Influence of TMTD on Cross-Linking Degradation of the Waste Tire Rubber

2017 ◽  
Vol 732 ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Guo Liang Tao ◽  
Yan Ping Xia ◽  
Hao Ran Gen ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Crosslink Density ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Gel Content ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Waste Tire Rubber ◽  
Mooney Viscosity ◽  
Recycled Rubber ◽  
Mechanical Shearing

The paper studied the thermal mechanical shearing of waste tire rubber (WTR) by tetra methyl thiuram disulfide (TMTD), a reclaiming agent. The results showed that the mooney viscosity, gel content and crosslink density of the WTR decreased with the increasing TMTD amount. The mechanical properties of recycled rubber were best in the amount of 1% TMTD, which could reach 14MPa and 368%, respectively. The molecular weight of WTR was analyzed by gel permeation chromatorgraphy (GPC). The molecular weight of rubber dropped more faster when the content of TMTD from 0.5% to 1%. The plausible reaction mechanism of TMTD on the process of cross-linking degradation was predicted based on the changes of the mooney viscosity, gel content, crosslink density and the relation between the molecular weight and the Raman spectroscopy of the sol fraction.

scholarly journals Devulcanization of Waste Tire Rubber Using Amine Based Solvents and Ultrasonic Energy

2018 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 01007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Walvekar ◽  
Zulkefly Mohammad. Afiq ◽  
Suganti Ramarad ◽  
Siddiqui Khalid
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Amine ◽  
Primary Amine ◽  
Alternative Pathway ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Gel Content ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Rubber Recycling ◽  
Waste Tire Rubber ◽  
Recycled Rubber

This research project focuses on an alternative pathway of devulcanizing waste tire rubber by using amine based chemicals. Waste tire rubbers are known to be as toxic, non-degradable material due to their vulcanized crosslink carbon structure, and disposing of such waste could impose hazardous impacts on the environment. The current rubber recycling methods that are practiced today are rather uneconomical, non-environmentally friendly, and also producing recycled rubber with low quality due to the alteration in the main polymeric chains of waste rubber. This project aims to answer the question of whether the usage of amine can produce high quality rubber, where the properties of recycled rubber is almost the same as new/virgin rubber. With known potential of amine, it is a challenge for the chemical to selectively cleave the sulfur bonds without affecting the main carbon backbone chain in the rubber structure and diminishing much of the rubber properties. To study this research, amine-treated rubber must undergo devulcanisation process by applying heat and sonication energy. Then, the properties of the amine-treated rubber were determined through a set of characterization tests and analysis which are: gel content test to determine the weight of rubber before and after devulcanization, the thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to determine the thermal degradation and stability of rubber, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to determine any structural change of the rubber. In this research so far, the first two preliminary analysis tests have been performed. The gel content test has shown that tertiary amine samples possessed a lower gel content (%) of (77 – 63 %), compared to primary amine samples (falls within the range of 80%), as well as the TGA test in which tertiary amine samples degrade faster than primary amine samples (suggesting a higher degree of rubber structure breakdown). For each type of amine, the concertation of amine did not play a major role in affecting the degree of devulcanization (as the concentration increased, the degree of devulcanization decreased for some samples). FTIR analysis showed that only sulphur-sulphur bonds were cleaved during the devulcanization process, leaving the carbon-sulphur bonds unaffected.

scholarly journals Effects of Molecular Weight of Functionalized Liquid Butadiene Rubber as a Processing Aid on the Properties of SSBR/Silica Compounds

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 850
Author(s):  
Donghyuk Kim ◽  
Byungkyu Ahn ◽  
Kihyun Kim ◽  
JongYeop Lee ◽  
Il Jin Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Anionic Polymerization ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Crosslink Density ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Butadiene Rubber ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Mooney Viscosity ◽  
Silica Dispersion

