Synthesis of PAA-PAMPS-PNaSS Terpolymers as Ultraviolet-Tagged Scale Inhibitor for Industrial Water Cooling System

2017 ◽  
Vol 757 ◽  
pp. 68-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parinya Jitreewas ◽  
Suwicha Saengvattanarat ◽  
Phanita Tansiri ◽  
Siriporn Pranee ◽  
Sunanta Chuayprakong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Sodium Styrene Sulfonate ◽  
Scale Inhibition ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

Carboxylated polymer can be used as an anti-scaling agent in circulating water cooling systems. Poly(acrylic acid) and homopolymer have some drawbacks such as slight solubility in water and low calcium tolerance leading difficulty to determine the remaining quantity of polymer in water. This research is mainly focused on synthesis and ability of poly(acrylic acid-co-2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid) (PAA-PAMPS) for scale inhibition. These terpolymers varied in mole ratios of monomers were prepared via solution polymerization. The obtained polymers are then characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, TGA, turbidity, and UV-visible spectroscopy. For a scale inhibition test, GB/T 16632-2008 standard is applied. The scale inhibition efficiency for 100% was found in PAA-PAMPS copolymer (7:3). Afterwards this polymer was chosen for synthesizing an ultraviolet-tagged PAA-PAMPS-PNaSS terpolymer. UV-visible spectroscopy was used to monitor benzene sulfonate structure in sodium styrene sulfonate of the polymer chain at 224 nm.

Synthesis of perialkynylated tetrapyrazinoporphyrazines and its Optical Properties

2009 ◽  
Vol 2009 (5) ◽  
pp. 312-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Keun Jang ◽  
Jae Yun Jaung
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Laser Desorption ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Tof Ms ◽  
Matrix Assisted Laser ◽  
Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption

Some phthalocyanines soluble in organic solvents have been developed by peripheral introduction of substituent groups. We report a new method for preparation of the polyphenyl-substituted dicyanopyrazines based on the [2 + 4] Diels-Alder cycloaddition of the tetraphenylcyclopentadienone to an ethynyl compound. The synthesised tetrapyrazinoporphyrazinato metal complexes were characterised by UV-visible spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF-Ms (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight mass) spectroscopy, and 1H NMR spectroscopy.

Synthesis and optical properties of tetrapyrazinoporphyrazine containing phenylene dendron unit as a peripheral substituent

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 (08n09) ◽  
pp. 939-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Keun Jang ◽  
Jae Yun Jaung
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Diels Alder ◽  
Laser Desorption Ionization ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Ionization Time ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Out Of Plane ◽  
New Type ◽  
Uv Visible

A dendritic shell can create a distinct micro-environment within its core. It also has the advantage of possessing unique photochemical, photophysical, electrochemical, and catalytic properties. Polyphenylene dendrons, which are characterized by their shape-persistent structures and out-of-plane twisted phenyl components, have previously been successfully attached to various functional groups. We have recently developed a convenient method for synthesizing a new type of porphyrazine that contains both flexible (linear) and more rigid (dendritic) groups. The synthesis of this completely aromatic and dendronic structure is unique in that it is based on a [2+4] Diels-Alder cycloaddition of tetraphenylcyclopentadienone to an ethynyl compound, followed by the elimination of carbon monoxide. In this study, tetrapyrazinoporphyrazinato metal and metal-free complexes were prepared by mixing 2,3-dicyano-5-polyphenylpyrazines with magnesium in n-butanol. The synthesized tetrapyrazinoporphyrazines were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF-MS (matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass) spectrometry, elemental analysis and 1 H NMR spectroscopy.

scholarly journals THE RESEARCH OF CIRCULATION WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM OF POWER UNIT OF THERMAL POWER PLANT WITH HELLER COOLING TOWER

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Mykola Bosak ◽  
◽  
Oleksandr Hvozdetskyi ◽  
Bohdan Pitsyshyn ◽  
Serhii Vdovychuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Power Unit ◽  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Water Cooling ◽  
Pressure Losses ◽  
Circulating Water ◽  
Water Cooling System

Analytical hydraulic researches of the circulating water cooling system of the power unit of a thermal power plant with Heller cooling tower have been performed. Analytical studies were performed on the basis of experimental data obtained during the start-up tests of the circulating water cooling system of the “Hrazdan-5” power unit with a capacity of 300 MW. Studies of the circulating water cooling system were carried out at an electric power of the power unit of 200 - 299 MW, with a thermal load of 320 - 396 Gcal/hr. By circulating pumps (CP), water mixed with condensate is fed to the cooling tower, from where it is returned through the turbine for spraying by nozzles in the turbine steam condenser. An attempt to increase the water supply to the condenser by increasing the size of the nozzles did not give the expected results. The amount of the water supply to the circulating pumping station depends on the pressure loss in the circulating water cooling system. The highest pressure losses are in hydro turbines (HT), which are part of the circulating pumping station. Therefore, by adjusting the load of the hydro turbine, with a decrease in water pressure losses, you can increase the water supply by circulating pumps to the condenser. Experimental data and theoretical dependences were used to calculate the changed hydraulic characteristics of the circulating water cooling system. As a result of reducing the pressure losses in the section of the hydro turbine from 1.04 to 0.15 kgf/cm2, the dictating point for the pressure of circulating pumping station will be the turbine steam condenser. The thermal power plant cooling tower is designed to service two power units. Activation of the peak cooler sectors of the cooling tower gives a reduction of the cooled water temperature by 2-4 °С only with the spraying system.

