Treatment of Real Wastewater from Organic Contaminants by Using Biochar

2021 ◽  
Vol 1038 ◽  
pp. 258-265
Author(s):  
Edita Baltrėnaitė-Gedienė ◽  
Valentyna Iurchenko ◽  
Elena Lebedeva ◽  
Oksana Melnikova ◽  
Natalia Kosenko
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Paper Mill ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Surface Functionality ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Paper Mill Wastewater ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

In a number of water use schemes (water and wastewater treatment), physicochemical treatment methods, in particular adsorption, have been successfully used. However, widespread adoption of these methods is hindered by the high cost of sorbents. One of the promising solutions to these problem of sorption treatment is the use of biochar. Due to its high specific surface area, well-developed porous structure, and surface functionality, biochar has been used as inexpensive adsorbent. The purpose of the laboratory experiments is to determine the sorption properties of biochar obtained from pine – sorption capacity, sorption rate, and purification effect – while removing organic contaminants from real paper mill wastewater. The sorption properties of biochar were studied under static and dynamic conditions, varying the size of the fractions, and processing time. The sorption characteristics of biochar of all the studied fractions were established and it was shown that the most effective sorbent in removing organic contaminants is the 1-biochar’s fraction of (sorption capacity of 11.9 mg of COD per of sorbent). The data obtained enable theoretically substantiate the presence of certain functional groups on the surface of the researched biochar, as well as to develop technological regimes for the treatment of natural and waste waters of a certain composition with its help.

Photocatalysis (TiO2/Solar) in Water and Wastewater Treatment

2019 ◽  
pp. 171-199
Author(s):  
Nurul Aiin Ab Aziz ◽  
Puganeshwary Palaniandy
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Advanced Oxidation ◽  
Heterogeneous Photocatalysis ◽  
Complete Oxidation ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Oxidation Processes ◽  
Process Characteristics ◽  
Water And Wastewater

Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have gained growing importance for the removal of organic pollutants from water. Heterogeneous photocatalysis has been rapidly expanding for water treatment. This approach has economic and sustainability advantages compared with other processes. The main advantage of this process is its capability to gain complete oxidation or mineralization of organic contaminants at conditions of near ambient temperature and pressure. This chapter aims to review the mechanism involved in this process, characteristics of semiconductor photocatalyst, difference between suspended and immobilized photocatalyst system, comparison between the use of natural sunlight and commercial lamp, also the reactor involved. Potential advantages and limitations, as well as the application of photocatalysis in water and wastewater are also discussed.

scholarly journals Synthesis of composite nanostructure natural ZrO2 and magnetite particles (Fe3O4@ZrO2) and study of its lead ion adsorption efficiency

2022 ◽  
Vol 1212 (1) ◽  
pp. 012016
Author(s):  
C Irawan ◽  
M D Putra ◽  
I F Nata ◽  
M F Refki ◽  
R Hidayat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Value ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
Advanced Materials ◽  
Lead Ion ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Magnetite Particles ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Zircon Mineral ◽  
Hydrothermal Methods

Abstract The potential of zircon minerals in Indonesia, especially in Central Kalimantan, has not been adequately explored and developed into valuable materials with high technical and economic value and environmentally friendly. This research has the potential to be processed and formed into advanced materials, seeing its high potential as an excellent adsorbent for anions/cations in water treatment and industrial wastewater. This research aims to develop raw zircon minerals into zircon oxides, which will later be composited with magnetic nanoparticles. The zircon mineral processing is carried out using hydrothermal methods. It is known that the physical and mechanical characteristics are suitable to be developed by having good reusability and durability as advanced materials. The adsorbent characterizations of FTIR, SEM, and XRF analysis showed that the Fe3O4@ZrO2 had many different functional groups and a high specific surface area for adsorption processes. The Fe3O4@ZrO2 showed high adsorption uptake capacity and selectivity for the lead in the Sasirangan textiles wastewater. Therefore, the Fe3O4@ZrO2 have the potential to be used as an adsorbent in water and wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Overview of Photocatalytic Membrane Reactors in Organic Synthesis, Energy Storage and Environmental Applications

