Mathematical Modeling of Chromium(Ш) Extraction by Emulsion Liquid Membrane

2013 ◽  
Vol 791-793 ◽  
pp. 315-319
Author(s):  
Yao Zhong Xie ◽  
De Jun Fei ◽  
Ya Gu Dang ◽  
Jian Xun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Mass Transfer Process ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Reversible Reaction ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Diffusion Resistance ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Primary Resistance ◽  
Internal Phase

Advancing front model, carrier-facilitated transfer model and reversible reaction model were applied to simulate extracting chromium (Ш) from wastewater by emulsion liquid membrane using di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid as carrier and Span-80 as surfactant. Parameters of the mathematic models were gained from the designed experiments, and the reversible reaction model can be used with a reasonably accuracy as estimates of chromium (Ш) permeation. The experimental results demonstrate that the role of reversibility of the chemical reaction between internal phase and membrane phase should be considered, and the diffusion resistance is the primary resistance of the mass transfer process.

CADMIUM REMOVAL USING VEGETABLE OIL BASED EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE (ELM): MEMBRANE BREAKAGE INVESTIGATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Ahmad ◽  
M. M. H. Shah Buddin ◽  
B. S. Ooi ◽  
Adhi Kusumastuti
Keyword(s):  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Aliquat 336 ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Cadmium Removal ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Span 80

The aim of this research is to quantify the occurrence of membrane breakage in vegetable oil based Emulsion Liquid Membrane (ELM). Basically, ELM consists of three main phases; internal, external and membrane. In this work, the membrane phase was prepared by dissolving Span 80 as surfactant and Aliquat 336 as carrier in commercial grade corn oil. As a way to promote sustainable development, vegetable oil which is environmentally benign diluent was incorporated in the formulation of ELM. The influence of several important parameters towards membrane breakage were studied. They are carrier and surfactant concentration, W/O volume ratio, emulsification time, internal phase concentration as well as stirring speed. Based on the data obtained, emulsion prepared using 4 wt% Aliquat 336 and 3 wt% Span 80 resulted in the most stable emulsion with only 0.05% membrane breakage. The emulsion was produced using W/O volume ratio of 1/3 and it was homogenized with the assistance of ultrasound for 15 min. Moreover, emulsion produced able to provide a fair balance between emulsion stability and Cd(II) permeability as it able to remove 98.20% Cd(II) ions from the external phase. 

A two-step approach for copper and nickel extracting and recovering by emulsion liquid membrane

2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 2454-2461
Author(s):  
Qiang Bi ◽  
Juanqin Xue ◽  
Yingjuan Guo ◽  
Guoping Li ◽  
Haibin Cui
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Process Variable ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Application Technology ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Phase Volume Fraction ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Valuable Metals

The recycling of copper and nickel from metallurgical wastewater using emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) was studied. P507 (2-ethylhexyl phosphonic acid-2-ethylhexyl ester) and TBP (tributyl phosphate) were used as carriers for the extraction of copper and nickel by ELMs, respectively. The influence of four emulsion composition variables, namely, the internal phase volume fraction (ϕ), surfactant concentration (Wsurf), internal phase stripping acid concentration (Cio) and the carrier concentration (Cc), and the process variable treat ratio on the extraction efficiencies of copper or nickel were studied. Under the optimum conditions, 98% copper and nickel were recycled by using ELM. The results indicated that ELM extraction is a promising industrial application technology to retrieve valuable metals in low concentration metallurgical wastewater.

scholarly journals Optimization of Emulsion Liquid Membrane for Lead Separation from Aqueous Solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 2068-2072 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Fouad ◽  
F. Ahmad ◽  
K. Abdelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Lead Extraction ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Pareto Chart ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Phase Concentration ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Optimal Values ◽  
Agitation Time

This study focuses on evaluating the process parameters and their effects on extraction of lead as well as emulsion breaking. The Signal / Noise ratios have been used to study the performance characteristics. Six parameters affecting extraction by emulsion liquid membrane, namely, TOPO, Span80, and internal phase concentration, feed/emulsion ratio, agitation time and feed pH have been optimized with considerations to lead extraction and emulsion breaking. The standardized effects of the independent variables and their interactions were tested by the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with 95% confidence limits (α= 0.05) and Pareto chart. The use of the optimal values of these parameters has been proved useful in maximizing the extraction efficiency and minimizing the emulsion breakage. TOPO concentration of 0.1498 M, Span 80 concentration of 3.007 v%, Internal phase concentration of 0.183 M, Feed/emulsion volume ratio of 1.407, agitation time of 30 minutes, and feed pH of 5 are determined as the optimum parameters.

scholarly journals Study on Mg2+ removal from ammonium dihydrogen phosphate solution by an emulsion liquid membrane

