Fatigue Characteristics and Numerical Modeling Socket for Patient with above Knee Prosthesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 398 ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif M. Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Knee Prosthesis ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Interface Pressure ◽  
Prosthetic Socket ◽  
Glass Carbon ◽  
Fatigue Characteristics ◽  
Test Result

In this research, two groups of composite materials were used for manufacturing Above –Knee (AK) prosthetic socket. These sockets were fabricated from resin lamination (80:20) siegalharz as matrix materials, N-glass and carbon as reinforced materials using vacuum pressure. The mechanical properties for materials that used in above knee socket were tested by tensile, bending and fatigue tests. The results showed the mechanical properties of (N-glass - carbon fiber-N-glass) with matrix of lamination (80:20) resin were: Ϭy= 112Mpa, Ϭult=132MPa, Ϭb max=57Mpa, E=1.74GPa and The elongation at Beak was 3.5mm. In addition, the test result of (N-glass - carbon fiber-N-glass) with matrix of siegalharz resin were Ϭy= 123Mpa, Ϭult=151MPa, Ϭb max=174Mpa, E=2.64GPa and the elongation at Beak was3.3mm. Interface pressure was measured for above knee prosthetic socket and the patient age (30years) , height (165 cm) and weight (83 kg). High pressure values of (190Kpa) and (164Kpa) were recorded for the anterior and lateral sections respectively. This is because of the anterior and lateral muscles action which tend to be more active during the movement of the patient. The numerical results showed that the safety factor for (N-glass - carbon fiber-N-glass) with matrix lamination of (80:20) resin was found to be 0.595in addition the safety factor for (N-glass - carbon fiber-Nglass) with matrix of siegalharz resin was numerically calculated to be 1.084 which is safe in design.

Improving the Composite Materials for Bi Lateral Prosthesis with Below Knee Amputation

2020 ◽  
Vol 1002 ◽  
pp. 379-388
Author(s):  
Saif M. Abbas ◽  
Ghanim Sh. Sadiq ◽  
Muhammed Abdul Sattar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Safety Factor ◽  
Internal Wall ◽  
Knee Amputation ◽  
Prosthetic Socket ◽  
Is Failure ◽  
Ansys Workbench

This study used the tensile and fatigue test to find the properties of composite material used to fabricate a prosthetic socket with below knee amputation using an excluding air technique. The composite materials consisted of eight layers of carbon-fiber for first socket and eight layers of perlon for second socket of below knee amputation. This study was conducted on a patient have 45years old of height 164cm and weight95kg were measured, and the results showed that the ultimate stress (Ϭult) and yield stress (Ϭy) for eight layers of perlon was39 MPa and 36 MPa, while for eight layers of carbon-fiber was 135 MPa and 121 MPa. The fatigue limit for eight layers of perlon was 15 MPa and for eight layers of carbon-fiber was 90 MPa. The value of pressure on the internal wall of the prosthetic socket was measured by F-socket sensor between stump and socket for four position; this data is anterior =210kPa, lateral=313kPa, posterior=225kPa and medial=180kPa. From mechanical properties and ANSYS workbench 14.5software, the safety factor for below knee socket with eight layers of carbon-fiber is (1.35) which is acceptable for socket design. The safety factor for below knee socket with eight layers of perlon is (0.22) which is failure.

Development and Property Evaluation of Fiber Reinforced Hybrid Epoxy Laminate Composite: Jute/E-Glass/Carbon-Fabric-Final Revision

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 534-537
Author(s):  
B. Adaveesh ◽  
K.C. Anil ◽  
M. Vishwas ◽  
R.P. Archana
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Laminate Composite ◽  
Matrix Material ◽  
Jute Fiber ◽  
Carbon Fabric ◽  
Property Evaluation ◽  
Glass Carbon ◽  
Flexural Tests

In this investigation, conventional hand layup method was employed to fabricate hybrid epoxy laminate composite. Jute fiber, E-glass fiber and carbon fiber fabrics of 500,200,200 gsm respectively were used as a reinforcements and epoxy with k-6 hardener was used as a matrix material. Tensile, compression and flexural tests were conducted as per the ASTM standards. It is observed that jute/carbon/epoxy laminate of 2mm thickness plate exhibits significant mechanical properties compare to jute/glass/epoxy laminate of 2mm laminate composite.