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaele Molinari ◽  
Cristina Lavorato ◽  
Pietro Argurio ◽  
Kacper Szymański ◽  
Dominika Darowna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Synthesis ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Membrane Reactors ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Visible Light Active ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Harsh Conditions

This paper presents an overview of recent reports on photocatalytic membrane reactors (PMRs) in organic synthesis as well as water and wastewater treatment. A brief introduction to slurry PMRs and the systems equipped with photocatalytic membranes (PMs) is given. The methods of PM production are also presented. Moreover, the process parameters affecting the performance of PMRs are characterized. The applications of PMRs in organic synthesis are discussed, including photocatalytic conversion of CO2, synthesis of KA oil by photocatalytic oxidation, conversion of acetophenone to phenylethanol, synthesis of vanillin and phenol, as well as hydrogen production. Furthermore, the configurations and applications of PMRs for removal of organic contaminants from model solutions, natural water and municipal or industrial wastewater are described. It was concluded that PMRs represent a promising green technology; however, before the application in industry, additional studies are still required. These should be aimed at improvement of process efficiency, mainly by development and application of visible light active photocatalysts and novel membranes resistant to the harsh conditions prevailing in these systems.

Природные материалы для сорбционной очистки хром- и кадмийсодержащих инфильтратов полигонов ТБО

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
A. Safonov ◽  
N. Andriushchenko ◽  
N. Popova ◽  
K. Boldyrev
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Solid Waste Landfills ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

Проведен анализ сорбционных характеристик природных материалов (вермикулит, керамзит, перлит, цеолит Трейд ) при очистке кадмий- и хромсодержащих сточных вод с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК. Установлено, что цеолит обладает максимальными сорбционными характеристиками для Cd и Cr и наименьшим биологическим обрастанием. При использовании вермикулита и керамзита или смесей на их основе можно ожидать увеличения сорбционной емкости для Cd и Сr при микробном обрастании, неизбежно происходящем в условиях контакта с водами, загрязненными органическими соединениями и биогенами. При этом биообрастание может повысить иммобилизационную способность материалов для редоксзависимых металлов за счет ферментативных ресурсов бактериальных клеток, использующих их в качестве акцепторов электронов. Эффект микробного обрастания разнонаправленно изменял параметры материалов: для Cr в большинстве случаев уменьшение и для Cd значительное увеличение. При этом дополнительным эффектом иммобилизации Cr является его биологическое восстановление биопленками. Варьируя состав сорбционного материала, можно подбирать смеси, оптимально подходящие для очистки вод инфильтратов с полигонов твердых бытовых отходов с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК и биогенным элементам как при использовании in situ, так и в системах на поверхности.The analysis of the sorption characteristics of natural materials (vermiculite, expanded clay, perlite, Trade zeolite) during the purification of cadmium and chromium-containing leachate with a high COD load was carried out. It was determined that zeolite had the maximum sorption capacity for Cd and Cr and the lowest biological fouling. When using vermiculite and expanded clay or mixtures on their basis, one can expect an increase in the sorption capacity for Cd and Cr during microbial fouling that inevitably occurs during contacting with water polluted with organic compounds and nutrients. In this case biofouling can increase the immobilization properties of materials for redox-dependent metals due to the enzymatic resources of bacterial cells that use them as electron acceptors. The effect of microbial fouling changed the parameters of materials in different directions: for Cr, in most cases, downward, and for Cd, significantly upward. Moreover, chromium biological recovery by biofilms is an additional effect of immobilization. Varying the composition of the sorption material provides for selecting mixtures that are optimally suitable for the purification of leachates from solid waste landfills with high COD and nutrients load, both when used in situ and in surface systems.

Chemical Water and Wastewater Treatment VIII

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (0) ◽  
pp. 9781780402840-9781780402840
Author(s):  
H. Hahn ◽  
E. Hoffman ◽  
H. Odegaard
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Chemical Water

Water and Wastewater Treatment for a Small Island Resort

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-193 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rigden
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Rotating Biological Contactor ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Operational Data ◽  
Reverse Osmosis Desalination

The design of a reverse osmosis desalination unit and a rotating biological contactor for water and wastewater treatment for a small island resort is described. Some operational data are presented and recommendations for design flows and loadings are made.

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