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
JianHong Luo ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Bao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Extraction Efficiency ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Phosphate Solution ◽  
Ammonium Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Initial Ph

Mg2+is extracted from ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH4H2PO4) solution by an emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) using mono-(2-ethylhexyl) 2-ethylhexyl phosphonate (HEHPEHE)as a carrier, sulfonated liquid polybutadiene (LYF) as a surfactant and kerosene as a solvent. To study the extraction efficiency and advantages of the ELM process in the separation of Mg2+,the effects of various operating conditions on the extraction -HEHPEHE volume fraction, reaction temperature, treat ratio (emulsion phase / external phase), phase ratio (membrane phase / internal phase), agitation speed, extraction time, internal phase concentration, surfactant LYF concentration and initial pH of NH4H2PO4 solution are experimentally investigated and discussed. The results show that Mg2+ in NH4H2PO4 solution can be effectively removed by the ELM process. An extraction efficiency of more than 83.1% is attained at the optimized parameters and superior-grade NH4H2PO4can be obtained by two levels of extraction.

Carrier Assisted Emulsion Liquid Membrane Process for Recovery of Basic Dye from Wastewater using Continuous Extractor

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norasikin Othman ◽  
Ooi Zing-Yi ◽  
Norlisa Harruddin ◽  
Raja Norimie ◽  
Norela Jusoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Sorbitan Monooleate ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Span 80 ◽  
Dye Extraction

Nowadays, water pollution has become major issue especially dye contaminated wastewaters from the textile industry. Dye causes serious environmental pollution and health problems. The removal of color from dye-contaminated wastewaters in the related industries becomes a major concern all over the world. In this research, several parameters of dye extraction and recovery in the continuous emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) process were investigated. This process consisted of three phases which are external (feed) phase, membrane phase and internal phase. The membrane phase was prepared by dissolving extractant bis(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and hydrophobic surfactant sorbitan monooleate (Span 80) in kerosene as diluents. The internal phase consisted of an aqueous solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). The important parameters governing the extraction process of dye such as stirring speed, initial dye concentration, Span 80 concentration and treat ratio (volume ratio of emulsion to external phase) were studied. The results showed that the optimum condition for 25ppm initial concentration of dye extraction are 250 rpm stirring speed, 5% (w/v) Span 80 and treat ratio 1:5. At this condition, the percentage of dye extraction, stripping and recovery were 98%, 82% and 81% respectively. Hence, continuous ELM technique is proven to be a very promising technique in industrial wastewater treatment and recovery of dye.

scholarly journals Emulsion Liquid Membrane Design in Vitro for Removal of Lead from Aqueous Solution

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 2747-2754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoud Nasiri Zarandi ◽  
Amirhossein Soltani
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Lead Extraction ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Phase Contact Time ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
External Phase

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extraction of lead by emulsion liquid membrane as an effective alternative to conventional lead extraction methods. The emulsion included D-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) as a carrier, paraffin and kerosene composition as an organic solvent, Span 80 as an emulsifier and sulfuric acid as an internal stripping phase. In this project, 7 effective factors in extraction of lead were chosen by emulsion liquid membrane, which included concentration of sulfuric acid in the internal phase, volume ratio of the emulsion to external phase (Rew), the ratio of organic phase to internal phase (Roi), initial pH of external phase, contact time of the emulsion and external phase, carrier concentration and concentration of surfactant in the membrane phase. After the initial experiments to make a stable emulsion, membrane phase mix (70% paraffin and 30% kerosene), homogenizer speed (12000 rpm) and mixer speed (309 rpm) were selected. The final experiments were designed by Taguchi statistical method. Optimization was done according to higher extraction rate and the effect of each of these factors and their optimal values as well as optimal conditions were determined. By verification test, it was shown that more than 92% of lead can be extracted from a solution with a concentration of 2000 ppm.

scholarly journals Emulsion Liquid Membrane for Cadmium Removal: Experimental Results and Model Prediction

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Ahmad ◽  
Adhi Kusumastuti ◽  
M. M. H. Shah Buddin ◽  
D. C. J. Derek ◽  
B. S. Ooi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Model Prediction ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Cadmium Removal ◽  
External Phase

A study on mass transfer model for cadmium extraction in emulsion liquid membrane system has been done. Mass transfer in the external phase and emulsion globule, stripping reaction, and diffusion of the complex were taken account into the model. Reaction and chemical equilibrium of the process were also considered. The partial differential equation was numerically solved using MATLAB software. Effect of some parameters such as acid concentration in the external phase, extraction speed, volume ratio of emulsion to feed phase, volume ratio of internal to membrane phase, and initial concentration to the extraction process were investigated and compared to the model. The model prediction can agree very well with the concentration profile of cadmium in each phase.

