OFAT Experimental Study of Laser Direct-Part Marking of Data Matrix Symbols on Titanium Alloys

2014 ◽  
Vol 915-916 ◽  
pp. 1027-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Ling Li
Keyword(s):  
Electric Current ◽  
Laser Line ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Direct Part ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Laser Parameter ◽  
Laser Marking ◽  
Line Spacing ◽  
Single Factor Analysis

To identify critical laser marking parameters which have a statistically significant effect on the contrasts of laser marked Data Matrix symbols on titanium alloy substrates, a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser was used in the laser marking process. The influence of six laser marking parameters (i.e. electric current, effective vector step, delay between the effective vector step, Q-switch frequency, Q release time, and laser line spacing) on the contrasts of laser marked Data Matrix symbols were studied. Single-factor analysis of variance(ANOVA) tests with a 95% confidence level were employed to determine whether a laser parameter had a statistically significant impact on the contrasts of laser marked Data Matrix symbols. Experimental results showed that four laser marking parameters (i.e. electric current, effective vector step, Q-switch frequency, and laser line spacing) have a statistically significant effect on the contrasts of laser marked Data Matrix symbols.

Impact of Laser Parameters on the Contrasts of Laser Direct Marked Data Matrix Symbols on Titanium Alloy Substrates

2014 ◽  
Vol 915-916 ◽  
pp. 1018-1022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Ling Li
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Electric Current ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Laser Line ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Laser Marking ◽  
Laser Parameters ◽  
Taguchi Experimental Method ◽  
Line Spacing ◽  
The Impact

To determine the impact of laser parameters on the contrasts of laser direct marked Data Matrix symbols on titanium alloys, a Q-switched Nd:YAG laser was used in the marking process. For this purpose, four laser marking parameters (i.e. electric current, effective vector step, Q-switch frequency, and laser line spacing) were correlated with the symbol contrast (SC). The L25 orthogonal array based on the Taguchi experimental method was adopted to determine the optimal combination levels of laser parameters for the SC, and the experimental data were statistically analyzed by multi-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA). Experimental results showed that the electric current, effectie vector step, laser line spacing have a statistically significant impact on the contrasts of laser marked Data Matrix symbols. Q-switch frequency is statistically insignificant at a 5% level. The optimal combination levels of laser parameters for the SC is where the electric current is at 26A, the effective vector step is at 0.001mm, the laser line spacing is at 0.01mm, and Q-switch frequency is at 5kHz.

Laser Marking Technology of Color Direct Part Marking Based on Data Matrix

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 091202
Author(s):  
耿影 Geng Ying ◽  
李建美 Li Jianmei ◽  
高鸿志 Gao Hongzhi
Keyword(s):  
Data Matrix ◽  
Direct Part ◽  
Laser Marking

Investigation of Laser Current Influence on Two-Dimensional Bar Code Contrast

2011 ◽  
Vol 314-316 ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Dong Qiu ◽  
Chang Hou Lu ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Jian Mei Li
Keyword(s):  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Significance Test ◽  
Laser Line ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Direct Part ◽  
Bar Code ◽  
Line Spacing ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Current Value ◽  
Key Parameter

Laser current is a key parameter in laser direct-part marking symbols on a substrate. Different laser current can create enormous impact on bar code contrast, but the influencing regularities are unclear. In this paper, a new significance test method based on the multivariate nonlinear model was proposed to investigate the influencing regularities. First, the multi-element nonlinear stepwise regression model between the laser current, the laser line spacing and symbol contrast was established, and then the model significance test was employed to evaluate the influence between the two factors and symbol contrast. Finally, the influencing regularities were found by comparing the influence between the laser current and the laser line spacing. These regularities are that along with the laser current value increasing the influence of laser current on symbol contrast decreases and that the effect is much smaller and can even be neglected when the laser current reaches or exceeds a certain value. This certain value is 15 A in the Nd:YAG laser Direct-part marking symbols on the aluminum alloy experiments.

Nanosecond Laser Direct-Part Marking of Data Matrix Symbols on Titanium Alloy Substrates

2018 ◽  
Vol 764 ◽  
pp. 194-200
Author(s):  
Chun Ling Li ◽  
Chang Hou Lu ◽  
Jian Mei Li
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Alloy ◽  
Physical Mechanism ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Environmental Scanning ◽  
Nanosecond Laser ◽  
Direct Part ◽  
Laser Marking ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Machine Readable

In the application of laser marking, the biggest challenge is that machine-readable barcodes with superior quality were not marked consistently. To solve this problem, laser direct-part marking Data Matrix barcode experiments were carried out on titanium alloy substrates, using a Q-switched light-pumped Nd:YAG laser. The microstructure of the symbols was analyzed using an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). The internal micro-stresses of the marked areas were analyzed using X-ray diffractometer (XRD). The influence of the pulse frequency on the symbol contrast is analyzed. Results showed the interaction between the laser and the titanium alloy can be found. This can further explain the physical mechanism of laser direct part marking Data Matrix symbols on titanium alloy substrates.

Investigation of Laser Parameters Influence of Direct-Part Marking Data Matrix Symbols on Aluminum Alloy

2011 ◽  
Vol 141 ◽  
pp. 328-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Dong Qiu ◽  
Wen Shuang Bao ◽  
Chang Hou Lu
Keyword(s):  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Nd:Yag Laser ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Release Time ◽  
Direct Part ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Laser Parameters ◽  
Processing Module ◽  
The Relationship

This paper studies of laser parameters for direct-part marking Data Matrix symbols on aluminum alloy by using Nd:YAG laser. Different laser parameters and the resultant can affect the barcode grade profoundly. The experiment focuses on all interval values of the vector step, inter-step time, laser Q frequency and laser Q release time. From the experiment results, the relationship between laser parameters and barcodes grade was found, and thus determined the optimal laser parameters. By analyzing the higher and the lower power density processing module SEM images and EDS data, it was found that the microstructure and micro-components of formations that created by the interaction between the laser and the aluminum alloy can affect the barcodes grade level significantly. We also found that the interaction between the laser and the aluminum alloy can be divided into four stages.

