Correlating In-Vitro Dissolution Measurement Methods Used with Bone Void Filler Bioceramics

2003 ◽  
Vol 254-256 ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
Tracey Jones ◽  
Marc Long
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Methods ◽  
In Vitro Dissolution ◽  
Bone Void Filler ◽  
Bone Void

Local Antibiotic Delivery with Bovine Cancellous Chips

2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine S. Lewis ◽  
Jordan Katz ◽  
Maribel I. Baker ◽  
Peter R. Supronowicz ◽  
Elise Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Secondary Surgery ◽  
Primary Osteoblast ◽  
Systemic Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Bone Void Filler ◽  
Orthopedic Applications ◽  
Local Antibiotic ◽  
Bone Void ◽  
Antibiotic Delivery

Infected bone defects and osteomyelitis are encountered frequently in trauma cases. Currently, the standard of care for osteomyelitis cases is prolonged systemic antibiotic therapy and implantation of antibiotic carrier beads. However, this method requires a secondary surgery to remove the beads after the infection has cleared. In the present study a common bone void filler was investigated for its ability to be infused with an antibiotic. This study demonstrates that the xenograft material tested can be loaded with gentamicin and release clinically relevant levels of the drug for at least 14 days in vitro allowing for the inhibition of bacterial growth on the graft. This study also demonstrates that the levels of gentamicin released did not have an adverse effect on primary osteoblast cell proliferation or ability to generate alkaline phosphatase. This bone void filler may represent a viable alternative to current methods of local antibiotic delivery in orthopedic applications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Antibiotic-Releasing Triphasic Bone Void Filler In-Vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Harris ◽  
Hamza Ahmed ◽  
Leslie Pace ◽  
Jon Minter ◽  
Michael Neel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Minimal Effect ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Dissolution Study ◽  
Infection Treatment ◽  
Bone Void Filler ◽  
Bone Void

Bone void fillers (BVFs) containing calcium sulfate, tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and hydroxyapatite can be loaded with antibiotics for infection treatment or prevention under surgeon-directed use. The aim of this study was to characterize the handling and elution properties of a triphasic BVF loaded with common antibiotics. BVF was mixed with vancomycin and/or tobramycin to form pellets, and the set time was recorded. A partial refreshment elution study was conducted with time points at 4, 8, and 24 h, as well as 2, 7, 14, 28, and 42 days. Effects on dissolution were evaluated in a 14-day dissolution study. Set time increased to over 1 h for groups containing tobramycin, although vancomycin had a minimal effect. Pellets continued to elute antibiotics throughout the 42-day elution study, suggesting efficacy for the treatment or prevention of orthopedic infections. BVF containing vancomycin or tobramycin showed similar dissolution at 14 days compared to BVF without antibiotics; however, BVF containing both antibiotics showed significantly more dissolution.

In Vitro Mechanical Properties of a Calcium Silicate Based Bone Void Filler

2006 ◽  
pp. 829-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkan Engqvist ◽  
S. Edlund ◽  
Gunilla Gómez-Ortega ◽  
Jesper Lööf ◽  
Leif Hermansson
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Bone Void Filler ◽  
Bone Void

scholarly journals In Vitro Efficacy of Antibiotics Released from Calcium Sulfate Bone Void Filler Beads

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip Laycock ◽  
John Cooper ◽  
Robert Howlin ◽  
Craig Delury ◽  
Sean Aiken ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Epidermidis ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Joint Infection ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Bone Void Filler ◽  
Biofilm Bacteria ◽  
Bone Void

15 different antibiotics were individually mixed with commercially available calcium sulfate bone void filler beads. The antibiotics were: amikacin, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, colistamethate sodium, daptomycin, gentamicin, imipenem/cilastatin, meropenem, nafcillin, rifampicin, teicoplanin, tobramycin and vancomycin. The efficacy of specific released antibiotics was validated by zone of inhibition (ZOI) testing using a modified Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method against common periprosthetic joint infection pathogens. With a subset of experiments (daptomycin, rifampin, vancomycin alone and rifampin and vancomycin in combination), we investigated how release varied over 15 days using a repeated ZOI assay. We also tested the ability of these beads to kill biofilms formed by Staphylococcus epidermidis 35984, a prolific biofilm former. The results suggested that certain antibiotics could be combined and released from calcium sulfate with retained antibacterial efficacy. The daptomycin and rifampin plus vancomycin beads showed antimicrobial efficacy for the full 15 days of testing and vancomycin in combination with rifampin prevented resistant mutants. In the biofilm killing assay, all of the antibiotic combinations showed a significant reduction in biofilm bacteria after 24 h. The exposure time was an important factor in the amount of killing, and varied among the antibiotics.

