Effect of Face Width on Bending Stress of Spur Gear Using AGMA and FEA

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 840-844
Author(s):  
Abdurrahman Ahmad Umar ◽  
Abdulrahaman Shuaibu Ahmad ◽  
Auwalu Gidado Yusuf ◽  
Zulfiqar Ibrahim Bibi Farouk
Keyword(s):  
Power Transmission ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Ansys Software ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Complex Design ◽  
Software Skills ◽  
Heavy Loads

Spur gears are widely used in industry where the power transmission is required at heavy loads with smoother and noiseless operation. The study in this paper shows that the complex design problem of spur gear requires superior software skills for modeling and analysis. The problem been has solved using Pro/E and ANSYS software which provides equivalent results to that of AGMA. In this paper, spur gear was modeled using Pro/Engineer wildfire 4.0 and stress analysis was carried out using ANSYS 11.0. The results obtained from both AGMA and FEM were compared and found to be approximately similar.

scholarly journals Effect of module variation on a 100watt horizontal axis wind turbine spur gear drive

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
G. Ayadju ◽  
K. Efebomo
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Tangential Force ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Horizontal Axis ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine ◽  
Gear Drive ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Bending Stresses

Spur gears are simple to design and construct to actualize their usage in power transmission as well as for speed reduction or increase. The aim of this research work is to determine the effect of module variation on a 100Watt horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) spur gear drive. The solution is to determine and appropriately select gear parameter values based on design considerations and the significance is for enhanced machine reliability and balance with economic production. The method used involved the application of gear design principles, modelling the gears with AutoCAD, module variation and evaluation of induced bending stress at the gears root; gear diameter, tooth thickness and face width become bigger with choosing higher modules for cutting tooth size, with the largest diameter of 168.4mm and 80mm for driver and driven gear respectively and face width of 60mm from using a module of 6mm. Although, the total torque exerted remains constant at 7.9Nm and 3.8Nm for a 100W HAWT. The tangential force in meshed operation of the gears and induced bending stress kept reducing as module increased. The highest tangential force is 282.4N and corresponding induced bending stress is 26.1N/mm2 based on American Gear Manufacturers Association (AGMA) standard and the range of data analyzed, at the lowest module of 2mm. Selecting lower modules means that higher bending stresses will be induced at the gears root, but smaller production cost and more compact system with less space requirement. The lower bending stresses with increasing module will support higher load capacity of the gears due to the increasing face width and enhance the reliability of the HAWT in respect of its performance. Keywords: Module, Spur Gear, Power Transmission, Bending Stress, Wind Turbine

scholarly journals Gear Teeth Deflection Model for Spur Gears: Proposal of a 3D Nonlinear and Non-Hertzian Approach

Machines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Fabio Bruzzone ◽  
Tommaso Maggi ◽  
Claudio Marcellini ◽  
Carlo Rosso
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Test Case ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Mechanics Model ◽  
Pressure Distributions

In this paper, a three-dimensional model for the estimation of the deflections, load sharing attributes, and contact conditions will be presented for pairs of meshing teeth in a spur gear transmission. A nonlinear iterative approach based on a semi-analytical formulation for the deformation of the teeth under load will be employed to accurately determine the point of application of the load, its intensity, and the number of contacting pairs without a priori assumptions. At the end of this iterative cycle the obtained deflected shapes are then employed to compute the pressure distributions through a contact mechanics model with non-Hertzian features and a technique capable of obtaining correct results even at the free edges of the finite length contacting bodies. This approach is then applied to a test case with excellent agreement with its finite element counterpart. Finally, several results are shown to highlight the influence on the quasi-static behavior of spur gears of different kinds and amounts of flank and face-width profile modifications.

scholarly journals A Multiobjective Optimization Analysis of Spur Gear Pair: The Profile Shift Factor Effect on Structure Design and Efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Samya Belarhzal ◽  
Kaoutar Daoudi ◽  
El Mostapha Boudi ◽  
Aziz Bachir ◽  
Samira Elmoumen
Keyword(s):  
Multiobjective Optimization ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Shift Factor ◽  
Structure Design ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Gear Pair ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Volume Equation

