Hydrological and Sediment Characteristics of Sand Ridge Field in Jiangsu Coastal Area of China

2013 ◽  
Vol 850-851 ◽  
pp. 1347-1350
Author(s):  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Yi Gang Wang ◽  
Hui Ming Huang ◽  
Da Ke Chen ◽  
Chun Guang Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Sand Ridge ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Sand Ridges ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Sediment Data ◽  
Port Construction

The sand ridges field in Jiangsu coastal area has been the key region of tidal flat reclamation, waterway regulation and port construction. Adopting the hydrological and sediment data in winter, the tidal patterns were revealed. In addition, the depth-averaged velocity, sediment grain size and sediment concentration in each station were analyzed and compared in detail. The result shows that the tidal in study area is regular semidiurnal and diurnal inequality. The velocity has a decreasing tendency with the Tiaozini water area being centered towards the surrounding areas. The grain size gradually decreases and then increases from north to south, while the sediment concentration gradually increases and then decreases from north to south.

scholarly journals Fluvial morphology and sediment transport of the Malekhu Khola, Central Nepal Lesser Himalaya

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 35-48
Author(s):  
Niraj Bal Tamang ◽  
Naresh Kazi Tamrakar ◽  
Milan Magar ◽  
Mahesh Raut
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
Order Stream ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Fluvial Morphology ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentrations

Areas near the rivers and streams have been widely used for settlement, development works and agriculture due to availability of the resources such as water, aggregates and comparatively easier terrain. It is very important to understand prevailing fluvial conditions for sustainable output. The fluvial conditions of the Malekhu Watershed including the river characteristics, sediment transport and sediment dynamics were studied. Ten river transects and the corresponding segments of the Malekhu Khola were surveyed for cross-sections and longitudinal profiles. Samples were collected in each of the transects and were analysed for suspended sediment concentration. The riverbed sampling was made using Wolman’s pebble count for establishing grain size distribution. Manning’s roughness coefficients were determined to estimate discharge. The study shows that the Malekhu Khola is a sixth order stream. It has been classified into A4-, B4- and C4-type streams. The hypsometric analysis of the Malekhu Watershed shows that it is in mature stage of erosion. Sediment grain size slightly increases downstream but sorting remains extremely poor to moderately poor. The Malekhu Khola shows eroding tendency at 1.2 km, 16.6 km and 20 km from the origin and brings larger particles only during high flow period at the remaining transects. Mean Suspended Sediment Concentrations (SSC) for the Malekhu Khola was 72.14 mg/L, and it increases with increasing discharge and increasing watershed area and is related to velocity of the river, mining activities and local tributaries.Bulletin of the Department of Geology, Vol. 18, 2015, pp. 35-48

scholarly journals Sediment transport modelling in riverine environments: on the importance of grain-size distribution, sediment density and boundary conditions

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérémy Lepesqueur ◽  
Renaud Hostache ◽  
Núria Martínez-Carreras ◽  
Emmanuelle Montargès-Pelletier ◽  
Christophe Hissler
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentration ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Model Based

Abstract. Hydromorphodynamic models are powerful tools to predict the potential mobilization and transport of sediment in river ecosystems. Recent studies even showed that they are able to satisfyingly predict suspended sediment matter concentration in small river systems. However, modelling exercises often neglect suspended sediment properties (e.g. particle site distribution and density), even though such properties are known to directly control the sediment particle dynamics in the water column during rising and flood events. This study has two objectives. On the one hand, it aims at further developing an existing hydromorphodynamic model based on the dynamic coupling of TELEMAC-3D (v7p1) and SISYPHE (v7p1) in order to enable an enhanced parameterisation of the sediment grain size distribution with distributed sediment density. On the other hand, it aims at evaluating and discussing the added-value of the new development for improving sediment transport and riverbed evolution predictions. To this end, we evaluate the sensitivity of the model to sediment grain size distribution, sediment density and suspended sediment concentration at the upstream boundary condition. As a test case, the model is used to simulate a flood event in a small scale river, the Orne River in North-eastern France. The results show substantial discrepancies in bathymetry evolution depending on the model setup. Moreover, the sediment model based on an enhanced sediment grain size distribution (10 classes) and with distributed sediment density outperforms the model with only two sediment grain size classes in terms of simulated suspended sediment concentration.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Boleng Strait Sediments, East Nusa Tenggara, and its Relationship with Current Velocity

