sorption material
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2021 ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
Karina Il'darovna Shaykhiyeva ◽  
Sergey Vladimirovich Fridland ◽  
Svetlana Vasil'yevna Sverguzova

Was reported literature findings of domestic and foreign articles about using of biomass components (leaves, straw, pods, seeds) and wastes of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) and peas (Pisum sativum) pods shells processing as sorption material for pollutants (metals ions, colorants) removing from water environments. Concise literature findings about Pisum sativum and Phaseolus vulgaris plant structure, cultivation value, and chemical composition of some biomass components are described. Was revealed that composition of beans and peas pods has big amount of proteins, that can provide removing of metals ions such as (Cd(II), Co(II), Cr(III) и Cr(VI), Cu(II), Fe(III), Mo(VI), Ni(II), Pb(II), Sb(III) и Sb(V), Zn(II)) from water environments. Was showed  the possibility of sorption characteristics increase for pollutants by Phaseolus vulgaris and Pisum sativum biomass treatment with different chemical reagents. Was revealed that pollutants sorption isotherms of wastes and biomass of considered legumes are described mostly by Langmuir model than by Freundlich model. The kinetic of process mostly match to pseudo-second order model. It is shown that using of seeds and pods shells of legumes is prospectively for removing of heavy metals ions and suspended particles from water. Was proposed to use charcoal, which was gotten by peas pods carbonization for removing of heavy metals ions from water environments. Concluded, that using of legumes pods extracts is more effective for clearing water environments from heavy metals ions.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsiana Shalima ◽  
Kamini A. Mishra ◽  
Sandra Kaabel ◽  
Lukas Ustrnul ◽  
Simona Bartkova ◽  
...  

Solid-phase extraction that utilizes selective macrocyclic receptors can serve as a useful tool for removal of chemical wastes. Hemicucurbiturils are known to form inclusion complexes with suitably sized anions; however, their use in selective binding of non-charged species is still very limited. In this study, we found that cyclohexanohemicucurbit[8]uril encapsulates five- and six-membered sulfur- and oxygen-containing unsubstituted heterocycles, which is investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry, and thermogravimetry. The macrocycle acts as a promising selective sorption material for the extraction of sulfur heterocycles, such as 1,3-dithiolane and α-lipoic acid, from water.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 12311
Author(s):  
Edward Hingha Foday Jr ◽  
Bai Bo ◽  
Xiaohui Xu

Heavy metal contamination affects lives with concomitant environmental pollution, and seaweed has emerged as a remedy with the ability to save the ecosystem, due to its eco-friendliness, affordability, availability, and effective metal ion removal rate. Heavy metals are intrinsic toxicants that are known to induce damage to multiple organs, especially when subjected to excess exposure. With respect to these growing concerns, this review presents the preferred sorption material among the many natural sorption materials. The use of seaweeds to treat contaminated solutions has demonstrated outstanding results when compared to other materials. The sorption of metal ions using dead seaweed biomass offers a comparative advantage over other natural sorption materials. This article summarizes the impact of heavy metals on the environment, and why dead seaweed biomass is regarded as the leading remediation material among the available materials. This article also showcases the biosorption mechanism of dead seaweed biomass and its effectiveness as a useful, cheap, and affordable bioremediation material.


Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3101
Author(s):  
Olga Cheremisina ◽  
Tatiana Litvinova ◽  
Vasiliy Sergeev ◽  
Maria Ponomareva ◽  
Julia Mashukova

The effective purification of large-capacity wastewater from heavy non-ferrous metals and organic pollutants using inexpensive sorption technology remains a crucial task. Analyzing the current objectives of sustainable development, biochar obtained from chicken manure has prospects as a source for sorption purification of industrial wastewater. To determine the characteristics of organic material and the composition of the initial and equilibrium phases, the following analysis methods were used: volumetric, complexometric, pH-metric, X-ray fluorescence, chromatographic, spectrophotometric, luminescence-photometric and X-ray diffraction. The thermal nitrogen desorption method was used for determining the specific surface area and pore sizes with the Quantachrome Nova 1000e automatic analyzer. The sorption properties of the reprocessing product of the fresh poultry manure were investigated in relation to organic and inorganic compounds: phenols, benzene, ketones, cations of lead, mercury, manganese and iron. Based on the results obtained, technical conditions were developed for the use of the reprocessed organic waste-based product as a sorption material for household, industrial and technological wastewater purification from organic and inorganic components.


2021 ◽  
Vol 900 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
J Ilavský ◽  
D Barloková ◽  
M. Marton

