Pemanfaatan Jerami Padi Sebagai Bioplastik Dengan Menggunakan Metode Perlakuan Pelarut Organik

Jerami padi memilki kandungan selulosa yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan bioplastik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mensintesis bioplastik dari bahan baku jerami padi menggunakan perlakuan pelarut organik serta menganalisis pengaruh rasio massa pati dengan selulosa karakteristik produk bioplastik. Proses delignifikasi jerami menggunakan larutan etanol 5% dan 35% pada suhu 80oC selama dua jam. Bioplastik dibuat dengan rasio massa pati dengan selulosa sebesar 1:0,5; 1:1; dan 1:1,5. Karakterisasi menggunakan metode SEM, XRD, TG-DTA, uji tarik, uji transmisi uap, serta uji degradasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proses delignifikasi menggunakan etanol menyebabkan peningkatan kadar selulosa serta kristalinitas jerami. Morfologi bioplastik menunjukkan permukaan yang tidak rata serta terdapat bagian matriks yang terpisah dengan fiber. Hasil TG-DTA menunjukkan pengurangan massa bioplastik sebesar 81,01% pada suhu 550oC. Hasil kuat tarik terbaik pada bioplastik yang dibuat dengan rasio massa pati dengan selulosa 1:0,5 pada konsentrasi delignifikasi etanol 35%. Nilai kuat tarik yang diperoleh sebesar 8,773 Mpa. Pengujian degradasi bioplastik dilakukan selama 10 hari diperoleh nilai % degradasi terbesar bioplastik adalah sebesar 99,9%. Rice straw contains cellulose which can be used as raw material for making bioplastics. This study aims to synthesize bioplastics from rice straw using organic solvent treatment and analyze the effect of the mass ratio of starch to cellulose on the characteristics of bioplastic products. The straw delignification process used 5% and 35% ethanol solution at 80oC for two hours. Bioplastics are made with a mass ratio of starch to cellulose of 1:0.5; 1:1; and 1:1.5. Characterization using SEM, XRD, TG-DTA methods, tensile test, vapour transmission test, and degradation test. The results showed that the delignification process using ethanol caused an increase in cellulose content and straw crystallinity. The morphology of the bioplastic shows an uneven surface and there are parts of the matrix that are separated from the fiber. The results of TG-DTA showed a reduction the mass of bioplastic by 81.01% at a temperature of 550oC. The best tensile strength results in bioplastics made with a mass ratio of starch to cellulose 1:0.5 at a delignification concentration of 35% ethanol. The tensile strength value obtained was 8,773 Mpa. The bioplastic degradation test was carried out for 10 days and the largest percentage of bioplastic degradation was 99.9%.

Synthesis of CNS, ZnO/CNS and ZnCnO4/CNS composites from patchouli biomass by using microwave for remediation of pesticide contaminated surface water in paddy field

Patchouli biomass is a potential precursor for CNS synthesis. In this research, the patchouli was pyrolyzed using the microwave. The purpose of this research is to study the effect of microwave energy and activator toward physicochemistry of CNS and composite (ZnO/CNS) and application of ZnCr2O4/CNS for the pesticide polluted surface water remediation in paddy field. In the process, the biomass was pyrolyzed at four and 8W with and without the ZnCl2 activator. The products were blended and evaporated to obtain CNS and ZnO/CNS. The products were characterized using FTIR spectrometry, XRD, and dispersion test. The composites were used to synthesize ZnCr2O4/CNS at 600W in the microwave. The composites were used for buthylphenylmethyl carbamate pesticide degradation test (BPMC) for 48 h with H2O2 oxidation. The FTIR spectra indicated better carbonization for products taken using an activator at both microwave energies. The X-ray diffractograms showed the turbostratic structure of carbon obtained at 4W pyrolysis (with activator), meanwhile 8W pyrolysis (without activator). ZnO and turbostratic carbon structures were shown by the product of 8W pyrolisis with activator. The calcined composite indicated ZnCr2O4/CNS. The degradation test showed that ZnCr2O4/CNS(8W) catalyst decreased the BMPC concentration almost three times that of the composite (4W).

Research on DC-DC power health management technology based on degradation test and deep learning

The health state of DC-DC power supply is the key factor to determine whether the electronic equipment can operate normally. The failure and deterioration of the power supply system will lead to the collapse of the entire electronic system. The research in this paper is based on the long-term high temperature degradation test data of a certain type of DC-DC power supply. The degradation law of power supply is studied by data preprocessing and noise reduction of sensitive parameters such as input current, output current, input voltage and output voltage. On this basis, we use the method of deep learning to model the efficiency of power supply in the process of degradation test. The experimental results show that the efficiency time series modeling of power supply degradation using LSTM method can effectively reflect the law of power supply efficiency degradation. Based on the DC-DC power health management technology combining degradation test and deep learning, the advanced fault prediction model is used to reflect the change law of power supply in the real degradation process. This method has certain theoretical and engineering value for power PHM modeling and application.

Influence of accelerated aging on bending strength of particleboards

Particleboards are used in the manufacture of furniture, as well as the furnishing of structures and prefabricated homes. Their quality dictates where they can be used and how long they can last. The boards’ characteristics deteriorate as they are used. To examine the change-degradation of the properties of the boards are exposed to the effects of the external climate (rain, snow, wind, sun) or regimes of accelerated aging. For this purpose, a degradation test of the properties of wood-based panels was performed, which aims to create a model that will describe the change in bending strength of the mentioned panels. The paper presents the results of bending strength and thickness swelling tests of 16 mm thick particleboards that were exposed to accelerated aging regimes, and the basic model of property degradation.