Poly(acrylic acid-sodium styrene sulfonate) organogels: Preparation, characterization, and alcohol superabsorbency

2010 ◽  
Vol 119 (5) ◽  
pp. 2759-2769 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kabiri ◽  
A. Azizi ◽  
M. J. Zohuriaan-Mehr ◽  
G. Bagheri Marandi ◽  
H. Bouhendi
Keyword(s):  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Styrene Sulfonate ◽  
Sodium Styrene Sulfonate ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

scholarly journals Preparation, Spectroscopy, Physicochemical Properties and X-ray Structure Analysis of 3,4,5-TrimethoxyN(2-hydroxybenzylidene) aniline

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1103-1108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kodjo Charles Guillaume ◽  
Zabri Herve ◽  
Benie Anoubile ◽  
Estienne Jacques
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectroscopy ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Electronic Spectroscopy ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
Compound A ◽  
X Ray ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Single Crystal Analysis

3,4,5-TrimethoxyN-(salicylidene) aniline was synthesized and characterized by IR spectroscopy,1H NMR and x-ray single crystal analysis. UV-visible spectroscopy was used for physicochemical tests. X-ray data reveals that the crystalline network cohesion of this compound is essentially assured by CH/pi type hydrogen bounds. It crystallized in the orthorhombic Pbcn space group. Electronic spectroscopy shows that the title compound doesn't present photochromic property but thermochromic one. Intermolecular interactions analysis confirms for this compound a thermochromic structural predisposition.

Effect of Poly(Acrylic Acid) Based Polymer Flocculants on Sedimentation of Surface Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 990 ◽  
pp. 168-172
Author(s):  
Supa Sunthornvatin ◽  
Siriporn Pranee ◽  
Samitthichai Seeyangnok
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Absorption Frequency ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Coagulation And Flocculation ◽  
Inorganic Substances ◽  
Proton Resonances ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

In most scenarios, there tend to have some impurities such as organic and inorganic substances found on the surface water. These impurities can be classified as insoluble and soluble compounds which in turn, can be purified by filtration and sedimentation prior used. Calcium carbonate (CaCO3), is one of the most contaminated compounds on surface water, mainly causes severe damage to industrial parts. Therefore, CaCO3 need immediate removal from raw water before applied to an unit operation by coagulation and flocculation. We mainly focused on precipitation of synthetic water and raw water with polyaluminium chloride (PAC) and synthetic polymer flocculants in this research study. The synthetic flocculants of Polyacrylic acid (PAA), Polyacrylamide (PAM) and Poly (acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) (PAAAM) by free radical polymerization in aqueous. The PAAAM is synthesized in various mole ratio of acrylic acid and acrylamide of 9:1 to 5:5. The polymer flocculants are characterized by FT-IR and 1H-NMR techniques. The FTIR spectra of the sample showed absorption frequency above HYPERLINK "tel:3200-3000" \t "_blank" 3200-3000, 1750-1550 and 1650-1500 corresponding to OH and CO stretching and NH bending respectively. The 1H-NMR spectra of PAM showed chemical shift at 1.50, 2.10 and 4.20 ppm regarding to proton of methyl, methylene and amide group respectively and the present of proton resonances at 1.50 and 2.30 ppm regarding to proton of methyl and methylene of PAA. The removal efficiency of suspended CaCO3 is measured and calculated via turbidity technique. The dosage of PAC 0.1 ppm can remove suspended CaCO3 approximately 65.33% after the PAAAM with mole ratio of 8:2 is applied to system lead to the removal efficiency increasing to 99.03%.

Polymers containing amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) groups for scale inhibition

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nesrin Köken
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Acrylic Acid ◽  
Phosphonic Acid ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Scale Inhibition ◽  
Amine Groups ◽  
Allyl Amine ◽  
Phosphonic Acid Groups ◽  
Poly Acrylic Acid

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to prepare poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid]s by two different routes. In the first route, poly(allyl amine-ran-acrylic acid)s were produced by radical copolymerization of a mixture of ally amine and acrylic acid, then converted into poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid]s by the Mannich reaction with a mixture of formaldehyde and phosphonic acid. In the second route, allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) monomer was synthesized and copolymerised with acrylic acid. The aim of this work is to produce low-molecular-weight copolymer with the low amount of nitrogen and phosphorous having better scale inhibiting performance than commercial low-molecular-weight poly(acrylic acid)s. Design/methodology/approach Poly(allyl amine-ran-acrylic acid)s were prepared by radical copolymerisation of a mixture of ally amine and acrylic acid, and the molecular weight of copolymers was regulated by using an effective chain transfer compound and the formed copolymer was reacted with a mixture of formaldehyde and phosphorous acid. Allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) monomer was prepared and then copolymerised with acrylic acid using radical initiators. Findings Poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid] produced with both routes, especially low-molecular weight ones have better anti-scaling performance than low-molecular-weight commercial poly(acrylic acid). Research limitations/implications By using an excess of formaldehyde and phosphonic acid, a limited increase in the conversion of amine groups of poly(allyl amine-ran-acrylic acid) to amino methylene phosphonic acid groups was achieved, so unreacted amine groups were always present in the structure of the final copolymers. Practical implications The low-molecular-weight poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid] may be used as a better anti-scaling polymer in industry. Social implications The low-molecular-weight poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid] is an alternative polymer for scale inhibition in the water boilers. Originality/value The low-molecular-weight poly[allyl amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid)-ran-acrylic acid] copolymers containing both carboxylic acid and amino bis(methylene phosphonic acid) are more effective anti-scaling additives than poly(acrylic acid)s in water boilers.

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