Preliminary Study on Teaching Reform of Cosmetic Raw Material Science

2013 ◽  
Vol 634-638 ◽  
pp. 3903-3907
Author(s):  
Guang Yong Zhu ◽  
Zuo Bing Xiao ◽  
Ru Jun Zhou ◽  
Ya Lun Zhu ◽  
Feng Ping Yi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Science ◽  
Special Function ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Teaching Reform ◽  
Cosmetic Formulation ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
Institute Of Technology ◽  
Raw Material Selection

Cosmetics are manufactured from various raw materials based on rational formula. In order to obtain cosmetics with good quality and special function, cosmetic raw material selection is very important. The raw material selection is a key technique except for cosmetic formulation. Only structures, characteristics of the raw material were grasped, they can be used correctly and flexibly and new cosmetics can be developed. A suitable textbook about cosmetic raw materials written in Chinese is not available at present. Course construction about cosmetic raw material is needed and urgent. Therefore, a new course, Cosmetic Raw Material Science, is introduced in Shanghai Institute of Technology. It is a fundamental subject for students with major of cosmetics. The course contents and the teaching methods were described in the paper.

scholarly journals The pottery traditions of Levshinskiy stage of the Kama Neolithic and Novoilyinskaya Eneolithic cultures

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Olga Viktorovna Andreeva ◽  
Nadezhda Sergeevna Batueva
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Molding Material ◽  
Raw Material Selection

The following paper deals with the complexes of the late (Levshin) stage of the Kama culture and the early Eneolithic ceramic complexes of the Novoilyinskaya culture of the Middle Prikamye within the framework of a historical-cultural approach to the study of pottery. In the course of the work, the most stable traditions of raw material selection were highlighted: silty clay was used for the Kama culture; clay and silty clay were used in equal shares for the manufacture of Novoilyinskaya ceramics. For the manufacture of Kama ceramics raw materials were initially dried and crushed; this tradition was absent in the Novoilyinskaya culture. In both cultures mostly unsprayed (ductile) raw materials were used. As a result, it turned out that the population of the Kama region of the early Eneolithic was formed on the basis of the genesis of the local Neolithic population - the Kama culture representatives with the new (Volga) population. This fact may be indicated by differences in the skills of preparing plastic raw materials, mineral impurities for the preparation of the molding material, as well as the methods of applying the ornament.

scholarly journals Science and Technology for Alen-Alen Entrepreneur Comunities

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-88
Author(s):  
Hotnida Sinaga ◽  
Linda Masniary Lubis ◽  
Siti Kadijah Nasution
Keyword(s):  
Production Process ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Production Practice ◽  
Service Activity ◽  
Raw Material Selection ◽  
Standard Hygiene

This community service activity was intended to assist entrepreneurs engaged in the production of alen-alen, a product made from cassava. There are some problems encountered in the production process, such as washing raw materials manually, work safety during the production practice, products that are not in accordance with standard hygiene and sanitation and packaging process that has not been designed properly. The entrepreneurs want to increase production but the equipment and processing machinery are very limited. To overcome this problem, several methods can be performed by the academics, such as facilitating them with appropriate tools that meet the needs in the field. A cassava washer unit and specific boiler tools to avoid hot steam when taking the material were offered. In addition, entrepreneurs were trained in hygiene and sanitation in alen-alen making, educated for packaging technology quality, raw material selection and the use of food coloring, formulating variations for alen-alen manufacture, as well as financial bookkeeping training. The implementation of these activities is expected to generate shorter production process time leading to further increase in the production, income and welfare of the entrepreneurs.

Raw Material Selection and Stone Tool Production: Limestone Bifaces in the Mopan Valley, Belize

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 198-204
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Horowitz ◽  
Bernadette Cap ◽  
Jason Yaeger ◽  
Meaghan Peuramaki-Brown ◽  
Mark Eli
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Stone Tool ◽  
Maya Lowlands ◽  
Belize River Valley ◽  
Raw Material Selection

Stone tool producers in the Maya Lowlands had several types of raw materials from which to choose. Limestone, chert, and obsidian are the most naturally abundant, whereas chert and obsidian outnumber limestone in archaeological contexts. The presence of flaked-stone tools made of limestone is typically attributed to the scarcity of more suitable raw materials. Nevertheless, in chert-rich areas, such as the upper Belize River valley, limestone bifaces and production debitage are present. To understand their presence, we examine limestone biface production and use at Buenavista del Cayo.

