Multivariate Analysis between Air Pollutants and Meteorological Variables in Seoul

2005 ◽  
Vol 277-279 ◽  
pp. 492-496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Hee Kim ◽  
Ji Won Lim
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Contrast Effect ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Meteorological Variables ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Seasonal Characteristics ◽  
Environment Index

Multivariate analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship between air pollutants and meteorological variables measured in Seoul from January 1 to December 31, 1999. The first principal component showed the contrast effect between O3 and the other pollutants. The second principal component showed the contrast effect between CO, SO2, NO2, and O3, PM10, TSP. Based on the cluster analysis, three clusters represented different air pollution levels, seasonal characteristics of air pollutants, and meteorological conditions. Discriminant analysis with Air Environment Index (AEI) was carried out to develop an air pollution index function.

scholarly journals Spatial Mapping of a Highly Non-Uniform Distribution of Particle-Bound PAH in a Densely Populated Urban Area

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 496
Author(s):  
Kyung Hwan Kim ◽  
Kyung-Hwan Kwak ◽  
Jae Young Lee ◽  
Sung Ho Woo ◽  
Jong Bum Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Exposure Assessment ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Personal Exposure ◽  
Exposure Level ◽  
Traffic Emission ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Monitoring Procedure

In this work, a 2-D gridded air pollution map with a high resolution of 50 × 50 m2 was proposed to help the exposure assessment studies focusing on the association between air pollutants and their health effects. To establish a reliable air pollution map in a 2 × 2 km2 urban area, a mobile monitoring procedure and a data process were developed. Among the various vehicle-related air pollutants, the particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (pPAH) was chosen as a sensitive indicator. The average pPAH concentration on major roads (293.1 ng/m3) was found to be 35 times higher than that at a background location (8.4 ng/m3). Based on the cell-based pPAH concentrations, the 50 × 50 m2 cells in the air pollution map were categorized into five pollution levels. The higher air pollution levels were generally shown by the cells close to the major traffic emission points. The proposed map can be used to make various policies regarding land use and traffic flow control in urban areas. Estimation of the personal exposure level to air pollutants is possible at a reliable location using the highly resolved 2-D gridded air pollution map in exposure assessment studies.

scholarly journals Assessment of Air Pollution over Baghdad City Using Fixed Annual Stations and GIS Techniques

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab B. Mohammed ◽  
Ali Abdul Khaliq Kamal ◽  
Ali S. Resheq ◽  
Waleed M. Sh. Alabdraba
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Spatial Interpolation ◽  
Nitrogen Monoxide ◽  
World Health ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Who Standards ◽  
Main Observation ◽  
Interpolation Techniques

Baghdad, considered one of the most polluted and populated cities in Iraq, waschoosen for mapping the distribution of air pollutants and the overall pollution levels by using the ArcGIS techniques. Six of main observation stations werechoosen in a particular location. Then, the recorded data from these stations were spatially interpolated using two types of ArcGIS interpolation techniques. The spatial interpolation techniques used in this work were Inverse distance weighting (IDW) and fuzzy logic. This study includes measuring the main air pollutants, which were nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxide (NOx), and nitrogen monoxide (NO) during the period from January 2018 to December 2018. The data recorded by the stations during the work period and the distribution maps of air pollutants, which resulted from spatial interpolation (IDW) method, showed that the concentration of NO2 was within the International limits of World Health Origination (WHO) which is about 0.11 ppm. SO2 concentrations were exceeding the WHO limits in all stations for the study area. The concentrations of CO ranged from 0.484 ppm to 7.027 ppm that were within acceptable limits of WHO standards that is 9 ppm. NOx concentrations ranged between 0.01506 ppm – 0.214 ppm, which were exceeding acceptable limits of WHO standards (0.01 ppm). The concentrations of NO did not exceed the WHO standard limits, which are 0.08 ppm. Finally, the fuzzsy logic method of spatial interpolation in ArcGIS was applied to evaluate the air pollution over Baghdad city.

scholarly journals A multimethodological approach to study the spatial distribution of air pollution in an Alpine valley during wintertime