Study on the precision of the activated charcoal solvent desorption procedure - Correlation of desorption efficiencies

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 1332-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Koval
Keyword(s):  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Carbon Disulphide ◽  
Internal Standard ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Gas Chromatograph ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Single Factor Analysis ◽  
Acceptable Agreement

The described method uses activated charcoal sampling tubes for air sampling. Adsorbed compounds are eluted by the static desorption procedure with 1 ml of carbon disulphide, 0.5 ml of the supernatant is filtered off and, after internal standard addition, analysed on a gas chromatograph. Using synthetic calibration mixtures of model organic compounds with air, cumulative sampling and desorption efficiencies for 24 substances were determined for concentration ranges and sample volumes according to current Czechoslovak hygienic standards. Experimental results were treated with the single factor analysis of variance and the precision of the described procedure was estimated for the studied model compounds on the basis of residual sums of squares. Calculated values of cumulative sampling and desorption efficiencies and their precisions were compared with available published data and an acceptable agreement was found. In addition to that, cumulative sampling and desorption efficiencies were also found to be significantly correlated to molar volumes and other related molecular properties for some types of compounds.

scholarly journals Significance of pepsinogen in screening for gastric intestinal metaplasia in Guangdong, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 030006052199049
Author(s):  
Xujuan Liu ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Riyu Luo ◽  
Keran Mo ◽  
Xingxiang He
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Antibody Testing ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Risk Detection ◽  
Tree Models ◽  
Single Factor Analysis ◽  
Serological Biomarkers

Objective Diagnosis of gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) relies on gastroscopy and histopathologic biopsy, but their application in screening for GIM is limited. We aimed to identify serological biomarkers of GIM via screening in Guangdong, China. Methods Cross-sectional field and questionnaire data, demographic information, past medical history, and other relevant data were collected. Blood samples were collected for pepsinogen (PG)I, PGII, gastrin-17, and Helicobacter pylori antibody testing, and gastroscopy and histopathologic biopsy were performed. Single factor and logistic regression analyses were used to evaluate the correlation between these indicators and GIM, and decision tree models were used to determine the cut-off points between indicators. Results Of 443 participants enrolled, 87 (19.6%) were diagnosed with GIM. Single factor analysis showed that pepsin indicators (PGI, PGII, and PGI/PGII ratio) and the factors Mandarin as native language, urban residency, hyperlipidemia, and age were associated with GIM. Logistic regression analysis showed that PGI and age were associated with GIM. Conclusions Age is an important factor for predicting GIM progression; age >60 years increased its risk. Detection of GIM was higher in individuals with PGI levels >127.20 ng/mL, which could be used as a threshold indicating the need to perform gastroscopy and histopathologic biopsy.

scholarly journals Improving Strength and Quality of Epitendinous Repairs

Hand ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 495-501
Author(s):  
Angel Farinas ◽  
Michael Stephanides ◽  
Steven Schneeberger ◽  
Alonda Pollins ◽  
Nancy Cardwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Single Thread ◽  
A2 Pulley ◽  
Suture Thread ◽  
Single Factor Analysis ◽  
Single Suture

Background: Epitendinous sutures not only join the 2 severed tendon edges but also supply strength and support to the repair. Multiple techniques have been described, but none of them include another thread of suture. This could potentially increase the strength of the repair without affecting gliding. Methods: Caprine tendons were harvested, transected, and sutured with 6-0 Prolene. Four groups were created: single thread running (SR), single thread locking (SL), double thread running (DR), and double thread locking (DL). An Instron 5542 was used to pull the repaired tendons apart, and the energy at the break was calculated (gf/mm). For gliding resistance, we harvested a human A2 pulley. A pre- and postrepair value was obtained, and a ratio was elaborated. A single-factor analysis of variance and independent sample t tests were performed. Results: The SR group had a mean energy at break of 9339.71 ± 1630.212 gf/mm; the SL group, 9629.96 ± 1476.45 gf/mm; and the DR group, 9600.221 ± 976.087 gf/mm, with no statistical significance. The DL group was significantly higher at 14 740.664 ± 2596.586 gf/mm ( P < .05). When comparing SR with DL for gliding, SR had less than half of the resistance than DL (0.018 ± 0.004 and 0.049 ± 0.015 N/mm, respectively), with statistical significance ( P < .05). Conclusion: Using a single suture thread for running epitendinous repair is no different than locking with a single thread or using an extra thread in a running fashion. Performing a double suture thread with a locking technique is significantly stronger than the previously mentioned repairs, with the disadvantage of more resistance at the pulley.

Silicon Carbide Ceramic Turning Process Design and Parameter Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 800-801 ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
Zhen Bo Wang ◽  
Liang Zhang ◽  
Shu Zhi Li
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Carbide ◽  
Process Design ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Parameter Analysis ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Turning Process ◽  
Silicon Carbide Ceramic ◽  
Single Factor Analysis

This article mainly aims at the problem of silicon carbide ceramic mechanical turning difficult processing,by adopting the method of the numerical control turning processing.Design a special fixtures and a NC machining process to accomplish the manufacture of silicon carbide plate.And through the single factor analysis method to process parameters were analyzed.

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