Study of Synergistic Effects of Cerium Oxide on Intumescent Flame Retardant Polypropylene System

2014 ◽  
Vol 887-888 ◽  
pp. 90-93
Author(s):  
Ya Li Wang ◽  
Xiao Ping Tang ◽  
Xu Dong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cerium Oxide ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Reasonable Amount ◽  
Melamine Salt ◽  
Impact Tester ◽  
Synergistic Agent ◽  
Pendulum Impact

Melamine salt of pentaerythritol phosphate (PPM) was synthesized with phosphoric acid, pentaerythritol and melamine. This flame retardant polypropylene containing cerium oxide (CeO2) can be used as a synergistic agent for the flame retardancy of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system. The pendulum impact tester and universal material machine were used to evaluate the mechanical properties of intmescent flame retardant system, the limiting oxygen index (LOI), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to evaluate the synergistic effects of CeO2. The LOI value of the system increased when reasonable amount of CeO2 was added, and it reached maximum (30%) when the mass fraction of PPM was 20% and CeO2 added was 1% of the PPM/PP system. The TGA data shows that CeO2 can enhance the thermal stability of the intumescent flame retardant polypropylene system at high temperature and effectively increase the char residue formation. The morphological structures observed with SEM demonstrate that reasonable amount of CeO2 can improve the morphologies of intumescent char layer and the properties of heat insulation and barrier material. The reasonable amount of CeO2 in the system can increase its impact strength and decrease its tensile properties.

scholarly journals Synergistic Effects of Black Phosphorus/Boron Nitride Nanosheets on Enhancing the Flame-Retardant Properties of Waterborne Polyurethane and Its Flame-Retardant Mechanism

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sihao Yin ◽  
Xinlin Ren ◽  
Peichao Lian ◽  
Yuanzhi Zhu ◽  
Yi Mei
Keyword(s):  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Hexagonal Boron Nitride ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Waterborne Polyurethane ◽  
Black Phosphorus ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Polyurethane Composite ◽  
Black Phosphorene

We applied black phosphorene (BP) and hexagonal boron nitride (BN) nanosheets as flame retardants to waterborne polyurethane to fabricate a novel black phosphorus/boron nitride/waterborne polyurethane composite material. The results demonstrated that the limiting oxygen index of the flame-retarded waterborne polyurethane composite increased from 21.7% for pure waterborne polyurethane to 33.8%. The peak heat release rate and total heat release of the waterborne polyurethane composite were significantly reduced by 50.94% and 23.92%, respectively, at a flame-retardant content of only 0.4 wt%. The superior refractory performances of waterborne polyurethane composite are attributed to the synergistic effect of BP and BN in the gas phase and condensed phase. This study shows that black phosphorus-based nanocomposites have great potential to improve the fire resistance of polymers.

Synthesis and Application of a Novel Intumescent Flame Retardant Containing Ferrocenyl

2014 ◽  
Vol 1033-1034 ◽  
pp. 931-936
Author(s):  
Cong Yan Chen ◽  
Rui Lan Fan ◽  
Guan Qun Yun
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Good Thermal Stability ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Thermal Stability Of ◽  
Phosphate Groups

A novel intumescent flame retardant (IFR) containing ferrocene and caged bicyclic phosphate groups, 1-oxo-4-[4'-(ferrocene carboxylic acid phenyl ester)] amide-2, 6, 7-trioxa-1-phosphabicyclo- [2.2.2] octane (PFAM), was successfully synthesized. The synthesized PFAM were added to flammable polyurethane (PU) as flame retardants and smoke suppressants. The structure of PFAM was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) and elemental analysis. Thermal stability of PFAM was tested by themogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results revealed that PFAM had good thermal stability and high char weight, the char weight up to 54% at 600 °C. Flammability properties of PU/PFAM composites were investigated by limiting oxygen index (LOI) test and UL-94 test, respectively. The results of LOI tests showed that the addition of PFAM enhanced flame retardancy of PU. When the content of PFAM reaches to 3%, the LOI value is 22.2. The morphologies of the char for PU and PU/3% PFAM composite can be obtained after LOI testing were examined by SEM. The results demonstrated that PFAM could promote to form the compact and dense intumescent char layer. Experiments showed that, the PFAM application of polyurethane showed positive effect.