Spur gears are an indispensable element of power transmission, most of the time used in small environments with severe operating conditions such as high temperature, vibrations, and humidity. For this reason, manufacturers and transmission designers are required to look for better gear designs and higher efficiency. In this paper, a multiobjective optimization was conducted, using genetic algorithms (GAs) for corrected spur gear pair with an objective to reduce the structure volume and transmission power loss and reveal the influence of the profile shift factor on the optimal structure fitness. The optimization variables included are the pinion and wheel profile shift factors in addition to the module, face width, and the number of pinion teeth mostly used in standard gear optimization. The profile shift factor influences the shape of the gear teeth, the contact ratio, and the load sharing. It affects then the optimal results meaningfully. The gear pair volume, center distance, and efficiency presented the objective functions while contact stress, bending stress, face with coefficient, and tooth tip interferences served as constraints. Furthermore, a volume equation was developed, in which a bottom clearance formula is included for more accurate results. "Multiobjective optimization" is conducted at medium and high speeds, and the results show that the structure design is compact compared to standard gears with reasonable efficiency for medium contact ratio.

Investigation on Structural Steel and Silicon Carbide Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite Spur Gears Using PTC Creo and ANSYS 16.0

2018 ◽  
Vol 937 ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
S. Nallusamy ◽  
M. Rajaram Narayanan ◽  
S. Saravanan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Structural Steel ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Minimum Weight ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Assembly Model ◽  
Aluminum Metal Matrix Composite ◽  
Engineering And Technology

In the field of Engineering and Technology, Gear is one of the most significant and essential component in mechanical power transmission system. General devices have major applications in various fields like automotives, industrial rotational machines, lifting devices, etc. Gears are usually subjected to fluctuating loads while in action. Gear tooth mainly fails due to excessive bending stress and excessive contact stress. Thus while designing the gear it is very necessary and vital to analyze the stresses induced in the gear for its safe operation. Weight reduction of gear is also one of the main design criteria as it has a great role in improving the efficiency of the entire system. Nowadays engineering components made up of composite materials and plastics find increasing applications. The components made by the composite materials provide reasonable mechanical properties with minimum weight. The objective of this research is to develop the spur gear and pinion assembly model using engineering simulation PTC Creo and imported to 3-D design software ANSYS workbench 16.0 for working on the static structural analysis. The analysis was carried out by considering different materials for gears like structural steel, polycarbonate and 20%AlSiC. From the observed results it was found that, 20%AlSiC composite material has mass reduction of about 45%, hence it is suitable for light weight applications.

A New Photoelastic Investigation of the Dynamic Bending Stress of Spur Gears

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Jong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Critical Points ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Behavioral Characteristics ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Dynamic Effects ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Photoelastic Investigation ◽  
Bending Stresses

In this paper, the maximum tensile bending stress (MTBS) and the critical point in the root fillet of spur gear tooth during transmission are determined by a digital photoelastic system involving real time imaging. The behavioral characteristics of the bending stresses of the gear tooth are analyzed at different rotation speeds, transmitted torques, and contact points. Then, the dynamic effects, the various critical points and the maximum tensile bending stresses are compared experimentally and theoretically, and discussed. Finally, the best approaches for determining the maximum bending stress and its position in the root fillet of spur gear tooth are recommended.

Simplified Spur Gear Design

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward E. Osakue
Keyword(s):  
Contact Stress ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Load Factor ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Hertz Contact ◽  
Gear Design ◽  
Simplified Method ◽  
The Difference

A simplified design method (SDM) for spur gears is presented. The Hertz contact stress and Lewis root bending stress capacity models for spur gears have been reformulated and formatted into simplified forms. A scheme is suggested for estimating the AGMA J-factor in Lewis root bending stress for spur gears from a single curve for both pinion and gear instead of the conventional two curves. A service load factor is introduced in gear design that accounts for different conventional rated load modifier factors. It represents a magnification factor for the rated load in a gear design problem. Two design examples are considered for applications of the stress capacity models. In Example 1, the Hertz contact stress of the SDM deviates from AGMA value by 1.95%. The variance in Example 2 between the contact stress of the SDM and FEM is 1.184% while that between SDM and AGMA is 0.09%. The root bending stress of AGMA and SDM for the pinion in Example 1 differs by 1.44% and that for the gear by 6.59%. The difference between the root bending stress of AGMA and SDM for pinion and gear in Example 2 is 0.18%. These examples suggest that the new simplified method gives results that compare very favorably with both AGMA and FEM solutions. The simplified method developed is recommended mainly for preliminary design when quick but reliable solutions are sought.