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hananto Kurnio ◽  
Ai Yuningsih ◽  
Rina Zuraida
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Current Velocity ◽  
Coastal Area ◽  
Coastal Sediments ◽  
Medium Sand ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Mean Grain Size ◽  
Seafloor Sediments ◽  
Seafloor Sediment

Islands of Nusa Tenggara are separated by narrow and deep straits resulted from complex tectonic activties. One of the strait is Boleng Strait where tidal current as high as 310 cm/s occurred which might be suitable for an ocean current power plant. Utilization of such resources would need various information of the area, one of them is sediment textures that characterized the seafloor and coastal area and their relationship to current velocity. Grain size analyses were conducted on 12 seafloor sediment samples and 26 coastal sediment samples to identify sediment texture. An additonal 14 seafloor sediment samples with limited volume were observed to determine their sediment types. The result of analysis yielded six types of seafloor sediments: Sand, Gravelly Sand, Sandy Gravel, Silty Sand and Sandy Silt. The sediment grain size is equally influenced by current velocity (r = 0.57) and water depth (r = 0.52) which is reflected by sediment distribution: coarse–grain sediments cover the area near Boleng Strait which has stronger current and fine–grain sediments cover the inner part of the Lewoleba Bay. Plot of six sets of mean grain size and current velocity on Hjulström diagram shows that most of seafloor sediments are on the move and one (SBL. 14) is being eroded. This condition might affect the turbine and thus needs to be taken into consideration when designing the turbine. Grain size analyses on coastal sediment samples show that the mean grain size of coastal sediments ranges between 0.19 mm and 0.62 mm with average value of 0.33 mm that is classified as medium sand. Sand fraction in coastal sediments composes 57% to 100% of the sediments. Observation on mineralogy of the sediments shows abundance of magnetite that concentrates in the fine and medium sand fractions. The presence of magnetite indicate that current–related selective entrainment occurs in the study area. This condition suggests that the coastal area is also strongly affected by ocean current.Key words: current velocity, sediment grain size, Boleng Strait.Aktivitas tektonik di Nusa Tenggara Timur menyebabkan terbentuknya batimetri yang kompleks di sekitar kepulauan tersebut yang dicirikan oleh adanya selat sempit dan dalam yang memisahkan pulau–pulau. Salah satu selat tersebut adalah Selat Boleng yang memiliki kecepatan arus terukur maksimum sebesar 310 cm/s yang dapat digunakan sebagai pembangkit energi listrik. Desain turbin arus akan membutuhkan banyak informasi, salah satunya adalah sedimen dasar laut dan pantai serta hubungannya dengan kecepatan arus. Analisis besar butir dilakukan pada 12 sampel sedimen dasar laut dan 26 sampel sedime pantai untuk menentukan jenis sediment. Sebanyak 14 sampel sedimen dasar laut dengan volume terbatas diamati untuk mengetahui jenis sedimen. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sedimen dasar laut terdiri atas enam jenis: Pasir, Pasir Kerikilan, Kerikil pasiran, Pasir Lanauan dan Lanau Pasiran. Ukuran butir sedimen dipengaruhi oleh kecepatan arus (r = 0.57) dan kedalaman laut (r = 0.52) yang tercermin pada distribusi sedimen: sedimen berukuran kasar menutupi dasar laut di dekat Selat Boleng yang berarus lebih kuat, dan sedimen berukuran halus menutupi dasar laut di bagian dalam Teluk Lewoleba. Plot enam set ukuran butir rata–rata dan kecepatan arus pada diagram Hjulström menunjukkan bahwa hampir seluruh sampel berada dalam kondisi bergerak dan bahkan satu (SBL. 14) sedang mengalami erosi. Kondisi ini akan mempengaruhi turbin sehingga perlu dijadikan pertimbangan saat mendesain turbin. Hasil analisis besar butir pada sedimen pantai menunjukkan bahwa ukuran butir rata–rata sedimen pantau berkisar 0.19 mm dan 0.62 mm dengan nilai rata–rata 0.33 mm yang termasuk dalam fraksi pasir sedang. Fraksi pasir dalam sedimen pantai menyusun 57%–100% sedimen. Pengamatan mineralogi menunjukkan melimpahnya magnetit yang terkonsentrasi pada fraksi pasir halus–sedang. Keberadaan magnetit menunjukkan adanya proses pemisahan yang berkaitan dengan arus laut. Kondisi ini menunjukkan bahwa daerah pantai Selat Boleng juga dipengaruhi oleh arus laut. Kata Kunci: kecepatan arus, ukuran butir sedimen, Selat Boleng.