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 3385-3396 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Schnitzhofer ◽  
M. Norman ◽  
A. Wisthaler ◽  
J. Vergeiner ◽  
F. Harnisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Vertical Mixing ◽  
Valley Bottom ◽  
Alpine Valley ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
Typical Day

Abstract. In order to investigate the spatial distribution of air pollutants in the Inn valley (Tyrol, Austria) during wintertime, a joint field campaign of the three research projects ALPNAP (Monitoring and Minimisation of Traffic-Induced Noise and Air Pollution Along Major Alpine Transport Routes), INNAP (Boundary Layer Structure in the Inn Valley during high Air Pollution) and INNOX (NOx-structure in the Inn Valley during High Air Pollution) was carried out in January/February 2006. In addition to continuous ground based measurements, vertical profiles of various air pollutants and meteorological parameters were obtained on six selected days. For in-situ investigations, a tethered balloon was used to analyse the lowest atmospheric layers, 0–500 m above the valley bottom (a.v.b.), and a research aircraft sampled at 150–2200 m a.v.b. An aircraft equipped with an aerosol backscatter lidar performed nadir measurements at 3000 m a.v.b. Combined results from a typical day show a strongly polluted layer up to about 125 m a.v.b. in the morning. Around midday concentrations on the valley floor decrease indicating some vertical air exchange despite thermally stable conditions. Strong vertical and horizontal gradients with enhanced pollution levels along the sunny side of the valley up to 1300 m a.v.b. were observed in the afternoon. This vertical mixing due to thermally or dynamically driven slope winds reduces the concentration of air pollutants at the bottom of the valley and causes the formation of elevated pollution layers.

scholarly journals Modeling air pollution in Beijing for the 2008 Olympic Summer Games

SURG Journal ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
Jenni Vanos
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Athletic Competition ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Very High ◽  
Ambient Levels

High levels of ambient oxidant air pollution, such as ozone, have been associated with negative health effects in elite athletes. The photochemical model OzCalc was used to calculate ozone concentrations as a function of time in Beijing for the 2008 Olympic Summer Games. By making use of the data obtained in Hastings, Ontario in August 1993, the model was adjusted for Beijing with respect to radiation geometry and ambient levels of primary air pollutants. Ozone concentrations were calculated using three scenarios: keeping pollution levels constant, a moderate success in pollution clean-up, and a high success in pollution clean-up. Results of ozone obtained with the model predicted very high levels associated with Scenario’s 1 and 2, while Scenario 3 showed acceptable levels for athletic competition, in accordance with WHO and Chinese Standards. A high NO-to-NO2 concentration ratio showed less ozone formation, which displayed the dependence of ozone on the variable levels of NO2 and NO. The level of the hydroxyl radical formation was closely related to that of ozone. The overall results suggest that Beijing will have a difficult time bringing pollution down to an acceptable level; athletes will have to deal with an added negative physiological response.

scholarly journals Influence of Meteorological Variables on Ambient Air Pollutants of a Coastal District in Eastern India

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 194-203
Author(s):  
SS Kalikinkar Mahanta ◽  
Sharada Shrinivas Patil ◽  
Bhagirathi Mahanta ◽  
Kushalindu Biswas ◽  
Rojalin Sahu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Air Pollution Index ◽  
Clean Air ◽  
Pm2.5 Concentration

The study of various air pollutants and meteorological parameters are very important for all the researchers. Baleswar was known to be a seaside Districts of Odisha which is the economic and cultural heart of Northern Odisha. The aim of this study is to measure the air pollutants, meteorological parameters and to enumerate the air pollution index at three specific sites (Sahadevkhunta, Mallikashpur, Rasalpur) according to CPCB procedures. The air pollutants analysed by supplying through specific absorbing reagents and the pollutants were analysed up to 3 year (2017, 2018 and 2019) with a regularity of thrice per week. Analyses of our data sets showing that SO2 and NO2 concentration during summer, rainy and winter season are within the prescribe standard of NAAQS by CPCB but PM10 and PM2.5 are above the prescribed standard except PM2.5 concentration of rainy season in year 2019. Air pollution index is remaining in the condition between clean air (CA) to moderate air pollution (MAP) and it shows that the pollution index in all the sites are reducing from the year 2017 to 2019 may be due to enhancing technologies to reduce the pollutant concentration in air.

