Faceting and Migration of Low Angle Tilt Grain Boundaries in Pure Aluminum

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 903-908
Author(s):  
Dirk M. Kirch ◽  
Bing Bing Zhao ◽  
Dmitri A. Molodov ◽  
Günter Gottstein
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Rotation Angle ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
Boundary Surface ◽  
Structural Behavior ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
And Migration

The kinetic and structural behavior of symmetrical <100> tilt grain boundaries with rotation angles 8.4°, 12.0°, 14.3° and 16.0° were investigated in-situ in a hot stage SEM in the temperature range between 380°C and 640°C. The results revealed that depending on the rotation angle the boundary either remained straight, became faceted or curved under the driving force provided by the boundary surface tension during high temperature annealing. The transition “facetedcurved boundary” was also found to depend on temperature. The observed behavior is attributed to the anisotropy of grain boundary energy with respect to boundary inclination.

Effect of Grain Boundary Energy Anisotropy on Faceting and Migration of Low Angle Grain Boundaries

2014 ◽  
Vol 783-786 ◽  
pp. 1634-1639
Author(s):  
Dmitri A. Molodov ◽  
Jann Erik Brandenburg ◽  
Luis Antonio Barrales-Mora ◽  
Günter Gottstein
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Migration Behavior ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Orientation Contrast ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Twist Boundaries

The faceting and migration behavior of low angle <100> grain boundaries in high purity aluminum bicrystals was investigated. In-situ technique based on orientation contrast imaging was applied. In contrast to the pure tilt boundaries, which remained straight/flat and immobile during annealing at elevated temperatures, mixed tilt-twist boundaries readily assumed a curved shape and steadily moved under the capillary force. Computational analysis revealed that this behavior is due to the inclinational anisotropy of grain boundary energy, which in turn depends on boundary geometry – the energy of pure tilt low angle <100> boundaries is anisotropic, whereas that of mixed tilt-twist boundaries isotropic with respect to boundary inclination.

Faceting and Migration of Low Angle Tilt Grain Boundaries in Pure Aluminum

2007 ◽  
pp. 903-908
Author(s):  
Dirk M. Kirch ◽  
Bing Bing Zhao ◽  
Dmitri A. Molodov ◽  
Günter Gottstein
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Pure Aluminum ◽  
And Migration

Grain-Boundary Energy and Grain-Boundary Groove Angles in Ice

1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (62) ◽  
pp. 265-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigenao Suzuki ◽  
Daisuke Kuroiwa
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Boundary Groove ◽  
Grain Boundary Grooves

Abstract Relative grain-boundary energies in ice were measured as a function of mismatch angles made by the c-axes or a-axes in grains, using ice specimens having triple grain boundaries. It was found that the Read–Shockley equation for grain-boundary energy was valid for grain boundaries tilted between 0° and 15°. Angles of the solid–vapour grain-boundary groove in ice were measured by the use of micro-interferometry at grain-boundary grooves covered with extremely thin metalic foil. The data were compared with those measured by a silvered replica of grain-boundary grooves.

Survey of Grain Boundary Energies in Four Elemental Metals

2012 ◽  
Vol 715-716 ◽  
pp. 179-179
Author(s):  
David L. Olmsted ◽  
Elizabeth A. Holm ◽  
Stephen M. Foiles
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Energy Minimization ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Fcc Metals ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Boundary Properties

Grain boundary properties depend on both composition and structure. To test the relative contributions of composition and structure to the grain boundary energy, we calculated the energy of 388 grain boundaries in four elemental, fcc metals: Ni, Al, Au and Cu. We constructed atomic-scale bicrystals of each boundary and subjected them to a rigorous energy minimization process to determine the lowest energy structure. Typically, several thousand boundary configurations were examined for each boundary in each element.

Coherency Strain Energy in any Crystal System: Applications to in Situ Observations of Cigm in Calcite

1990 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. May ◽  
B. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Driving Force ◽  
Migration Rate ◽  
Strain Energy ◽  
Solute Concentration ◽  
Coherency Strain ◽  
Solute Diffusion ◽  
Boundary Orientation ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
And Migration

