Empirical Studies on Demand Pull in Photovoltaic Sector of Twenty Countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 451-456
Author(s):  
Mo Lin Huo ◽  
Bao Guo Shan
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Technical Innovation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Market Growth ◽  
Demand Pull ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Acceleration Period ◽  
Diffusion Rates

High cost impedes large-scale deployment of photovoltaics (PV), and the technical innovation is one of most important factors of cost reduction, so how to accelerate the market pull for innovation has practical significance and theoretical value. This paper aims to analyze PV demand pull mechanism based on empirical evidence. According to the features of PV industry and technical innovation theories, make hypotheses of PV market pull and the relationship between diffusion rates and the market pull. Then propose testing method of the market pull and the coefficients assessing diffusion rates, and use historical data of twenty countries to conduct empirical studies. The testing results show that 70% of PV market in the twenty countries pulled technical innovation; at the initial stage of PV diffusion, the market pull was insignificant when the market kept at small scale and the diffusion rate can be indicated by the innovation coefficient; in the acceleration period, the market pull was insignificant when the market grew steeply and the rate can be indicated by the imitating coefficient. So in order to encourage demand pull, policy making is suggested to lead the market growth stable and sustained.

scholarly journals Supply chain resilience in a developing country context: a case study on the interconnectedness of threats, strategies and outcomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 486-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Tukamuhabwa ◽  
Mark Stevenson ◽  
Jerry Busby
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Supply Network ◽  
Catastrophic Events ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience

Purpose In few prior empirical studies on supply chain resilience (SCRES), the focus has been on the developed world. Yet, organisations in developing countries constitute a significant part of global supply chains and have also experienced the disastrous effects of supply chain failures. The purpose of this paper is therefore to empirically investigate SCRES in a developing country context and to show that this also provides theoretical insights into the nature of what is meant by resilience. Design/methodology/approach Using a case study approach, a supply network of 20 manufacturing firms in Uganda is analysed based on a total of 45 interviews. Findings The perceived threats to SCRES in this context are mainly small-scale, chronic disruptive events rather than discrete, large-scale catastrophic events typically emphasised in the literature. The data reveal how threats of disruption, resilience strategies and outcomes are inter-related in complex, coupled and non-linear ways. These interrelationships are explained by the political, cultural and territorial embeddedness of the supply network in a developing country. Further, this embeddedness contributes to the phenomenon of supply chain risk migration, whereby an attempt to mitigate one threat produces another threat and/or shifts the threat to another point in the supply network. Practical implications Managers should be aware, for example, of potential risk migration from one threat to another when crafting strategies to build SCRES. Equally, the potential for risk migration across the supply network means managers should look at the supply chain holistically because actors along the chain are so interconnected. Originality/value The paper goes beyond the extant literature by highlighting how SCRES is not only about responding to specific, isolated threats but about the continuous management of risk migration. It demonstrates that resilience requires both an understanding of the interconnectedness of threats, strategies and outcomes and an understanding of the embeddedness of the supply network. Finally, this study’s focus on the context of a developing country reveals that resilience should be equally concerned both with smaller in scale, chronic disruptions and with occasional, large-scale catastrophic events.

Spatial Perspectives on Coworking Spaces and Related Practices in Beijing

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
He Huang ◽  
Yangfanqi Liu ◽  
Yuebing Liang ◽  
David Vargas ◽  
Lu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Driving Forces ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Knowledge Economies ◽  
Coworking Spaces ◽  
The City

Coworking space is a recent manifestation of the emerging sharing economy. This is largely due to two core driving forces: a new working style in the creative and knowledge economies, and the sharing economy, which promotes resource usage efficiency. This paper develops an analytical framework for the spatial perspectives on coworking spaces according to the core driving forces at both the urban and architectural levels, followed by empirical studies on practices related to coworking space in Beijing. The results indicate that at the city scale, coworking spaces tend to aggregate in clusters of large-scale creative and knowledge enterprises in mixed-use and high-density areas, and underutilized spaces become the key pillar. In the architectural dimension, coworking spaces tend to coexist with conventional office spaces or coliving apartments. Empirical studies in Beijing also show that coworking spaces have promoted the sustainable development of the city by renewing existing low-profit urban spaces and utilizing architectural spaces more efficiently. However, the unstable lease market of small-scale businesses, as well as marginal financial models, which pro fit from rental differences, challenge the survival of coworking spaces. In pursuit of capital, coworking spaces have tended to overexpand.