scholarly journals STRESS ON SPUR GEAR AND SIMULATION FOR MICRO HYBRID SYSTEMS BY ANSYS WORKBENCH

Wahana Fisika ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Anisul Islam ◽  
Md. Mashrur Islam
Keyword(s):  
Contact Stress ◽  
Power Transmission ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Contact Fatigue ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Cyclic Stress ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Ansys Workbench

Spur gears are the most well-known kind of gears used in hybrid vehicle’s power transmission. They have straight teeth, and are mounted on parallel shafts. In some cases, many spur gears are utilized without a moment's delay to make huge rigging decreases. In this paper how stress creates on a spur equip under various conditions and conditions and reenactments of a rigging system (two spur gears) is assessed by Ansys workbench. For this static structural and dynamic analysis modeling is utilized. A couple of spurs equip tooth in real life is by and large subjected to two sorts of cyclic stress: contact stress and twisting stress including bowing fatigue. The two stresses may not accomplish their greatest esteems at a similar purpose of contact fatigue. These sorts of failure can be limited by analysis of the issue amid the outline organize and making appropriate tooth surface profile with legitimate assembling strategies.

scholarly journals Effect of face width of spur gear on bending stress using AGMA and ANSYS

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Hardial Singh ◽  
Deepak Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Analytical Solutions ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Simulation Results

In the present analysis, the effect of face width on the bending strength of spur gear has been studied. For this purpose face width of spur gear has been varied from 20 mm to 30 mm with a scale of 2 mm. Geometry of spur gear has been drawn using AutoCAD and the gear model has been simulated for bending stress using analysis software (ANSYS).Analytical equations (AGMA bending equations) have been used to find out analytical solution. Bending stress has been calculated at the gear tooth for different values of load. The simulation results have been compared with analytical solutions obtained using AGMA equations. It has been found from the results that increase in face width of spur gear results in decrease in bending stress and hence increase in bending strength.

Compact Design of High-Contact-Ratio Spur Gears

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuan H. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Spur Gear ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Bending Stress ◽  
Contact Ratio ◽  
Dynamic Design ◽  
Compact Design ◽  
Profile Errors ◽  
Tooth Profile Errors ◽  
Root Stress

Abstract This study presents a computer simulation for the dynamic design of compact high-contact-ratio spur gear transmissions. High contact ratio gears have the potential to produce lower dynamic tooth loads and minimum root stress but they can be sensitive to tooth profile errors. The analysis presented in this work was performed by using the NASA gear dynamics code DANST (Dynamic Analysis of Spur Gear Transmissions). In the analysis, the addendum ratio (addendum/diametral pitch) was varied over the range 1.30 to 1.40 to obtain a contact ratio of 2.00 or higher. The constraints of bending stress limit and involute interference provide the main criteria for this investigation. Compact design of high-contact-ratio gears with different gear ratios and pressure angles was investigated. Comparison of compact design between low-contact-ratio and high-contact-ratio gears was conducted. With the same operating parameters, high-contact-ratio gears appear to have much more compact design than low-contact-ratio gears. For compact design of high-contact-ratio gears, a diametral pitch of 6.00 appears to be the best choice for an optimal gear set.

Tooth Influence on Flexural and Torsional Flexibility, and Model Tooth Number Prediction for Optimum Dynamic Simulation of Wide-Faced Spur Gears

2005 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 626-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raynald Guilbault
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Simulation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Acceptable Error ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Dynamic Analyses ◽  
Tooth Number ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Face

Refined dynamic analyses of gear pairs, including precise tooth contact description, often lead to unreasonable simulation requirements. Therefore, numerous models employ simplifications, such as two-dimensional deflection of the engaged gear set, which is inappropriate for wide-faced wheels. Other models propose three-dimensional (3D) representation of one tooth on a complete hub. This approach introduces the torsional and flexural deflection of the gear body, but underestimates the corresponding stiffness. Since forthcoming improvements of gear analysis should offer efficient 3D dynamic simulation of wide-faced gear sets, this paper primarily quantifies the flexibility error levels implied with 3D one tooth full hub spur gear models. Subsequently, a procedure is developed to determine the number of teeth required for a 3D model so that it will include the torsional and flexural flexibility of the spur gear body, within acceptable error levels. This procedure offers an efficient approach to optimize the (precision)/(simulation time) ratio. The method deals with gears of any diametral pitch, and covers the common face width and tooth number ranges.

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