Rod-Like Rutile Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Structure and Morphology

2017 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 32-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Kotsyubynsky ◽  
Ivan Myronyuk ◽  
Volodymyr Chelyadyn ◽  
Andrii Hrubiak ◽  
Volodymyr Moklyak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Structure And Morphology ◽  
Nanoparticles Synthesis ◽  
Preferred Oriented ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Nanodispersed rutile with rod-like particles is synthesized by hydrolysis of TiCl4 in hydrochloric acid - ethanol alcohol aqueous solution. It is found that the specific surface area, crystallite size and degree of agglomeration are determined by molar ratio of ethanol in reaction medium. According to HR-TEM images and XRD data rutile crystallites are preferred oriented along the [001] axis. The analysis of the Raman spectra for samples with different morphology is performed. The model of rutile nanorods nucleation and growth is proposed.

scholarly journals Rutile Nanorods: Synthesis, Structure and Electrochemical Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32
Author(s):  
V.O. Kotsyubynsky ◽  
I.F. Myronyuk ◽  
V.L. Chelyadyn ◽  
V.V. Moklyak
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Galvanostatic Conditions

Nanodispersed rutile with rod-like particles was synthesized by hydrolysis of TiCl4 in hydrochloric acid - ethanol alcohol aqueous solution at 40°C. It was found that the specific surface area, crystallite size, degree of agglomeration are determined by molar ratios of ethanol. The obtained material was used as the base of cathode composition for lithium power sources. The maximum values of specific capacity (250 mAh/g) at discharge in galvanostatic conditions are fixed in the case of using material with the maximum agglomeration degree and minimal particle size. Phasic character of Li+ ions intercalation is set and the diffusion coefficient at different stages of the process is calculated.

Stability of the Nerve Gas Antidote BIS (4-Hydroxyiminomethyl-1-Pyridinomethyl) Ether Dichloride (Toxogonin®)

1968 ◽  
Vol 2 (9) ◽  
pp. 234-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Christenson
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Kinetics Of Hydrolysis ◽  
Dilute Aqueous Solution ◽  
Nerve Gas ◽  
Ph Range ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The products and kinetics of hydrolysis of the nerve gas antidote bis(4-hydroxyiminomethyl - 1 - pyridinemethyl) ether dichloride (Toxogonin ®) have been investigated. A survey of these studies is given: The hydrolytic reactions were studied in the pH range 1 M hydrochloric acid to 1 M sodium hydroxide at 25, 45, 75 and 85° C. Rate constants were determined in dilute aqueous solution, generally with an initial Toxogonin concentration of 0.01 mg per ml. In addition, a report is given concerning two-year storage of 25 percent (w/v) Toxogonin solutions at pH 2.5, 3.0 and 3.5. The solutions were stored in glass or polypropylene ampuls at 5, 15, 25 and 45°C. At 5 and 15C° decomposition was negligible, at 25 and 45 °C average decomposition was 1.5 percent and 3.3 percent, respectively.

STUDIES ON THE URANIUM EXTRACTION EQUILIBRIA, PHOTOLYTIC, AND HYDROLYTIC REACTIONS IN SYSTEMS CONTAINING TRI-n-BUTOXYETHYL PHOSPHATE

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 878-884 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Halpern ◽  
T. Kim ◽  
A. S. Kertes ◽  
N. C. Li
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Organic Phase ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Tributyl Phosphate ◽  
Extraction Behavior ◽  
Initial Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Ethereal Oxygen ◽  
Extraction Equilibria

The extraction equilibria in the system aqueous hydrochloric acid – uranyl chloride –undiluted tri-n-butoxyethyl phosphate, TBEP, were examined as a function of increasing uranyl concentration (0.44 to 4.41 M) in the initial aqueous solution, the acid content of the initial aqueous solution being kept constant at 6.76 M. The extraction behavior of TBEP is found to be different from that of tributyl phosphate. Evidence has been presented to show that the three ethereal oxygen atoms in the TBEP molecule are, under high organic phase loading conditions, available for participation in complexation. The hydrochloric acid promoted hydrolysis of TBEP and the instability toward light of the TBEP layer containing hydrochloric acid and uranium were also examined.

scholarly journals MICELLAR CATALYZED REACTION IN AQUEOUS GLYCEROL SOLUTIONS AND THE INTERNAL PRESSURE OF THE MEDIUM

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (16) ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Lavinel G. IONESCU ◽  
Vera Lucia Trindade ◽  
Elizabeth Fatima de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Alkaline Hydrolysis ◽  
Cetyltrimethylammonium Bromide ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Phosphate Ester ◽  
Cohesive Forces ◽  
Diphenyl Phosphate ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The experimental results obtained/or the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl diphenyl phosphate (NPDPP) in the presence of sodium hydroxide (NaOH), micelles of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), and an aqueous solution of glycerol were analyzed taking into consideration the internal pressure and the cohesive forces of the reaction medium. The effect of glycerol on mice/le formation and also its influence on the internal pressure of the reaction medium are large enough to affect the micellar catalyzed alkaline hydrolysis of the phosphate ester.

