scholarly journals Fabrication of Silver-Nanowire/PVDF Self-Supporting Thin Flexible Electrode Membranes

2021 ◽  
Vol 1016 ◽  
pp. 1272-1279
Author(s):  
Chahrazad Benbalit ◽  
Olivera Scheuber ◽  
Eleonora Frau ◽  
Silvia Schintke
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Silver Nanowire ◽  
Membrane Electrodes ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Nanofiber Membrane ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Thin Polymer

Flexible electrodes play an increasing role for medical applications, such as ECG (electrocardiography) or TENS (Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation) due to comfort in use and thus their suitability for health monitoring under movement and during sport. Polymers, such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), are promising for the development of fabrication methods and materials for such application cases, as stable flexible thin polymer membranes can be produced at large scale. We have compared different up-scalable fabrication techniques of thin electrode membranes based on PVDF as a function of silver nanowire concentration, using electrospinning, spincoating, and drop-casting techniques. The produced thin films and membranes and thin films were investigated by electrical four-point probing, optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, as well as by stability tests under bending, and water exposure. We show, that a combination of electrospinning and spin-coating presents a reliable method for the fabrication of AgNW-PVDF based flexible nanofiber membrane electrodes (NMEs). Our nanofiber membrane electrodes (NMEs) exhibit a 10 times lower sheet resistance than AgNW-PVDF thin film electrodes (TFEs) produced for comparisons by a combination of spincoating and drop-casting using the same amounts of AgNWs. Upon immersion in water for up to 48 hours, we do not detect any nanowire release or decomposition of the fabricated electrodes, which is promising in view of application of the AgNW-PVDF composite electrodes in humid environment.

scholarly journals Self-assembled ordered structures in thin films of HAT5 discotic liquid crystal

2010 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Morales ◽  
Jan Lagerwall ◽  
Paolo Vacca ◽  
Sabine Laschat ◽  
Giusy Scalia
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Liquid Crystal ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Ordered Structures ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Discotic Liquid Crystal ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Nematic State ◽  
Solvent Evaporation Process

Thin films of the discotic liquid crystal hexapentyloxytriphenylene (HAT5), prepared from solution via casting or spin-coating, were investigated by atomic force microscopy and polarizing optical microscopy, revealing large-scale ordered structures substantially different from those typically observed in standard samples of the same material. Thin and very long fibrils of planar-aligned liquid crystal were found, possibly formed as a result of an intermediate lyotropic nematic state arising during the solvent evaporation process. Moreover, in sufficiently thin films the crystallization seems to be suppressed, extending the uniform order of the liquid crystal phase down to room temperature. This should be compared to the bulk situation, where the same material crystallizes into a polymorphic structure at 68 °C.

Atomic force microscopy of in situ deformed nickel thin films

1999 ◽  
Vol 353 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 194-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Coupeau ◽  
J.F. Naud ◽  
F. Cleymand ◽  
P. Goudeau ◽  
J. Grilhé
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Nickel Thin Films ◽  
Atomic Force

scholarly journals Topological, chemical and electro-optical characteristics of riboflavin-doped artificial and natural DNA thin films

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 171179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bramaramba Gnapareddy ◽  
Sreekantha Reddy Dugasani ◽  
Junyoung Son ◽  
Sung Ha Park
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Photonic Devices ◽  
Uv Absorption ◽  
Optical Characteristics ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Functionalized Nanomaterials ◽  
Amorphous Structures ◽  
The Fourier Transform ◽  
Immense Potential

DNA is considered as a useful building bio-material, and it serves as an efficient template to align functionalized nanomaterials. Riboflavin (RF)-doped synthetic double-crossover DNA (DX-DNA) lattices and natural salmon DNA (SDNA) thin films were constructed using substrate-assisted growth and drop-casting methods, respectively, and their topological, chemical and electro-optical characteristics were evaluated. The critical doping concentrations of RF ([RF] C , approx. 5 mM) at given concentrations of DX-DNA and SDNA were obtained by observing the phase transition (from crystalline to amorphous structures) of DX-DNA and precipitation of SDNA in solution above [RF] C . [RF] C are verified by analysing the atomic force microscopy images for DX-DNA and current, absorbance and photoluminescence (PL) for SDNA. We study the physical characteristics of RF-embedded SDNA thin films, using the Fourier transform infrared spectrum to understand the interaction between the RF and DNA molecules, current to evaluate the conductance, absorption to understand the RF binding to the DNA and PL to analyse the energy transfer between the RF and DNA. The current and UV absorption band of SDNA thin films decrease up to [RF] C followed by an increase above [RF] C . By contrast, the PL intensity illustrates the reverse trend, as compared to the current and UV absorption behaviour as a function of the varying [RF]. Owing to the intense PL characteristic of RF, the DNA lattices and thin films with RF might offer immense potential to develop efficient bio-sensors and useful bio-photonic devices.

Nanocrystalline Solutions as Precursors to The Spray Deposition of Cdte Thin Films

1995 ◽  
Vol 382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Pehnt ◽  
Douglas L. Schulz ◽  
Calvin J. Curtis ◽  
Helio R. Moutinho ◽  
Amy Swartzlander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Atomic Force Microscopy ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Cdte Nanoparticles ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Cdte Thin Films

ABSTRACTIn this article we report the first nanoparticle-derived route to smooth, dense, phase-pure CdTe thin films. Capped CdTe nanoparticles were prepared by injection of a mixture of Cd(CH3)2, (n-C8H17)3 PTe and (n-C8H17)3P into (n-C8H17)3PO at elevated temperatures. The resultant nanoparticles 32-45 Å in diameter were characterized by x-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. CdTe thin film deposition was accomplished by dissolving CdTe nanoparticles in butanol and then spraying the solution onto SnO2-coated glass substrates at variable susceptor temperatures. Smooth and dense CdTe thin films were obtained using growth temperatures approximately 200 °C less than conventional spray pyrolysis approaches. CdTe films were characterized by x-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Auger electron spectroscopy. An increase in crystallinity and average grain size as determined by x-ray diffraction was noted as growth temperature was increased from 240 to 300 °C. This temperature dependence of film grain size was further confirmed by atomic force microscopy with no remnant nanocrystalline morphological features detected. UV-Vis characterization of the CdTe thin films revealed a gradual decrease of the band gap (i.e., elimination of nanocrystalline CdTe phase) as the growth temperature was increased with bulk CdTe optical properties observed for films grown at 300 °C.

Studies of Nanomechanical Properties of Pulsed Laser Deposited NbN films on Si Using Nanoindentation

2012 ◽  
Vol 1424 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Mamun ◽  
A. H. Farha ◽  
Y. Ufuktepe ◽  
H. E. Elsayed-Ali ◽  
A. A. Elmustafa
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Pulsed Laser ◽  
Niobium Nitride ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Si Substrate ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Pile Up ◽  
Average Modulus

ABSTRACTNanomechanical and structural properties of pulsed laser deposited niobium nitride thin films were investigated using X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, and nanoindentation. NbN film reveals cubic δ-NbN structure with the corresponding diffraction peaks from the (111), (200), and (220) planes. The NbN thin films depict highly granular structure, with a wide range of grain sizes that range from 15-40 nm with an average surface roughness of 6 nm. The average modulus of the film is 420±60 GPa, whereas for the substrate the average modulus is 180 GPa, which is considered higher than the average modulus for Si reported in the literature due to pile-up. The hardness of the film increases from an average of 12 GPa for deep indents (Si substrate) measured using XP CSM and load control (LC) modes to an average of 25 GPa measured using the DCM II head in CSM and LC modules. The average hardness of the Si substrate is 12 GPa.

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