scholarly journals Removal of Ibuprofen at Low Concentration Using a Newly Formulated Emulsion Liquid Membrane

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 740
Author(s):  
Abdul Latif Ahmad ◽  
Mohd Hazarel Zairy Mohd Harun ◽  
Mohd Khairul Akmal Jasni ◽  
Nur Dina Zaulkiflee
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Pharmaceutical Product ◽  
Ionic Surfactant ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Sorbitan Monooleate ◽  
Low Concentration ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Stirring Time

Ibuprofen (IBP) is a pharmaceutical product that is widely prescribed as an over-the-counter painkiller. It has been classified as a contaminant of emerging concern (CEC) that has received global attention in the search for a better wastewater separation technology. The emulsion liquid membrane (ELM) is one of the potential solutions for IBP removal from wastewater owing to its advantages, such as the ability to remove a highly soluble solute, energy efficient and tuneable formulation. To develop this ELM, a series of parameters such as stirring speed, emulsification time, organic to internal phase volume ratio (O/I), internal phase concentration, carrier concentration and surfactant concentration were studied. The extraction was carried out for 15 min stirring time and the concentration of IBP in the feed phase was determined using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The optimum formulation for the ELM was found at 300 rpm stirring speed, 20 min emulsification time, 3:1 of O/I, 0.1 M ammonia, NH3 (stripping agent), 6 wt% trioctylamine, TOA (carrier) and 2 wt% sorbitan monooleate, Span 80 (non-ionic surfactant). IBP removal of 89% was achieved at the optimum parameters of ELM. The current research demonstrated that a newly formulated ELM has great potential in removing a low concentration IBP from wastewater.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF MATRICES ON PERCENT EXTRACTION OF SILVER (II) FROM BLACK/WHITE PRINTING PHOTOGRAPHIC WASTE USING EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE TECHNIQUE

2010 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-156
Author(s):  
Imam Santoso ◽  
Buchari Buchari
Keyword(s):  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Membrane Phase ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
External Phase ◽  
Percent Extraction

Extraction of silver (I) has been studied from black/white printing photographic waste by emulsion liquid membrane technique. Composition emulsion at the membrane phase was cerosene as solvent, sorbitan monooleat (span 80) as surfactant, dimethyldioctadesyl-ammonium bromide as carrier and as internal phase was HNO3. Optimum condition was obtained: ratio of internal phase volume and membrane phase volume was 1:1 : concentration of surfactant was 2% (v/v) : time of making emulsion was 20 second : rate of stiring emulsion was 1100 rpm : rest time emulsion was 3 second : rate of emulsion volume and external phase volume was 1:5 : emulsion contact rate 500 rpm : emulsion contact time was 40 second : concentration of silver thiosulfate as external phase was 100 ppm : pH of external phase was 3 and pH of internal phase was 1. Optimum condition was applied in silver(I) extraction from black/white printing photographic waste. It was obtained 77.33% average which 56.06% silver (I) average of internal phase and 22.66% in the external phase. Effect of matrices ion decreased silver(I) percent extraction from 96,37% average to 77.33% average. Keyword: photographics waste, silver extraction

scholarly journals SEPARATION OF PENICILLIN G FROM FERMENTATION BROTH BY EMULSION LIQUID MEMBRANE TECHNIQUE

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-50
Author(s):  
Imam Santoso ◽  
Bachri Amran ◽  
Apriliana Laily Fitri
Keyword(s):  
Phenylacetic Acid ◽  
Liquid Membrane ◽  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Phase Volume ◽  
Emulsion Liquid Membrane ◽  
Internal Phase ◽  
Membrane Technique ◽  
External Phase

The separation of penicillin G from fermentation broth can be done by emulsion liquid membrane technique. The aim of this research is to establish the optimal conditions for the extraction and separation of penicillin G using emulsion liquid membrane technique. The optimal conditions were found to be at ratio of internal phase volume to membrane phase volume of 1:1 ; time of making emulsion, 1 min ; emulsion contact rate, 300 rpm; rate of stirring of emulsion, 2000 rpm ; rest time of emulsion, 13 min; concentration of  penicillin G as external phase, 375 ppm; and concentration of surfactant, 5% (v/v). pH of internal phase is 8; pH of external phase 5; ratio of emulsion phase volume to external phase volume, 1:2 and concentration of carrier 2 mM. The concentration of penicillin G and phenylacetic acid from fermentation results were 24771 mg/L and 32675 mg/L. Extraction by emulsion liquid membrane technique gave the percentage of penicillin G 53.38% and phenylacetic acid 60.41%. The percentage phenylacetic acid which is still higher (60.41%) indicated that the penicillin G could not completely be separated from phenylacetic acid by emulsion liquid membrane technique.   Keywords: penicillin G, fermentation, emulsion liquid membrane technique

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