Formation process of BaTiO3 particles by reaction between barium hydroxide aqueous solution and titania obtained by hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 2631-2638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Zeng ◽  
Naofumi Uekawa ◽  
Takashi Kojima ◽  
Kazuyuki Kakegawa
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Titanium Isopropoxide ◽  
Barium Hydroxide ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Cubic Phase ◽  
Titanium Alkoxide ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

BaTiO3 particles were prepared by heating a suspension of titania derived from the hydrolysis of titanium isopropoxide in a barium hydroxide [Ba(OH)2] aqueous solution. Well-crystallized cubic phase BaTiO3 fine particles were obtained by heating at a temperature >328 K for 24 h. The morphology and size of the obtained particles were affected by the reaction temperature and the Ba(OH)2/titanium alkoxide molar ratio. The secondary particles with a larger size were obtained at a lower reaction temperature. The nucleation process of BaTiO3 depended on the reaction temperature. The formation mechanism of BaTiO3 and the formation kinetics were investigated by measuring the concentrations of Ba2+ ions in the solution during the heating process. The BaTiO3 particle formation occurred on the surface of the titania particles after strong adsorption of the Ba2+ ions from the solution. The experimental results showed that the heterogeneous nucleation of BaTiO3 occurred on the titania surface.

Photoluminescent Characteristics of ZnS Quantum Dots Synthesized in Non-Aqueous-Phase

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 991-994
Author(s):  
Jing Liu ◽  
Ming Ying ◽  
Yu Ling Tan ◽  
Bo Xi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Reaction Medium ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Zinc Blend ◽  
Red Emission ◽  
X Ray

ZnS quantum dots (ZnS QDs) synthesized in aqueous solution is easy to gather a mass, which always results in low quantum yield. So, in this study benzene was used as reaction medium in which ZnS QDs with different hues were synthesized, and the hues of ZnS QDs were depend on the molar ratio of Zn (CH3COO)2 and Na2S·9H2O. The results show the emission spectra of ZnS QDs shifts with the change of the precursor molar ratio but the absorption peak at 310nm is not. The emission peaks centered at 430nm and 580nm at higher molar ratio [Zn2+]/[S2-] with blue-violet emitting phosphors; but, ZnS QDs synthesized at higher molar ratio [S2-]/[Zn2+] have orange-red emission at 580nm only. The X-ray diffraction analysis shows the crystallinity of ZnS QDs is better at [Zn2+]/[S2-]=1:10, which are typical zinc blend with nanorod structure.

STRUCTURE OF AN ARABOGALACTAN FROM TAMARACK (LARIX LARICINA)

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Adams
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Larix Laricina ◽  
Soluble Polysaccharide ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

A water-soluble polysaccharide containing L-arabinose and D-galactose in a molar ratio 1:3.8 was isolated from tamarack. Fractionation with ethanol from aqueous solution yielded one main component which was judged to be homogeneous on the basis of electrophoresis and sedimentation data. Hydrolysis of the fully methylated polysaccharide yielded, 2,3,5-tri-O-methyl-L-arabinose (2 moles); 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-methyl-D-galactose (16 moles); 2,5-di-O-methyl-L-arabinose (5 moles); 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-L-arabinose (5.5 moles); 2,3,4-tri-O-methyl-D-galactose (11 moles); 2,4,6-tri-O-methyl-D-galactose (3 moles); 2,6-di-O-methyl-D-galactose (1 mole); 2,4-di-O-methyl-D-galactose (20 moles); 2-O-methyl-D-galactose (3 moles).Possible structures for the arabogalactan are proposed and discussed on the basis of these results.

Removal of Methylene Blue and Copper (II) by Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Sorbents

2015 ◽  
Vol 74 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Haziqah Mohd. Nasir ◽  
Muhammad Abbas Ahmad Zaini ◽  
Siti Hamidah Mohd. Setapar ◽  
Hashim Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches

This study aims to evaluate the adsorptive properties of oil palm empty fruit bunch for the removal of cationic pollutants in water. The untreated and hydrochloric acid-treated empty fruit bunches were characterized based on pH of adsorbent, specific surface area and surface functional groups. The adsorbents were then used to challenge varying concentrations of methylene blue dye and copper (II) in aqueous solution. Results show that the specific surface area of empty fruit bunch decreased upon the treatment with hydrochloric acid. The untreated adsorbent displays a higher equilibrium removal of the target pollutants due to its higher specific surface area of 28.4 m2/g. The maximum removal were recorded as 0.103 and 0.075 mmol/g for methylene blue and copper (II), respectively. Oil palm empty fruit bunch is a promising candidate for the removal of cationic pollutants in aqueous solution. 

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