Liquid butadiene rubber (LqBR) which used as a processing aid play a vital role in the manufacturing of high-performance tire tread compounds. However, the studies on the effect of molecular weight, microstructure, and functionalization of LqBR on the properties of compounds are still insufficient. In this study, non-functionalized and center-functionalized liquid butadiene rubbers (N-LqBR and C-LqBR modified with ethoxysilyl group, respectively) were synthesized with low vinyl content and different molecular weights using anionic polymerization. In addition, LqBR was added to the silica-filled SSBR compounds as an alternative to treated distillate aromatic extract (TDAE) oil, and the effect of molecular weight and functionalization on the properties of the silica-filled SSBR compound was examined. C-LqBR showed a low Payne effect and Mooney viscosity because of improved silica dispersion due to the ethoxysilyl functional group. Furthermore, C-LqBR showed an increased crosslink density, improved mechanical properties, and reduced organic matter extraction compared to the N-LqBR compound. LqBR reduced the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the compound significantly, thereby improving snow traction and abrasion resistance compared to TDAE oil. Furthermore, the energy loss characteristics revealed that the hysteresis loss attributable to the free chain ends of LqBR was dominant.

Melt-processable rubber: Chlorinated waste tire rubber-filled polyvinyl chloride

2002 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit K. Naskar ◽  
Anil K. Bhowmick ◽  
S. K. De
Keyword(s):  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Waste Tire Rubber

scholarly journals Fatigue Performance and Multiscale Mechanisms of Concrete Toughened by Polymers and Waste Rubber

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Chen ◽  
Liping Guo ◽  
Wei Sun
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Life ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Fatigue Performance ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Bending Fatigue ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Waste Rubber ◽  
Bonding Effect ◽  
Waste Tire Rubber

For improving bending toughness and fatigue performance of brittle cement-based composites, two types of water-soluble polymers (such as dispersible latex powder and polyvinyl alcohol powder) and waste tire-rubber powders are added to concrete as admixtures. Multiscale toughening mechanisms of these additions in concretes were comprehensively investigated. Four-point bending fatigue performance of four series concretes is conducted under a stress level of 0.70. The results show that the effects of dispersible latex powder on bending toughness and fatigue life of concrete are better than those of polyvinyl alcohol powder. Furthermore, the bending fatigue lives of concrete simultaneously containing polymers and waste rubber powders are larger than those of concrete with only one type of admixtures. The multiscale physics-chemical mechanisms show that high bonding effect and high elastic modulus of polymer films as well as good elastic property and crack-resistance of waste tire-rubber powders are beneficial for improving bending toughness and fatigue life of cementitious composites.

Application of waste tire rubber particles in non-asbestos organic brake friction composite materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 035703 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tej Singh ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Rathi ◽  
Amar Patnaik ◽  
Ranchan Chauhan ◽  
Sharafat Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Rubber Particles ◽  
Waste Tire Rubber

Composites based on sintering rice husk–waste tire rubber mixtures

2007 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 2234-2238 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. García ◽  
J. López ◽  
R. Balart ◽  
R.A. Ruseckaite ◽  
P.M. Stefani
Keyword(s):  
Rice Husk ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Waste Tire Rubber

scholarly journals Removal of Cu(II) from wastewater by waste tire rubber ash

2010 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 845-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Mousavi ◽  
Abdorrahman Hosseinifar ◽  
Vahdat Jahed
Keyword(s):  
Copper Ions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Tire Rubber ◽  
Freundlich Isotherms ◽  
Waste Tire ◽  
Waste Tire Rubber ◽  
Wastewater Samples ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Influence Of Ph

The influence of pH, adsorbent dose, initial Cu(II) concentration and contact time on the removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution by the batch adsorption technique using waste tire rubber ash as a low-cost adsorbent was investigated. The adsorption equilibrium was achieved after 2 h at pH 4-6, the optimum for the adsorption of Cu(II) ions. A dose of 1.5 g/L of adsorbent was sufficient for the optimum removal of copper ions. The experimental data were analyzed by the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms and the corresponding sorption constants were evaluated. The adsorption kinetics data were fitted by a first-order equation. The cost of removal is expected to be quite low, as the adsorbent is cheap and easily available in large quantities. The present study showed that waste tire rubber ash was capable of removing copper ions from industrial wastewater samples.

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