Research Progress on Binder of Activated Carbon Electrode

The activated carbon electrode has been widely used as an electrode material in capacitive deionization (CDI). The binder of activated carbon electrode has important influence on the electrochemical properties and structures of the electrodes. The effect of binder on the conductivity and capacitance of the electrodes is discussed in this article. And the structures characteristics of electrodes by adding different kinds of binder are summarized. The electrodes have higher capacitance and specific surface using polyvinylalochol (PVA) and sulfosuccinic-acid (SSA) as hydrophilic binder, comparing with hydrophobic binders include phenolicresin, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF). Therefore, activated carbon electrodes consisted by PVA and SSA are expected to become the future hot spot. The study of this paper has special significance to the choice and application of the binder in capacitive deionization.

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Electrosorptive Deionization Based on Activated Carbon Capacitor Prepared from Bamboo Char

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.378 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 233-235 ◽

pp. 378-381

Author(s):

Ling Zhang ◽

Dan Zuo ◽

Su Li Guo ◽

Zhong Cao ◽

Jun Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Metal Ions ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Surface Area ◽

Specific Surface Area ◽

Tap Water ◽

High Specific Surface Area ◽

Carbon Electrodes ◽

Carbon Electrode ◽

Direct Voltage

A kind of bamboo char with high specific surface area has been studied as the absorption material of the activated carbon electrodes, and the electrosorptive deionization ability of the as-obtained electrodes for elimination of metal ions in tap water has been examined under certain direct voltage. The effects of the distance between the elect rode plates, and the numbers of the electrode plates have been investigated in detail. The results show that the electrodes exhibit the optimal deionization ability over 2 cm of distance between the electrode plates and 4 couples of the elect rode plates. The reverse wash treatment indicates that the activated carbon electrodes can be cycle used. The efficiency order of the electrosorptive deionization of different metal ions on the activated carbon electrode has been summarized as follows: Pb2+＞Cu2+＞Cr3+＞Cd2+.

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Synthesis of activated carbon electrodes from date seeds with a variety of separators for supercapacitor cell applications

Journal of Aceh Physics Society ◽

10.24815/jacps.v10i3.18512 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 53-59

Author(s):

Desmagrini Desmagrini ◽

Awitdrus Awitdrus ◽

Erman Taer ◽

Rakhmawati Farma

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Specific Capacitance ◽

Electrode Material ◽

Basic Material ◽

Carbon Electrodes ◽

Carbon Electrode ◽

Carbonization Process ◽

Cyclic Voltametry ◽

Date Seed ◽

Whatman Paper

Abstrak. Karbon aktif yang berasal dari biomassa telah menjadi bahan elektroda paling kompetitif untuk superkapasitor karena sifatnya yang terbarukan dan berkelanjutan. Upaya optimalisasi dilakukan untuk proses pembuatan sel superkapasitor dengan memvariasikan separator agar dapat memperoleh kapasitansi spesifik yang tinggi. Biomassa biji kurma sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan elektroda karbon melalui proses prakarbonisasi, aktivasi kimia dengan aktivator KOH 0,3M, proses karbonisasi dengan suhu 650oC dialiri gas nitrogen. Penyusutan massa karbon sebesar 24,59%. Nilai densitas dari elektroda karbon setelah dilakukan proses karbonisasi adalah 0,852 g cm-3. Analisis struktur mikro menunjukkan bahwa elektroda karbon bersifat amorf ditunjukkan dengan adanya puncak pada sudut 2θ sekitar 24o dan 44o. Kapasitansi spesifik ditentukan dengan metode Cyclic Voltametry dan didapati sebesar 217,22; 176,18; dan 82,8 F/g masing-masing untuk variasi separator kertas whatman, kertas saring, dan membran telur ayam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kertas whatman merupakan separator terbaik untuk elektroda karbon dari biji kurma. Oleh karena itu karbon aktif yang dibuat dari biji kurma dengan biaya rendah, ketersedian mudah, dan berkelanjutan dapat diaplikasikan sebagai bahan elektroda untuk superkapasitor.Abstract. Activated carbon derived from biomass has become the most competitive electrode material for supercapacitors due to its renewable and sustainable nature. Optimization efforts are made for the process of making supercapacitor cells by varying the separator in order to obtain a high specific capacitance. Date seed biomass as the basic material for making carbon electrodes through a pre-carbonization process, chemical activation with a KOH activator of 0.3M, the carbonization process at a temperature of 650oC flowed with nitrogen gas. Shrinkage of carbon by 24.59%. The density value of the carbon electrode that was carried out by the carbonization process was 0.852 g.cm-3. The microstructure analysis showed that the carbon electrode was amorphous indicated by the presence of a peak at an angle of 2θ around 24o and 44o. Specific capacitance was determined by the Cyclic Voltametry method and was found to be 217.22, 176.18, and 82.8 F/g respectively for the Whatman paper, filter paper, and chicken egg membrane separator variations. The results showed that whatman paper was the best separator for carbon electrodes from date palm seeds. Therefore, activated carbon made from date seeds with low cost, easy availability, and sustainability can be applied as an electrode material for supercapacitors.Keywords: Date seed, Activated Carbon, Supercapacitor, Carbon Electrode, Separator

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Effect of Hydrophilicity of Activated Carbon Electrodes on Desalination Performance in Membrane Capacitive Deionization

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9235055 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (23) ◽

pp. 5055 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kyusik Jo ◽

Youngbin Baek ◽

Changha Lee ◽

Jeyong Yoon

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Ion Exchange ◽

Surface Chemistry ◽

Specific Surface ◽

Electrode Materials ◽

Carbon Electrodes ◽

Water Molecules ◽

Capacitive Deionization ◽

Surface Areas ◽

Specific Surface Areas

Membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) is a modification of capacitive deionization (CDI) using ion-exchange membranes (IEM) in front of the electrodes. Electrode properties, especially the specific surface area, are known to be strongly related with desalination performance in CDI, but the effects of other properties in MCDI are not fully understood. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of hydrophilicity in activated carbon electrodes on desalination performance in MCDI. Two types of activated carbon (P60 and YS-2) whose specific surface areas were similar were used as electrode materials, but they had different hydrophilicity (i.e., P60 was originally hydrophobic and YS-2 was relatively hydrophilic due to its nitrogen-containing surface chemistry). These hydrophilic electrodes (either the electrode itself or modified with polydopamine (PDA)) led to an increase in the salt adsorption capacity (SAC) in MCDI because they facilitated the access of both ions and water molecules into the electrode pores. In particular, the SAC of the P60 electrode displayed a large increase to almost reach that of the YS-2 electrode due to the improved hydrophilicity with PDA modification and the insignificant effects of PDA modification on an already hydrophilic YS-2 electrode. Additionally, PDA-modified IEM in MCDI reduced the SAC as a result of the additional insulating PDA layer with little changes in hydrophilicity.

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High Performance Hybrid Capacitive Deionization with Ag-coated Activated Carbon Electrode

Environmental Science Water Research & Technology ◽

10.1039/d1ew00209k ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hongsik Yoon ◽

Jiho Lee ◽

Taijin Min ◽

Gunhee Lee ◽

Minsub Oh

Keyword(s):

Activated Carbon ◽

Water Treatment ◽

Industrial Application ◽

High Performance ◽

Treatment System ◽

Carbon Electrode ◽

Capacitive Deionization ◽

Water Treatment System

Capacitive deionization (CDI) has been highlighted as a promising electrochemical water treatment system. However, the low deionization capacity of CDI electrodes has been a major limitation for its industrial application,...

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