The effects of salinity, turbidity and flow on fish biomass estimated acoustically in two tidal rivers

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 267 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. F. Matveev ◽  
A. D. L. Steven
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
River System ◽  
Fish Abundance ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fish Biomass ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Commercial Catch ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Annual Means

Establishing drivers of fish abundance in estuaries is an important task of both theoretical and practical significance. Commercial catch data help explain large-scale variation in fish productivity; however, there is insufficient understanding of small-scale changes. We analysed correlations between acoustically estimated fish biomass (FB) and environmental variables, which included indices of primary productivity and physio-chemistry in a coastal river system during four seasons. Spatial series of FB were obtained for the Logan River (main estuary) and the Albert River (tributary) located in South East Queensland, Australia. Most of the year, FB was significantly higher in the Albert River. Annual means for discharge, salinity and pH were significantly lower, whereas phosphorus concentrations were higher in the Albert River. Out of 15 hydrological variables tested, FB was strongly correlated only with salinity, conductivity and turbidity. In the Albert River, where fish were larger, as indicated by greater target strengths, FB was positively correlated with river discharge. Our results suggest that salinity and turbidity can be important seasonal drivers of fish abundance in communities dominated by Mugil spp. and Nematalosa erebi and that the flow-biomass relationship may appear independent of the effects of primary production.

Seismic approaches for structural studies of the Sudbury basin

Geophysics ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 49 (10) ◽  
pp. 1675-1689 ◽  
Author(s):  
Derbew Messfin ◽  
Wooil Moon
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Granite Gneiss ◽  
High Amplitude ◽  
Ore Deposits ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Mining District ◽  
Seismic Velocities ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Scale Models

This study investigates the feasibility of applying seismic techniques in the search for ore deposits, with particular emphasis given to locating orebodies at great depths. The basic procedure followed was essentially an understanding of the forward problem, whereby the effects of the subsurface structure in a typical mining district were thoroughly studied. The initial stage of the study was devoted to determining the elastic parameters by laboratory measurement of seismic velocities and densities of core samples obtained from the Sudbury basin, Canada. By virtue of its ability to handle lateral as well as vertical inhomogeneities, fast computing time and flexibility, the asymptotic ray theory was judged to be more suitable for studying the effect of geologic structures typically found in the Sudbury basin. Both large‐scale and small‐scale models, representing actual geologic conditions in Sudbury, were constructed. The computed seismic response of the large‐scale models shows that the micropegmatite/oxide‐rich quartz gabbro and the mafic norite/granite gneiss contacts are characterized by substantially strong reflections, indicating that these two interfaces can serve as marker horizons in future seismic surveys. In the small‐scale models of mineralized structures, the sulfide body was outlined by a distinctly high amplitude of reflection. Both the traveltime and the dynamic characteristics of these models have features that are indicative of the presence of mineralized structures.

scholarly journals Drivers of the accuracy of developers’ early stage cost estimates in residential construction

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brendon Lim ◽  
Madhav P. Nepal ◽  
Martin Skitmore ◽  
Bo Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Residential Construction ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Cost Estimates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cost Drivers

Purpose – Preliminary cost estimates for construction projects are often the basis of financial feasibility and budgeting decisions in the early stages of planning and for effective project control, monitoring and execution. The purpose of this paper is to identify and better understand the cost drivers and factors that contribute to the accuracy of estimates in residential construction projects from the developers’ perspective. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses a literature review to determine the drivers that affect the accuracy of developers’ early stage cost estimates and the factors influencing the construction costs of residential construction projects. It used cost variance data and other supporting documentation collected from two case study projects in South East Queensland, Australia, along with semi-structured interviews conducted with the practitioners involved. Findings – It is found that many cost drivers or factors of cost uncertainty identified in the literature for large-scale projects are not as apparent and relevant for developers’ small-scale residential construction projects. Specifically, the certainty and completeness of project-specific information, suitability of historical cost data, contingency allowances, methods of estimating and the estimator’s level of experience significantly affect the accuracy of cost estimates. Developers of small-scale residential projects use pre-established and suitably priced bills of quantities as the prime estimating method, which is considered to be the most efficient and accurate method for standard house designs. However, this method needs to be backed with the expertise and experience of the estimator. Originality/value – There is a lack of research on the accuracy of developers’ early stage cost estimates and the relevance and applicability of cost drivers and factors in the residential construction projects. This research has practical significance for improving the accuracy of such preliminary cost estimates.