Preliminary Material Evaluation of Flax Fibers for Prosthetic Socket Fabrication

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominic Monette ◽  
Patrick Dumond ◽  
Inès Chikhaoui ◽  
Paul Nichols ◽  
Edward D. Lemaire
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Composite Layer ◽  
Vibration Damping ◽  
Impact Testing ◽  
The Body ◽  
Manufacturing Method ◽  
Flax Fibers ◽  
Prosthetic Socket

Abstract Composite prosthetic sockets are typically made of fiberglass or carbon fiber. These fibers have good mechanical properties, but relatively poor vibration damping. Flax fibers are claimed to have exceptional vibration damping properties, with the added benefit of being a natural renewable resource and a cost-effective alternative to synthetic fibers. Flax fibers could prove beneficial for prosthetic sockets, providing lightweight sockets that reduce vibrations transmitted to the body during movement. This research used impact testing (impulse hammer and custom drop tower) on flat and socket shaped composite samples to evaluate composite layer options. Sample vibration dissipation was measured by a combination of accelerometers, load cells, and a dynamometer. Composite sockets made purely of flax fibers were lighter and more efficient at damping vibrations, reducing the amplification of vibrations by a factor of nearly four times better than sockets made purely of carbon fiber. However, the bending stiffness, elastic moduli, and flexural strength of flax sockets fabricated using the traditional socket manufacturing method were found to be ten times lower than theoretical values of flax composites found in the literature. By increasing fiber volume fraction when using the traditional socket manufacturing method, the composite's mechanical properties, namely, vibration damping, could improve and flax fiber benefits could be explored further.

scholarly journals Fatigue Characteristics and Numerical Modelling Prosthetic for Chopart Amputation

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Saif M. Abbas ◽  
Ammar I. Kubba
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Laminated Composite ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Interface Pressure ◽  
Custom Made ◽  
Fatigue Characteristics ◽  
Design And Manufacture ◽  
Laminated Composite Material

This research is looking for three laminated composite material groups. These three groups were utilized in experimental investigation to find their mechanical properties. These properties have been used to design and manufacture a socket for a partial foot prosthesis using an ANSYS model. This socket was manufactured with a vacuum pressure device to improve its properties. The socket composite material was tested for tensile and fatigue properties; then, its results were used in the ANSYS model. The composite material matrix was laminated in an 80 : 20 ratio, and there were three types of reinforcement lamination material (Perlon, glass fiber, and carbon fiber). The mechanical property results of these tests were found as follows: using only-Perlon reinforcement, the properties are σ y = 33.6   MPa , σ ult = 35.6   MPa , and modulus   of   elasticity = 1.03   GPa ; using (3Perlon +2carbon fiber +3perlon) layers, the properties were σ y = 65.5   MPa , σ ult = 92.5   MPa , and modulus   of   elasticity = 1.99   GPa ; and using (3Perlon + 2 glass fiber + 3perlon) layers, the results were σ y = 40   MPa , σ ult = 46.6   MPa , and modulus   of   elasticity = 1.4   GPa . The ANSYS model used the boundary condition from the measured contact pressure between the socket and the patient’s stump. The MatScan (F-socket) pressure sensor utilized these interface pressure measurements. The maximum values for the pressure were found as follows: 190 kPa and 164 kPa, which are recorded in the posterior and lateral locations, respectively. The calculated factor of safety for the prosthesis that has been made from a selected composite material with the following layers (3 Perlon+2 carbon fiber+3 Perlon) is 1.037 which is safe for design prosthetic applications. From this study, more prosthetic designs can be modelled and manufactured using this approach. Prosthetics and orthotics are usually custom-made for each patient according to its specific requirements. So, it will be very helpful to find a procedure to analyze the prosthetics before manufacturing it.

scholarly journals Characteristics Composite Materials to be Used in Trans-Tibial Prosthetic Sockets

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-123
Author(s):  
Bassam A. Alwan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Fatigue Properties ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Prosthetic Socket ◽  
In Trans