AbstractIn situ observations of CIGM in CaCO3 bicrystals with a SrCO3 solute source were made. The change in boundary orientation and migration rate were compared with solute concentration. The liquid film model for coherency strain Induced migration was generalized to any non-cubic system and applied to CaCO3-SrCO3. The coherent layer was modeled as a thin film on an infinite half-space. The strain energy was found from solution of the Hooke's law expressions transformed to the appropriate coordinate system. For triclinic or monoclinic films the strain tensor was found by an eigenvector decomposition of the transformation matrix that defined the lattice parameter change with composition. High anisotropy of Vegard's law constants for CaCO3-SrCO3 caused (111) to have the lowest coherency strain per unit solute. Surfaces perpendicular to (111) in coherent equilibria were predicted to have half the solute concentration and three times the migration driving force of those perpendicular to (111). However, no correlation between solute concentration and boundary orientation was observed. Ambiguous and contradictory evidence for a relationship between solute concentration, boundary orientation, and migration rate was found. The self-stress state of a grain boundary in a solute diffusion field may be better modelled as hydrostatic rather than plane stress. Hydrostatic compression may interact with the boundary excess volume and cause a PV driving force for migration. Predictions based on coherent equilibrium at a surface have not been tested for that geometry in calcite; they should be tested before they are applied to grain boundaries.

Effect of inclination dependence of grain boundary energy on the mobility of tilt and non-tilt low-angle grain boundaries

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 980-983 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.-E. Brandenburg ◽  
L.A. Barrales-Mora ◽  
D.A. Molodov ◽  
G. Gottstein
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy

The Influence of Anisotropic Grain Boundary Energy on Triple Junction Morphology and Grain Growth

1998 ◽  
Vol 529 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander H. King
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Triple Junction ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Boundary Migration ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Dihedral Angles ◽  
Grain Boundary Migration ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Boundary Curvature ◽  
Energy Anisotropy

AbstractWe consider some examples of triple junction equilibration in the presence of grain boundary energy anisotropy. It is shown that the presence of one or two cusp-trapped grain boundaries can reduce the restrictions upon the dihedral angles formed with the remaining (isotropic) boundaries This allows for a reduction in the average grain boundary curvature, and thus in the driving force for grain boundary migration.

An identification scheme of grain boundaries and construction of a grain boundary energy database

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 1152-1155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun-Kyu Kim ◽  
Won-Seok Ko ◽  
Hyuk-Joong Lee ◽  
Seong Gyoon Kim ◽  
Byeong-Joo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Identification Scheme

The Effect of Grain Boundaries on Surface Diffusion Mediated-Planarization of Polycrystalline Cu Films

1995 ◽  
Vol 389 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Brain ◽  
D.S. Gardner ◽  
D.B. Fraser ◽  
H.A. Atwater
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Surface Diffusion ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Boundary Surface ◽  
Surface Profile ◽  
Transmission Electron Micrograph ◽  
Cu Films ◽  
Transmission Electron

ABSTRACTIn situ, ultrahigh vacuum anneals were performed to induce Cu reflow at 500°C following deposition of Cu films and a Ta barrier layer on 1 μm wide by 1 μm deep trenches. Transmission electron micrograph cross-sections show profiles which suggest that grain boundaries and surface energy anisotropy significantly affect reflow. The extent of reflow is dependent on the structure of grain boundary-surface intersections, and the surface profile consists of regions of low curvature within grains and with sharp discontinuities in curvature at grain boundaries, a structure that inhibits surface diffusion. We present results showing how the surface diffusion mediated reflow varies with grain boundary groove angle and position, and compare these results with finite-element simulations that model surface diffusion-driven reflow.

Preferred inclinations of grain boundaries in epitaxially grown bicrystalline thin films of gold

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 434-435
Author(s):  
F. Cosandey ◽  
Y. Komem ◽  
C. L. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Grain Boundary ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Boundary Energy ◽  
Boundary Plane ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Grain Boundary Energy ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Misorientation Of Grains

Energy and concomitant structure of grain boundaries are related to inclination of the boundary plane as well as misorientation of grains defining the boundary. Although increasing information is becoming available on variation of grain boundary energy with misorientation, still relatively little is known about variation of grain boundary energy with inclination. The purpose of this research is to examine preferred inclinations of preselected grain boundaries in gold by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in order to identify principal structural elements and to relate these elements to the energy of special grain boundary configurations.Grain boundaries examined in this research are produced by a new technique involving vapor deposition of gold on common (001) surfaces of bicrystalline substrates of NaCl, characterized by preselected rotation about a common [001] axis, and subsequent epitaxial growth to form a bicrystalline thin film. These films are then removed from their substrates and examined by TEM. The principal advantage of this technique is that the grain boundary is formed during the deposition and growth process, thus resulting in a more perfect boundary structure while eliminating necessity of a separate bonding operation.

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