Measures to Control the Temperature of the Concrete Cracks in Foundation Mass

2015 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 309-312
Author(s):  
Zi Chun Mao ◽  
Dong Wang ◽  
Yuan Bo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Concrete Strength ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Stress Generation ◽  
Grade Configuration ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Raw Material Selection

In the construction process, the concrete has been get fully utilized, there have been a variety of concrete strength grade configuration requirements and the corresponding raw materials. In the pouring process large volume concrete base, since the temperature stress generation will produce concrete temperature cracks, so the concrete pouring, raw material selection, after pouring temperature control measures have higher requirements. Based on a practical project, the construction of the control temperature stress did some exploratory research.

Raw material selection and evidence for rhinoceros tooth tools at Dadong Cave, southern China

Antiquity ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 74 (284) ◽  
pp. 372-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Miller-Antonio ◽  
L. A. Schepartz ◽  
D. Bakken
Keyword(s):  
Material Selection ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Raw Material Selection ◽  
Lower Palaeolithic

Research in Dadong Cave, southern China, has revealed evidence suggesting that nonlithic materials were used in the tool kits of the Chinese Lower Palaeolithic.

The issue of "oil shrinkage" during the compounding of oils in the processes of production, collection, preparation and transportation of hydrocarbon raw materials

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-113
Author(s):  
O. P. Deryugina ◽  
E. A. Trapeznikov
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Colloidal System ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Mixed Oil

The article discusses the issue of industrial compounding, which improves the quality of the raw materials supplied to the main pipelines. Compounding from "to compound" (English) - to mix. When mixing different types of oil obtained, "incompatibility" is possible, which is expressed in the precipitation of a solid sediment and violation of the stability of the colloidal system and due to the differing properties of oils. Attention to this problem is due to the tightening of requirements for the quality of raw materials that must comply with modern standards. The article discusses the causes of the problem of "incompatibility" of oil during compounding and effective ways of solving it, substantiates the need for a preliminary study of the properties of mixed oil in order to identify possible incompatibility of various types of oil. The standard tests for determination of incompatibility indices characterizing the ability of raw materials to mix are considered. The article substantiates the need to develop methods for diagnosing the incompatibility of oils as the most important task of modern chemical science, the solution of which will improve the quality of the raw material obtained and solve many technological problems in the compounding process.

scholarly journals Raw material optimization and stone tool engineering in the Early Stone Age of Olduvai Gorge (Tanzania)

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (162) ◽  
pp. 20190377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alastair Key ◽  
Tomos Proffitt ◽  
Ignacio de la Torre
Keyword(s):  
Functional Performance ◽  
Material Selection ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Stone Tool ◽  
Olduvai Gorge ◽  
Stone Age ◽  
Material Optimization ◽  
Early Stone Age

For more than 1.8 million years hominins at Olduvai Gorge were faced with a choice: whether to use lavas, quartzite or chert to produce stone tools. All are available locally and all are suitable for stone tool production. Using controlled cutting tests and fracture mechanics theory we examine raw material selection decisions throughout Olduvai's Early Stone Age. We quantify the force, work and material deformation required by each stone type when cutting, before using these data to compare edge sharpness and durability. Significant differences are identified, confirming performance to depend on raw material choice. When combined with artefact data, we demonstrate that Early Stone Age hominins optimized raw material choices based on functional performance characteristics. Doing so flexibly: choosing raw materials dependent on their sharpness and durability, alongside a tool's loading potential and anticipated use-life. In this way, we demonstrate that early lithic artefacts at Olduvai Gorge were engineered to be functionally optimized cutting tools.

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