scholarly journals Geology datasets in North America, Greenland and surrounding areas for use with ice sheet models

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 375-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evan J. Gowan ◽  
Lu Niu ◽  
Gregor Knorr ◽  
Gerrit Lohmann
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
North America ◽  
Fine Fraction ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Friction Angle ◽  
Glacial Cycle ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Glacial Sediments ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
Ice Sheet Modelling

Abstract. The ice–substrate interface is an important boundary condition for ice sheet modelling. The substrate affects the ice sheet by allowing sliding through sediment deformation and accommodating the storage and drainage of subglacial water. We present three datasets on a 1 : 5 000 000 scale with different geological parameters for the region that was covered by the ice sheets in North America, including Greenland and Iceland. The first dataset includes the distribution of surficial sediments, which is separated into continuous, discontinuous and predominantly rock categories. The second dataset includes sediment grain size properties, which is divided into three classes: clay, silt and sand, based on the dominant grain size of the fine fraction of the glacial sediments. The third dataset is the generalized bedrock geology. We demonstrate the utility of these datasets for governing ice sheet dynamics by using an ice sheet model with a simulation that extends through the last glacial cycle. In order to demonstrate the importance of the basal boundary conditions for ice sheet modelling, we changed the shear friction angle to account for a weaker substrate and found changes up to 40 % in ice thickness compared to a reference run. Although incorporation of the ice–bed boundary remains model dependent, our dataset provides an observational baseline for improving a critical weakness in current ice sheet modelling (https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.895889, Gowan et al., 2018b).

Distribution Patterns of Suspended Sediment in Radial Sand Ridges Area, South Yellow Sea, China

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 1640-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Ming Huang ◽  
Yi Gang Wang ◽  
Cheng Chen ◽  
Ji Bin Sun ◽  
Chun Guang Yuan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Yellow Sea ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
South Yellow Sea ◽  
Sand Ridges ◽  
Tidal Current Velocity ◽  
Radial Sand Ridges ◽  
Near Shore

Radial sand ridges area is located in south Yellow Sea, China, which is a valuable area for tidal flat reclamation and port construction. To rationally develop and protect this resource, the spatial distribution of tidal current velocity, grain size and suspended sediment concentration was studied based on measured data in August 2006. Result shows that the velocity in study area has a decreasing tendency with the Tiaozini water area being centered towards surrounding areas. The grain sizes near shore are smaller than ones offshore. At the same time ,the spatial distribution of grain size appears Λ pattern from north to south. The high value of mean sediment concentration appears in near shore area as well as the center of radial sand ridges.

scholarly journals JENIS DAN SEBARAN SEDIMEN DI PERAIRAN PAPELA DAN SEKITARNYA, ROTE-NDAO, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 153
Author(s):  
Deny Setiady ◽  
Udaya Kamiludin ◽  
Nienu Yayu Gerhaneu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Silty Sand ◽  
Grain Size Analysis ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
The North ◽  
Sandy Silt ◽  
Seafloor Sediments

Daerah Penelitian terletak di perairan Papela dan sekitarnya yang merupakan bagian dari Selat Rote yang secara administratif merupakan wilayah dari Kabupaten Rote-Ndao, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Di daerah penelitian pada 40 lokasi telah dilakukan pengambilan sedimen dasar laut dengan pemercontoh comot, deskripsi megaskopis dan analisis besar butir. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis sedimen, sebaran sedimen dan lingkungan pengendapannya. Berdasarkan hasil analisis besar butir nomenklatur sedimen di daerah penelitian dijumpai 4 jenis sedimen yaitu: kerikil, pasir, pasir lanauan, lanau pasiran dan lanau. Sebaran kerikil terdapat di dua tempat, yaitu di utara dan selatan tepian daerah penelitian.Sebaran pasir mencapai kurang lebih 30 % dari luas perairan penelitian, pasir lanauan menutupi kurang 5 % dari luas perairan penelitian, lanau pasiran mempunyai sebaran kurang lebih 30 % dari luas perairan daerah penelitian dan sebaran lanau terdapat di muka muara sungai bagian dalam Teluk Papela dengan tutupan kurang lebih 5 % dari luas perairan penelitian.Kata kunci Sedimen permukaan dasar laut, analisis besar butir, sebaran sedimen, perairan Papela The study area is located in Papela waters area and that is part of the Rote Strait, administratively is a region of Rote-Ndao regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The method of research conducted is sampling seafloor sediments, megaskopis description and analysis of the grain size. The study area is located in Papela waters area and that is part of the Rote Strait, administratively is a region of Rote-Ndao regency, East Nusa Tenggara Province. The method of research conducted is sampling seafloor sediments, megaskopis description and analysis of the grain size. The purpose of research is the grain size analysis of seabed surface sediment to determine the type of sediment, sediment distribution and depositional environment. Based on nomenklature sediment grain size analysis result in the study area was found four types of sediments , there are: gravelly, sand, silty sand, sandy silt and silt Distribution of gravel found in two places, namely on the north and south banks of the study area. Distribution of sand reaches approximately 30% of the water area of research, silty sand covering approximately 5% of the water area of research, sandy silt has spread approximately 30% of the total water area of research and distribution of silt contained in the inner face of the Gulf estuaries Papela with cover approximately 5% of the water area of research. Keywords: Surficial sediment, grain size analysis, sediment distribution, Papela Waters