Synergistic Effects of Nanoporous Nickel Phosphates VSB-1 on Intumescent Flame Retardant Polypropylene Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 863-866
Author(s):  
Chao Peng ◽  
Shi Bin Nie ◽  
Lei Liu ◽  
Qi Lin He ◽  
Yuan Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽  
Total Heat Release ◽  
Cone Calorimetry ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardants ◽  
Nickel Phosphates

Nanoporous nickel phosphates (VSB-1) was synthesized by hydrothermal method. Then VSB-1 was added to the ammonium polyphosphate and pentaerythritol system in polypropylene (PP) matrix.The synergistic effect of VSB-1 with intumescent flame retardants (IFR) was studied by cone calorimetry test. The results of cone calorimetry show that heat release rate peak (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) of intumescent flame retardant PP with 2wt% VSB-1 decrease remarkably compared with that of without VSB-1. The pHRR and THR decrease respectively from 1140 to 286.0 kW/m2, and from 96.0 to 63.2 MJ/m2.

Synergistic Effect between Montmorillonite Intercalated by Melamine and Intumescent Flame Retardant (IFR) on Polypropylene

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 315-318
Author(s):  
Hong Fang Zhu ◽  
Juan Li ◽  
Liang Xu ◽  
Kang Tao ◽  
Li Xin Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽  
Limited Oxygen Index ◽  
Cation Exchange Reaction ◽  
Melamine Salt ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Limited Oxygen

This Montmorillonite modified by melamine (MA-MMT) was prepared via cation exchange reaction by using melamine salt as intercalation reagent. MA-MMT and Na-MMT was combined with intumescent flame retardant (IFR) to be adopted into polypropylene (PP), respectively. The synergistic effect between MA-MMT and IFR and the influence of melamine in MMT layers on fire-resistant performance was evaluated. Results of limited oxygen index (LOI) tests and UL-94 tests indicate that melamine salts in MMT layers behaved better than Na-MMT in PP/IFR system. According to the results of cone calorimeter tests and scanning electron microscope (SEM), it concludes that melamine salts act as gas agent to provide migration impetus and expanded power, which caused a well-structured and strong char that had better ability to endure heat erosion. A good synergistic effect between MA-MMT and IFR is constructed.

Flame Retardant Effect of a Modified Intumescent Flame Retardant on a Rigid Polyurethane Foam

2017 ◽  
Vol 748 ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Pei Bang Dai ◽  
Lin Ying Yang ◽  
Ting Zheng ◽  
Chang Qin ◽  
Qi Chen Tang
Keyword(s):  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Composite Foam ◽  
Composite Foams ◽  
Suitable Amount ◽  
Ul 94 ◽  
Pu Foams

A rigid polyurethane (PU) flame retardant composite foam was prepared by the compounding of polyols and diisocyanates with a modified intumescent flame retardant (MIFR). The MIFR was based on the three components of intumescent flame retardant normally used and was modified in a surfactant TX-10 solution. The flame retardancy of the PU flame retardant composite foams were evaluated by using the limiting oxygen index (LOI), the UL-94 (vertical flame) test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). When MIFR was fixed at 20.0 wt% in PU/MIFR composite foams, the MIFR could enhance the flame retardancy and pass V-0 rating of UL-94 test. The microstructures observed by SEM demonstrate that a suitable amount of MIFR can promote formation of compact intumescent charred layers in PU foams.

Study on the Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Phosphorus-Nitrogen Containing Intumescent Flame Retardant

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 1376-1380
Author(s):  
Li Hua You ◽  
Yin Yin Hui ◽  
Xiang Ning Shi ◽  
Zhi Han Peng
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Flame Retardant ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Phosphinic Acid ◽  
Intumescent Flame Retardant ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index

In this study, a novel phosphorus-nitrogen containing intumescent flame retardant (P-N IFR) poly(melamine 2-carboxyethyl(phenyl) phosphate)(PMCEP) was prepared via the reaction of 2-carboxyethyl (phenyl) phosphinic acid (CEPPA) and melamine (MEL) in two-steps. Meanwhile, the molecular structure of the chemical compound was determined by FTIR,1H-NMR and elemental analysis; and the thermal properties was investigated by means of TGA. Combustion studies revealed high limiting oxygen index (LOI) indicative of better flame-retardancy properties for PBT resin.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document