Abstract Pesticides are intensively used for the protection of field crops, orchards and vineyards, but they are also used in the removal of undesirable stands on non-agricultural land (railway embankments, playgrounds, handling areas, etc.), in water management (in coastal management, destruction of growths in irrigation canals), in forestry, etc. Regular application of pesticides increases their content in the aquatic environment and agricultural products. Their occurrence in water is relatively common and it follows that these substances are used in large quantities. Residues of these substances can persist in soils for 2 to 12 weeks. Due to their good solubility in water, they are easily transported from the soil to aquifers. Several methods can be used to remove pesticides from water, e.g., coagulation, filtration, precipitation, ozonation, adsorption, ion exchange, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis and advanced oxidation processes. Their effectiveness varies considerably and depends mainly on the chemical nature of the pesticide being removed. This article studies adsorption on two granular activated carbons Filtrasorb 400 and Norit 1240. Mixture of the pesticide standards (acetochlor, alachlor, dimethachlor, propachlor, metazachlor and metolachlor) was added to drinking water with concentration of approximately 1 µg/L. The experiments were performed in the glass bottles with the volume of 200 mL of water. The granular activated carbons (200 mg) were added to the bottles. Subsequently these bottles were regularly stirred, and the samples were taken out at times 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, 240 and 360 minutes. Samples were taken by pipette into the 40 ml glass vials with added thiosulphate for preservation. Analyses of target pesticides were performed in laboratories of ALS Czech Republic in Prague. LC-MS using the internal standard method was used to determine chlorinated pesticides in water samples. The adsorption efficiency of pesticides removal and the adsorption capacity of granular activated carbon depends on the time of contact of water with the material. The results showed that the efficiency of selected pesticides removal and adsorption capacity for two granular activated carbons used varied. Filtrasorb F400 proved to be a better sorption material than Norit 1240. The efficiency of this material ranged from 18 to 60%, while the efficiency of Norit 1240 was significantly lower. Adsorption capacity of activated carbons for selected pesticides and reaction kinetics of 0th, 1st, 2nd and 3rd order was also studied.


2021 ◽  
pp. 39-54
Author(s):  
Il'dar Gil'manovich Shaikhiev ◽  
Karina Il'darovna Shaikhieva ◽  
Svetlana Vasil'yevna Sverguzova ◽  
Yuriy Alekseyevich Vinogradenko

A review of the literature data on the use of biomass components of apricot trees (Prunusarmeniaca) as a sorption material for the extraction of various pollutants from waste and natural waters is carried out. The parameters of the sorption interaction at which the highest degree of removal of pollutants is achieved are given. It has been shown that it is possible to increase the sorption capacity of apricot biomass components by modifying it with various chemical reagents. It has been determined that the most studied sorption material is the shell of apricot kernels. It is determined that the largest number of publications is devoted to the use of the latter as raw materials for the production of activated carbons. It was revealed that the surface area and the total pore volume of activated carbons from the kernels of apricot fruits depend on the modes of carbonization and activation of raw materials. It is shown that activated carbons are effective sorbents for removing various pollutants (metal ions, dyes, oil and oil products) from aqueous media. It was found that the adsorption isotherms of pollutants are most adequately described in most cases by the Langmuir and Freundlich models, and the kinetics of the process is most often described by the pseudo-second order model.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 3173-3185

The paper summarizes the literature data on the use of onion (Allium cepa) processing waste as sorption materials to remove various pollutants (metal ions, dyes, antibiotics) from aqueous media. It provides brief literature data on the structure, volume of cultivation, and chemical composition of some components of onion biomass. It was found that onions contain many amino acids, vitamins, polyphenolic compounds, and other biologically active compounds that have various functional groups in their composition. This contributes to the removal of various metal ions (Ca2+, Cd2+, Cr(VI), Cu2+, Hg2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, Zn2+) from aqueous media with native and modified onion processing waste (onion skin). The work shows the possibility of increasing the sorption characteristics of pollutants by treating the Allium cepa biomass with various chemical reagents. It was found that the pollutant adsorption isotherms on onion skin are most often more accurately described by the Langmuir and Freundlich models, less often by other models. The kinetics of the process predominantly corresponds to the pseudo-second-order model. It was shown that the use of onion skin extracts modified with various chemical compounds is promising for removing heavy metal ions. The work also shows the possibility of using onion skin modified by plasma and microwave radiation to remove the Methylene blue dye from simulated solutions.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsiana Shalima ◽  
Kamini A. Mishra ◽  
Sandra Kaabel ◽  
Lukas Ustrnul ◽  
Simona Bartkova ◽  
...  

We found that cyclohexanohemicucurbit[8]uril encapsulates five- and six-membered sulfur- and oxygen-containing unsubstituted heterocycles and can be used as a selective sorption material for the extraction of sulfur-heterocycles like 1,3-dithiolane and α‑lipoic acid from water.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsiana Shalima ◽  
Kamini A. Mishra ◽  
Sandra Kaabel ◽  
Lukas Ustrnul ◽  
Simona Bartkova ◽  
...  

Here we report a study on cyclohexanohemicucurbit[8]uril (cycHC[8]) binding of sulfur-, oxygen- and nitrogen-containing heterocycles in both solid state and solution, which is investigated by single crystal X-ray diffraction, NMR spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry, and thermogravimetry. Potential guests include environmental pollutants, hazardous compounds, and bioactive substances. We found that cycHC[8] encapsulates five- and six-membered sulfur- and oxygen-containing unsubstituted heterocycles and can be used as a selective sorption material for the extraction of sulfur-heterocycles from water. Both cycHC[6] and cycHC[8] can remove a substituted heterocycle, α-lipoic acid, from an aqueous solution via the formation of an external complex. The results show that cycHC[<i>n</i>] is a promising reusable sorbent material with the potential to be employed in molecular recognition and highly specific solid-phase extraction of sulfur-heterocycles.


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