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Flow Turbulence on the Adsorption of Phosphorus onto Sediment Particles

2012 ◽  
Vol 212-213 ◽  
pp. 299-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xia ◽  
Qing He Zhang ◽  
Jing Si Yang ◽  
Chang Bo Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Sorption Kinetics ◽  
Grid Turbulence ◽  
Phosphorus Sorption ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Turbulence Simulation ◽  
Flow Turbulence ◽  
Sediment Particles ◽  
Oscillating Grid

The mechanism of flow turbulence, sediment concentration and sediment grain size that effect the adsorption of phosphorus (P) onto sediment particles in natural waters are experimentally studied both in batch reactors and in an oscillating grid turbulence simulation device. In batch reactor experiments, both of phosphorus sorption isotherms and phosphorus sorption kinetics were studied, and the experimental data was fitted by Langmuir sorption model. The results indicated that both of the phosphorus sorption capacity and phosphorus sorption efficiency are closely related to sediment concentration and sediment grain size. In the oscillating grid turbulence simulation device, it is possible to control the turbulence intensity in two ways, by changing the frequency of the grid and controlling the oscillating stroke. According to this characteristic, the effect of flow turbulence on the adsorption of phosphorus onto sediment particles was experimentally simulated. Then a 1DV model is introduced in this paper to simulate sediment transport and phosphate sorption kinetics process.

scholarly journals Sediment transport modelling in riverine environments: on the importance of grain-size distribution, sediment density, and suspended sediment concentrations at the upstream boundary

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 3901-3915 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jérémy Lepesqueur ◽  
Renaud Hostache ◽  
Núria Martínez-Carreras ◽  
Emmanuelle Montargès-Pelletier ◽  
Christophe Hissler
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Sediment Transport ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment ◽  
Grain Size Distribution ◽  
Suspended Sediment Concentration ◽  
Sediment Concentration ◽  
Sediment Grain Size ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Model Set

Abstract. Hydromorphodynamic models are powerful tools for predicting the potential mobilization and transport of sediment in river ecosystems. Recent studies have shown that they are able to predict suspended sediment matter concentration in small river systems satisfactorily. However, hydro-sedimentary modelling exercises often neglect suspended sediment properties (e.g. sediment densities and grain-size distribution), which are known to directly control sediment dynamics in the water column during flood events. The main objective of this study is to assess whether a better representation of such properties leads to an improved performance in the model. The modelling approach utilizes a fully coupled hydromorphodynamic model based on TELEMAC-3D (v7p1) and an enhanced version of the sediment transport module SISYPHE (based on v7p1), which allows for a refined sediment representation (i.e. 10-class sediment mixtures instead of 2-class mixtures and distributed sediment density instead of uniform). The proposed developments of the SISYPHE model enable us to evaluate and discuss the added value of sediment representation refinement for improving sediment transport and riverbed evolution predictions. To this end, we used several model set-ups to evaluate the influence of sediment grain-size distribution, sediment density, and suspended sediment concentration at the upstream boundary on model predictions. As a test case, we simulated a flood event in a small-scale river, the Orne river in north-eastern France. Depending on the model set-up, the results show substantial discrepancies in terms of simulated bathymetry evolutions. Moreover, the model based on an enhanced configuration of the sediment grain-size distribution (10 classes of particle sizes) and with distinct densities per class outperforms the standard SISYPHE configuration, with only two sediment grain-size classes, in terms of simulated suspended sediment concentration.

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