To initate a datebase on material properties on typical laminations used in belwo knee prosthetic socket (Trans-Tibial). The authors subjected samples of common prosthetic socket laminations to tensile, bending, and fatigue tests. Two varieties of lay up material (fibers) were each laminated separately with common resins (acrylic), resulting in four combinations of fiber/acrylic resin. Fibers made of carbon fiber and perlon fiber were used at different volume fractions. The result showed that socket prosthesis made of carbon fiber and perlon fiber (12 layers) has highest tensile and flexural strenght when compared to other laminations. Material test results indicate that the composite material (12 Layers) have better tensile and fatigue properties than composite material (8 layers). The ultimate tensile strength, and the modulus of elasticity composite material (12 layers) are higher than those of the composite material (8 layers) by 0.124% and 0.072% respectively, and by 0.1% and 0.185 for composite material (8 layers ) with volume fraction of matrix equal 0.72). Vacuum technique is good process and this prevented cavites or defects in specimens

Pengaruh Tekanan dan Penggunaan Conplast terhadap Sifat Mekanik Eternit dari Abu Cangkang Sawit

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (15) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Haspiadi Haspiadi
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Palm Shell ◽  
Oil Palm Shell ◽  
Density Values ◽  
Test Result

The purpose of this research is to know the influence of pressure and use of conplast against mechanical properties which are a Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) and Modulus of Rupture (MOR) of plasterboard. The study is done because still low quality of plasterboard made from a mixture of ashes of oil-palm shell especially of the mechanical properties compared to the controls. The method of this reserach used variation of printed pressure and the addition of conplast. Test result is obtained that the highest value of Modulus of Elasticity (MOE) 90875.94 Kg/cm2, Modulus of Rupture (MOR) 61.16 Kg/cm2 and density values in generally good printed at the pressure 60 g/cm3 and the addition of conplast 25% as well as the composition of the ash of palm shell oil 40%: limestone 40%: cement 15%: fiber 5% and 300 mL of water. ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh tekanan dan penggunaan conplast terhadap sifat mekanik yaitu kuat lentur dan keteguhan patah eternit berbahan dasar abu cangkang sawit. Penelitian ini dilakukan karena masi rendahnya mutu eternit berbahan campuran abu cangkang sawit dari bolier khususnya sifat mekanik dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah dengan variasi tekanan cetak dan penambahan conplast. Hasil uji diperoleh bahwa kuat lentur tertinggi sebesar 90875,94 Kg/cm2 dan keteguhan patah sebesar 61,16 Kg/cm2, yang dicetak pada tekanan 60 g/cm3 dan penambahan conplast 25% dengan komposisi  abu cangkang sawit 40 %: kapur 40 % : semen 15 %: serat 5 % dan air 300 mL.Kata Kunci :  Abu cangkang sawit, conplast, kuat lentur, keteguhan patah.

scholarly journals Undergraduate Research Program to Recycle Composite Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Waleed Ahmed ◽  
Essam Zaneldin ◽  
Amged Al Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Research Program ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Undergraduate Research ◽  
Undergraduate Research Program ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Cfrp Composite

With the rapid growth in the manufacturing industry and increased urbanization, higher amounts of composite material waste are being produced, causing severe threats to the environment. These environmental concerns, coupled with the fact that undergraduate students typically have minimal experience in research, have initiated the need at the UAE University to promote research among undergraduate students, leading to the development of a summer undergraduate research program. In this study, a recycling methodology is presented to test lab-fabricated Carbon-Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (CFRP) for potential applications in industrial composite waste. The work was conducted by two groups of undergraduate students at the UAE University. The methodology involved the chemical dissolution of the composite waste, followed by compression molding and adequate heat treatment for rapid curing of CFRP. Subsequently, the CFRP samples were divided into three groups based on their geometrical distinctions. The mechanical properties (i.e., modulus of elasticity and compressive strength) were determined through material testing, and the results were then compared with steel for prompt reference. The results revealed that the values of mechanical properties range from 2 to 4.3 GPa for the modulus of elasticity and from 203.7 to 301.5 MPa for the compressive strength. These values are considered competitive and optimal, and as such, carbon fiber waste can be used as an alternate material for various structural applications. The inconsistencies in the values are due to discrepancies in the procedure as a result of the lack of specialized equipment for handling CFRP waste material. The study concluded that the properties of CFRP composite prepreg scrap tend to be reusable instead of disposable. Despite the meager experimental discrepancies, test values and mechanical properties indicate that CFRP composite can be successfully used as a material for nonstructural applications.

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