scholarly journals A Fast Multiscale Clustering Approach Based on DBSCAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Runzi Chen ◽  
Shuliang Zhao ◽  
Meishe Liang
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Computational Cost ◽  
Scaling Up ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Traditional Algorithm ◽  
Multiscale Clustering ◽  
Clustering Approach ◽  
Scale Data

Multiscale brings great benefits for people to observe objects or problems from different perspectives. It has practical significance for clustering on multiscale data. At present, there is a lack of research on the clustering of large-scale data under the premise that clustering results of small-scale datasets have been obtained. If one does cluster on large-scale datasets by using traditional methods, two disadvantages are as follows: (1) Clustering results of small-scale datasets are not utilized. (2) Traditional method will cause more running overhead. Aims at these shortcomings, this paper proposes a multiscale clustering framework based on DBSCAN. This framework uses DBSCAN for clustering small-scale datasets, then introduces algorithm Scaling-Up Cluster Centers (SUCC) generating cluster centers of large-scale datasets by merging clustering results of small-scale datasets, not mining raw large-scale datasets. We show experimentally that, compared to traditional algorithm DBACAN and leading algorithms DBSCAN++ and HDBSCAN, SUCC can provide not only competitive performance but reduce computational cost. In addition, under the guidance of experts, the performance of SUCC is more competitive in accuracy.

Small-Scale Science to Large-Scale Profession

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-398
Author(s):  
Roger Smith
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Small Scale

Development of Physics Learning Module Based on Guided Inquiry with Light Wave Material in Class XI of Senior High School

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Evi Rahmawati ◽  
Irnin Agustina Dwi Astuti ◽  
N Nurhayati
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Student Response ◽  
Average Score ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Teacher Response ◽  
Student Responses ◽  
Analysis Design ◽  
Scientific Skills

IPA Integrated is a place for students to study themselves and the surrounding environment applied in daily life. Integrated IPA Learning provides a direct experience to students through the use and development of scientific skills and attitudes. The importance of integrated IPA requires to pack learning well, integrated IPA integration with the preparation of modules combined with learning strategy can maximize the learning process in school. In SMP 209 Jakarta, the value of the integrated IPA is obtained from 34 students there are 10 students completed and 24 students are not complete because they get the value below the KKM of 68. This research is a development study with the development model of ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation). The use of KPS-based integrated IPA modules (Science Process sSkills) on the theme of rainbow phenomenon obtained by media expert validation results with an average score of 84.38%, average material expert 82.18%, average linguist 75.37%. So the average of all aspects obtained by 80.55% is worth using and tested to students. The results of the teacher response obtained 88.69% value with excellent criteria. Student responses on a small scale acquired an average score of 85.19% with highly agreed criteria and on the large-scale student response gained a yield of 86.44% with very agreed criteria. So the module can be concluded receiving a good response by the teacher and students.

Intelligent Lighting Control System in Large-Scale Sports Competition Venues

2018 ◽  
pp. 172-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengmin CAO
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Lighting Control ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Planning And Design ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation Model

This paper mainly studies the application of intelligent lighting control system in different sports events in large sports competition venues. We take the Xiantao Stadium, a large­scale sports competition venue in Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province as an example, to study its intelligent lighting control system. In this paper, the PID (proportion – integral – derivative) incremental control model and the Karatsuba multiplication model are used, and the intelligent lighting control system is designed and implemented by multi­level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model. Finally, the paper evaluates the actual effect of the intelligent lighting control system. The research shows that the intelligent lighting control system designed in this paper can accurately control the lighting of different sports in large stadiums. The research in this paper has important practical significance for the planning and design of large­scale sports competition venues.

Planetary gentrification and urban (re)development

2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Loretta Lees
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Redevelopment ◽  
Urban Transformation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
Low Income Groups

Abstract Gentrification is no-longer, if it ever was, a small scale process of urban transformation. Gentrification globally is more often practised as large scale urban redevelopment. It is state-led or state-induced. The results are clear – the displacement and disenfranchisement of low income groups in favour of wealthier in-movers. So, why has gentrification come to dominate policy making worldwide and what can be done about it?

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document