and provide support for overall socioeconomic development.

scholarly journals An Eco-Compensation Strategy in the Water Source Area: A Case for Southern Shaanxi in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Zelin Wang ◽  
Ruliang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Source Area ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Northern China ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Compensation Strategy ◽  
Ecological Compensation ◽  
The People ◽  
Southern Shaanxi

The South-to-North Water Transfer Project (SNWTP) in China which is the world’s largest water transfer project completed in 2014 is promoted as a strategy to mitigate water stresses in the northern China by the Chinese government and engineers. However, the ecological compensation of SNWTP in China has been slow and less for the people living in the water source area which was lost their opportunities to earn money; some had even lost their farmland. A key issue for SNWTP is to establish an eco-compensation system, define the compensation scheme, and make an effective economic compensation to the people living in the water source area. In this paper, we take the water source area of the Middle-Route project of SNWTP located in Southern Shaanxi including three cities called Hanzhong, Ankang and Shangluo as the research regions. Six factors are taken into consideration: (1) ecological losses, (2) economic losses and (3) ecological bonus in our eco-compensation strategy, as well as join two dynamic factors accounting in the calculation of ecological damage, (4) water quantity and (5) water quality. Besides, the total amount of compensation is changing over time. (6) Time scale factor is also used to simulate. In the article, we set three-time periods to calculate the different amount of compensation for the water source area. Finally, the Southern Shaanxi, supplied 70% water to Danjiangkou Reservoir, were analyzed by this model. We make full use of the reasonable eco-compensation strategy and try to solve actual problems of water source area and even provide a basis conception for the watershed protection and management.

scholarly journals Habitat Quality Effect and Driving Mechanism of Land Use Transitions: A Case Study of Henan Water Source Area of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 796
Author(s):  
Meijing Chen ◽  
Zhongke Bai ◽  
Qingri Wang ◽  
Zeyu Shi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Habitat Quality ◽  
Habitat Suitability ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Water Transfer ◽  
Slope Aspect ◽  
The South ◽  
Land Use Transition ◽  
The Past ◽  
North Water

Accelerating urbanization and industrialization have had substantial impacts on economic and social activities, changed the surface environment of the earth, and affected global climate change and biodiversity. If reasonable and effective management measures are not implemented in time, unchecked urbanization and industrialization will damage the structure and function of the ecosystem, endanger human and biological habitats, and ultimately lead to difficulties in achieving sustainable development. This study investigates the habitat quality effect of land use transition and analyzes the cause and mechanism of such changes from an economic–social–ecological complex system perspective in the Henan Water Source (HWS) area of the Middle Route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project (MRP). The study comprehensively examines the characteristics of land use transition from 2000 to 2020. The results indicate that the habitat quality of the HWS area of the MRP decreased slowly over the past 20 years, with a more obvious decrease in the past 10 years. Specifically, the proportion of high quality habitat areas is relatively large and stable, and the medium and low quality habitat areas increase significantly. Analyzing the change degree of the proportion of different levels of habitat quality area in each county, revealed that Dengzhou City had the most dramatic change, followed by the Xichuan and Neixiang counties; other counties did not undergo obvious change. The results of habitat quality factor detection by GeoDetector showed that land use transition plays a decisive role in the change of habitat quality. The types of land use with high habitat suitability compared to those with low habitat suitability will inevitably lead to a decrease in habitat quality. Additionally, elevation, slope, landform type, and annual precipitation are important factors affecting the habitat quality in the HWS area of the MRP, indicating that ecological factors determine the background conditions of habitat quality. The gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, the proportion of agricultural output value, grain yield per unit area in economic factors, population density, and urbanization rate in social factors affect the spatial differentiation of habitat quality to a certain extent. Soil type, annual mean temperature, vegetation type, and NDVI index have weak effects on habitat quality, while road network density and slope aspect have no significant effect on habitat quality. The results of this study provide a basis for the improvement of habitat quality, ecosystem protection and restoration, land resource management, and related policies in the HWS area of the MRP. They also provide references for the research and practice of the habitat quality effects of land use transition in other regions.

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