Boys With Allergic Rhinitis Who Were Sensitized to Blomia tropicalis Are the Most Vulnerable to Air Pollutants

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 730-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeak-Wun Quek ◽  
Chun-Yi Chuang ◽  
Hui-Hsien Pan ◽  
Hai-Lun Sun ◽  
Ko-Huang Lue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Clinical Study ◽  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Drug Prescriptions ◽  
House Dust Mites ◽  
National Database ◽  
Blomia Tropicalis ◽  
Pollution Levels

Background Studies have confirmed the detrimental effects of air pollutants on allergic disease patients. However, individuals who are most vulnerable have not been completely identified. Methods Clinical study: During 2007 to 2011, 225 children aged 6 to 15 years with allergic rhinitis (AR) were recruited from a hospital in Taichung City, Taiwan. They were classified based on sensitivity to house dust mites, such as Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Blomia tropicalis (Bt), or Dermatophagoides microceras. Correlations between Pediatric Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (PRQLQ) scores, allergen-specific immunoglobulin E levels, and air pollution levels were evaluated. Epidemiological study: Records of 9868 children with AR who were matched for study years, age, and city of the clinical study were obtained from a national database. Correlations between clinic visits for AR, topical AR drug prescriptions, and air pollution levels were evaluated. The air pollutants included sulfur dioxide (SO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), particles <10 μm in diameter (PM10), particles <2.5 μm in diameter (PM2.5), nitric oxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nonmethane hydrocarbon (NMHC), and methane (CH4). Results Epidemiological study: CO, NO, NO2, and CH4 levels were significantly correlated with topical AR drug prescriptions in boys. However, in girls, only CH4 level was significantly correlated. Clinical study: Positive correlations between the PRQLQ score and air pollutants were noted in boys but not in girls. After adjusting for confounders, correlations between CO, PM2.5, and NO2 levels were noted in boys sensitized to Bt but not in those sensitized to other mites. Conclusion Boys with AR were more vulnerable to air pollutants than girls. Bt-sensitized boys with AR were more vulnerable to air pollutants than girls and those sensitized to other mites.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Influence of Meteorological Parameters on Ozone Concentration Levels

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.7) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Amina Nazif ◽  
Nurul Izma Mohammed ◽  
Amirhossein Malakahmad ◽  
Motasem S. Abualqumboz
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Quality Monitoring ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Air Quality Monitoring Stations ◽  
Concentration Levels

Over the years, anthropogenic activities have led to the increase in air pollution concentration levels in the atmosphere, this persistent increase in pollution levels can be influenced by meteorological parameters. These parameters assist in the formation and transportation of air pollutants in the atmosphere. Hence, this study aims at evaluating the association between meteorological parameters and air pollutants. The analysis was carried out using Ozone (O3), Particulate matter (PM10), Nitrogen dioxide (NO2), temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction data from 2006 to 2010, from two industrial air quality monitoring stations. Stepwise regression (SR) analysis was used to assess the influence of meteorological parameters in accounting for the variability of O3 concentration levels. The SR analysis showed that meteorological parameters accounted for more than 50 % of O3 variability. It can be concluded that different relationship between meteorological parameters and O3 can exist in different locations in the same region.  

Quantifying Welfare Impacts of Air Pollution in Seoul: A Two-Stage Hedonic Price Approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 1850006
Author(s):  
Myung-Jin Jun
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Welfare Loss ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Hedonic Model ◽  
Pollution Level ◽  
Hedonic Price ◽  
Air Pollution Index ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Additional Level

This study aims to measure welfare loss due to the high pollution levels of PM10 and NO2in the Seoul metropolitan area (SMA), Korea, which do not comply with the international standards, using spatial hedonic price models with apartment sales and air pollution data in 2010. The major findings were as follow: First, spatial hedonic model estimation reveals statistically significant negative signs for air pollution index for all submarkets, empirically presenting a trade-off between air pollution level and housing values. Second, the own-good quantity variable (air pollution index) has a statistically significant negative coefficient, indicating a diminishing marginal willingness to pay (MWTP) for additional level of the air pollution. Third, a worsening air quality brings about a substantial amount of welfare loss ($26.3 billion) among households residing in the SMA.

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