In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Calcium Sulfate and Hydroxyapatite (Cerament Bone Void Filler) Discs Using Heat-Sensitive and Non–Heat-sensitive Antibiotics Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey C. Karr ◽  
Joseph Lauretta ◽  
Georgia Keriazes
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Calcium Sulfate ◽  
Bone Void Filler ◽  
Zones Of Inhibition ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
Bone Void ◽  
Carrier Systems ◽  
Carrier Vehicle

Background: Several absorbable and nonabsorbable antibiotic carrier systems are available in the adjunctive surgical management of osteomyelitis of the foot, ankle, and lower leg. These carrier systems have significant limitations regarding which antibiotics can be successfully incorporated into the carrier vehicle. The calcium sulfate and hydroxyapatite Cerament Bone Void Filler is a biocompatible, absorbable ceramic bone void filler that can successfully deliver multiple heat-stable and heat-unstable antibiotics that have not been generally used before with antibiotic beads in treating musculoskeletal infections. Methods: Cerament Bone Void Filler discs with the antibiotics rifampin, vancomycin, tobramycin, cefazolin, cefepime hydrochloride, vancomycin-tobramycin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, and ticarcillin-clavulanate were tested in vitro against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Results: The zones of inhibition for the Cerament Bone Void Filler antibiotic discs plated against Staphylococcus aureus obtained were 33% to 222% greater than the minimum zones of inhibition breakpoints for bacteria susceptibility as defined by the standard set by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Cerament Bone Void Filler discs with the antibiotics plated against Pseudomonas aeruginosa produced zones of inhibition of 93% to 200% greater than the minimum zones of inhibition breakpoints for bacteria susceptibility as defined by the standard set by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Conclusions: The calcium sulfate and hydroxyapatite Cerament Bone Void Filler was an excellent carrier vehicle for multiple antibiotics creating in vitro significant zones of inhibition, thus demonstrating susceptibility against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which holds tremendous promise in treating osteomyeilits. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 101(2): 146–152, 2011)

In Vitro Mechanical Properties of a Calcium Silicate Based Bone Void Filler

2006 ◽  
Vol 309-311 ◽  
pp. 829-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Engqvist ◽  
S. Edlund ◽  
Gunilla Gómez-Ortega ◽  
Jesper Lööf ◽  
Leif Hermansson
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Phosphate ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Cement ◽  
Calcium Silicate ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Calcium Silicate Cement ◽  
Bone Void Filler ◽  
Bone Void

The objective of the paper is to investigate the mechanical and the handling properties of a novel injectable bone void filler based on calcium silicate. The orthopaedic cement based on calcium silicate was compared to a calcium phosphate cement, Norian SRS from Syntes Stratec, with regard to the working (ejection through 14 G needle) and setting time (Gillmore needles), Young’s modulus and the flexural (ASTM F-394) and compressive (ISO 9917) strength after storage in phosphate buffer saline at body temperature for time points from 1h up to 16 weeks. The calcium silicate cement is composed of a calcium silicate powder (grain size below 20 µm) that is mixed with a liquid (water and CaCl2) into a paste using a spatula and a mixing cup. The water to cement ratio used was about 0.5. The calcium silicate had a working time of 15 minutes and a setting time of 17 minutes compared to 5 and 10 minutes respectively for the calcium phosphate cement. The compressive strength was considerably higher for the calcium silicate cement (>100 MPa) compared to the calcium phosphate cement (>40 MPa). Regarding the flexural strength the calcium silicate cement had high values for up to 1 week (> 40 MPa) but it decreased to 25 MPa after 16 weeks. The phosphate cement had a constant flexural strength of about 25 MPa. The results show that calcium silicate cement has the mechanical and handling potential to be used as high strength bone void filler.

scholarly journals Electrospun, synthetic bone void filler promotes human MSC function and BMP-2 mediated spinal fusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 532-543
Author(s):  
Juliane D Glaeser ◽  
Khosrowdad Salehi ◽  
Linda EA Kanim ◽  
Derek G Ju ◽  
Jae Hyuk Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Fusion ◽  
Release Kinetics ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Synthetic Bone ◽  
Group I ◽  
Bone Void Filler ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Bone Void

Introduction Synthetic bone grafts are often used to achieve a well-consolidated fusion mass in spinal fusion procedures. These bone grafts function as scaffolds, and ideally support cell function and facilitate protein binding. Objective The aim was to characterize an electrospun, synthetic bone void filler (Reb) for its bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2 release properties and support of human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) function in vitro, and its efficacy in promoting BMP-2-/bone marrow aspirate-(BMA)-mediated posterolateral spinal fusion (PLF) in vivo. Methods BMP-2 release kinetics from Reb versus standard absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) was determined. hMSC adhesion and proliferation on Reb was tested using cell counting, fluorescence microscopy and MTS. Cell osteogenic differentiation was quantified via cellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. For in vivo analysis, 18 Lewis rats were treated during PLF surgery with the following groups: (I) Reb + BMA, (II) Reb + BMA + BMP-2 and (III) BMA. A safe, minimally effective dose of BMP-2 was used. Fusion consolidation was followed for 3 months using radiography and micro-CT. After sacrifice, fusion rate and biomechanical stiffness was determined using manual palpation, biomechanical tests and histology. Results In vitro, BMP-2 release kinetics were similar between Reb versus ACS. MSC proliferation and differentiation were increased in the presence of Reb. At 3 months post-surgery, fusion rates were 29% (group I), 100% (group II), and 0% (group III). Biomechanical stiffness was higher in group II versus I. Micro-CT showed an increased bone volume and connectivity density in group II. Trabecular thickness was increased in group I versus II. H&E staining showed newly formed bone in group II only. Conclusions Reb possesses a high protein binding affinity and promotes hMSC function. Combination with BMA and minimal dose BMP-2 allowed for 100% bone fusion in vivo. This data suggests that a minimally effective dose of BMP-2 can be used when combined with Reb.

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